SSH_302(Presentation)

Mam Bushra Umar

Presented By:-
Mansoor Hussain Akbar (2018-ag-6671)
Hamza Asif (2018-ag-6672)
Azhar Mehmood (2018-ag-6674)
Muhammad Azam (2018-ag-6677)
Asad Ali (2018-ag-6665)
Topic:-
Domestic Violence
 Introduction:-
 Domestic violence is a type of behavior used by one
person in a relationship to control the other.
 Partners may be married or not married; living together,
separated or dating.
 It is causing physical or mental harm to the family or
household member or placing the family or a household
member in fear of physical or mental harm.
 In addition to this the adverse effects of the domestic
violence can be easily seen on the young members of
the family.
 Types of domestic violence:-
 Male domestic violence:-
Men are also victims of domestic violence. Domestic
violence against men can take many forms including
emotional, sexual and physical abuse and threats of
abuse.
 Female domestic violence:-
Violence and abuse affect women from all kinds of
background everyday. Sometimes they are attacked by the
strangers but most commonly they are abused by the
people closed to them. Violence and abuse can cause
terrible physical and mental pain in them.
 Causes of Domestic Violence:-
 Violence may start when one partner feels the need to
control and dominate the other.
 Violent behavior is often caused by the interaction of
situational and individual factors.
 Domestic violent behaviors are learned through
observations.
 Domestic violence against women by men is caused by
the misuse of power and control within a context of the
male privilege.
 As a result of previous family background.
 The effect of alcohol addiction and abuse on human
behavior is also a major contributing factor.
 Many Theories have evolved over the time trying to
explain the cause of domestic violence and to treat such
kind of behavior.
 One of the important theories is the learned behavior
theory which says that man battered because they
learned this behavior in their families.
 Men often beat women when they lose their control from
themselves.
 Social factors such as level of social stress also
contributes in domestic violence.
 Abuse may be the result of failure of recognizing the
women rights.
 One of the major reasons of domestic violence in
Pakistan is the men dominated culture of our country
and imbalance of power between men and women.
 Wrong interpretations of religious, traditional and cultural
norms of the society is also a cause of domestic violence
in our country.
 Dowry system and women’s suppressed autonomy also
results in domestic violence in Pakistan.
 90% of the women in Pakistan face domestic violence
which is an alarming situation for us.(Tribune Express)
 Forms of Domestic Violence
 Verbal Abuse
 Physical Abuse
 Emotional or Psychological Abuse
 Economic abuse
 Sexual Abuse
 Isolation
 Honor killing
 Verbal Abuse:-
 Actions of ignoring ,disrespecting and
criticizing others consistently.
 A manipulation of words.
 Purposeful humiliations of others.
 Threatening to leave family destitute.
 Manipulating people to submit to
undesirable behavior.
 Making others feel unwanted and
unloved
 Physical Abuse:-
 Physical abuse in a domestic
setting is continual hitting, punching
or any form of non accidental touch
performed for the purpose of harm.
 According to estimation two women
are killed by their partners in
England and Wale every week.
(Women’s Aid)
 Emotional or psychological
abuse:-
 Emotional abuse allows one person to
gain control over the other through word
and gestures which gradually undermines
the other’s self-respect.
 Its aim is to chip away at the confidence
and independence of victims with the
intention of making them compliant and
limiting their ability to leave.
 Financial Abuse:-
 It is the perpetrator keeping control
of all the earnings to gain control of
their spouse.
 Another form is the refusal to
contribute towards the household
expenses.
 Leaving all of he financial strain to
the victim is also a form of domestic
abuse.
 Sexual abuse:-
 It is the undesired sexual behavior by
the one person on the other.
 The term not only includes women but
children are equally affected by this
abuse.
 The victims usually don’t speak about it
due to the fear of being out casted by
society.
 Isolation:-
 It is the threatening of the victim with
the use of divorce( which is considered
a taboo in our society) or any other way.
 The victims usually stay quite due to fear
of being isolated.
 Honor Killing:-
 This is another brutal form of domestic
violence which includes honor as the
name suggests.
 This is very common in rural areas
where if a girl is found in relation with
any man who is not her husband is
brutally raped or murdered in order to
protect the so called honor of the family.
 Food for thought:-
 October is a national violence awareness month. There
are 754 hours in the month of October. As many 115
children are abused in one hour. The total becomes
11,310 which is just too much.
 There are 754 hours in the month of October. As many
as 4 women, 1 man and almost 5 children who die every
24 hours as a result of domestic violence. That is 310
people.
 74% of Americans are currently being abused or know
someone who is being abused. There are 8,760 hours in
a year and someone is being abused every hour.
 Everyday 4 women, 1 man, and almost 5 children die as
a result of domestic violence.
 1 in every 4 women will experience domestic violence in
her life time.
 Females at the age of 22 to 24 years are at a greater
risk of the intimate partner abuse.
 In 2005 389,100 women and 78,180 were vimtized by
the intimate partner.
 Incidents of elder abuse was found to be 32 out of 1000
in persons of the age 65 years or older.
 Effects on women:-
 Anxiety
 Death
 Alcohol dependence and drugs
 Eating disorder
 Malnutrition
 Panic attacks
 Poverty
 Self neglect
 Suicide attempts
 Inability o respond to children needs.
 There may be many immediate health effects on them
like
1) Hearing and vision loss
2) Miscarriage
3) Fracture or dislocated bones.
4) Knife wounds
 Its long term impacts include
1) Back pain
2) Fainting
3) Depression
4) Smoking through out pregnancy
5) Sleeplessness
 Effects on Children:-
 The children may become anxious and depressed due
to continuous exposure to the domestic violence.

 Children may find difficulty in sleeping. In this way sleep

wake cycle may be disturbed.
 They may have nightmares and flashbacks of the abuse.
 They can be easily startled.
 There may be a complain of physical symptoms such as
the stomach ache.
 They may start to wet their beds.
 Due to domestic violence they might not be able to
perform well in their academic results as a result their
future will be at a stake.
 They may be aggressive.as a result they will start
fighting with others and this will result in the isolation of
kids from the others.
 They may have lowered self worth as a result of the
domestic abuse.
• Older children may start the use of drugs and
alcohol and results in damaging their lives.
• They may develop eating disorders which will
ultimately affect their lives.
 Recent Events:-
 In July a woman was beaten by her father and relatives
in court over a domestic spate.(Tribune Express)
 Another alarming incident was reported about a woman
allegedly blackmailed and raped in Islamabad by Capital
development authority.(Tribune Express)
 In september a women was allegedly thrashed for
shoplifting a shop.(Dawn news)
 30 women killed in the name of honor in 2018(Tribune
Express)
 In January a girl named as zainab was brutally raped
and murdered.(Tribune Express)
 Iram Saeed rejected the proposal of a boy and in results
she received a jus full of acid on herself.
 A 14 year girl Nasreen Shareef was burned by the
cousin with sulphuric acid. His cousin excused that he
could not stand the boys whistling at her in streets. She
is blind now.
 In addition to this there are a number of cases on the
domestic violence and child abuse which had occurred
in Pakistan during the past few years.
 How to handle Violence:-
 NGOs of Pakistan:-
1) White Ribbon Campaign in Pakistan
2) Kashf Foundation
3) All Pakistan women association
4) Women Association Struggle for Development
5) AASHA
6) FEHRO
7) Aurat Foundation Islamabad
8) Tehreek-e-Niswan
9) PWHRO and many more…..
 Governmental Measures:-
 The government passed a prevention and protection bill
in 2009 to control domestic violence. Which stats that
beating women and children will be illegal but
unfortunately due to interference of Jamate Islami the bill
failed.
 Recently in 2016 Punjab government passed a bill for
protection of women against violence which protect
women from a variety of the violent activities. This bill
includes an implementation mechanism through VAWs.
 Education:-
 Providing proper guidelines to the people of society by
educating them can play a huge role in decreasing the
domestic violence. This requires proper development of
the mindset of people.
 Awareness to basic rights:-
 People especially women should be aware of their basic
rights in the society. Honor killing in the name of self
respect should be stopped. Children should be educated
about the wolves in the costumes of sheep living in our
society.
 Confidence Building:-
 Basic confidence should be build up in the people so
that they may be able to speak up freely about the
harassments and violent activities they are facing.
 References:-
 Counseling Directory, online, 2013
 http://www.rozan.org/
 The Tribune Express
 Domestic Violence and Phycology: A Critical Perspective
by (Paula Nicolson)
 Domestic Violence: A Reference Handbook by(Margi
Lurid McCue)
 Families, Violence and Social Change by (Linda McKee)