Tropical Cyclones: HURRICANE (Disambiguation)

TROPICAL CYCLONES
HURRICANE (disambiguation)
MEANING
A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-level

atmospheric circulation, strong winds, and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms
that produce heavy rains.
It refers to the winds blowing over the seas in a circle.
“Tropical” refers to the geographical origin of these systems, which form almost
exclusively over tropical seas, these winds blowing over them in circles, whirls
round their central eye.
Tropical cyclones typically form over large bodies of relatively warm water.
They derive their energy through the evaporation of water from the ocean
surface, which ultimately recondenses into clouds and rain when moist air rises
and cools to saturation.
Coastal regions are particularly vulnerable to the impact of a tropical cyclone,
compared to inland regions.
The primary energy source for these storms is warm ocean waters, therefore
these storms are typically strongest when over or near water, and weaken quite
rapidly over land.
Coastal damage may be caused by strong winds and rains, high winds(due to
winds), storm surges(due to severe pressure changes), and the potential of
spawning tornadoes.
The continual replacement of moisture bearing air by new moisture bearing air after its moisture
has fallen as rain, may cause extremely heavy rain and river and flooding up to 40 kilometres from
the coastline, far beyond the amount of water that the local atmosphere holds at any one time.
EFFECTS
The effect of a cyclone on the human population is often devastating, tropical

cyclones can relieve drought conditions.
They also carry heat energy away from the tropics an transport it toward
temperate latitudes, which may play an important role in modulating regional
and global climate.
Tropical cyclones out at sea cause large waves. Heavy rain, flood and high winds, disrupting
international shipping and, at times causing shipwrecks.
On land, strong winds can damage or destroy vehicles, buildings, bridges, and other outside
objects, turning loose debris into deadly flying projectiles.
Its also persists until landfall.
Over the past two centuries, tropical cyclones have been responsible for the deaths of about 1.9
million people worldwide.
Large areas of standing water caused by flooding lead to infection, as well as contributing to
mosquito-borne illnesses.
Crouded evacuees in shelters increase the risk of disease propogation.
Interupts infrastructure, leading to power outages, bridge destruction, and the hampering of
reconstruction efforts.
Pros and cons
 Although cyclones take an enormous toll in lives and personal property, they may be important factors in
the precipitation regimes of places they impact, as they may bring much-needed precipitation to otherwise dry
regions.
 Tropical cyclones also help maintain the global heat balance by moving warm, moist tropical air to the middle
latitudes and polar regions.
 They also stir up the waters of coastal estuaries which are typically important fish breeding locales. Tropical
cyclone destruction spurs redevelopment, greatly increasing local property values.
 When hurricanes surge upon shore from the ocean, salt is introduced to many freshwater areas and raises
the salinity levels too high for some habitats to withstand. Some are able to cope with the salt and recycle it back
into the ocean, but others can not release the extra surface water quickly enough or do not have a large enough
freshwater source to replace it. Because of this, some species of plants and vegetation die due to the excess salt.
 In addition, hurricanes can carry toxins and acids onto shore when they make landfall.
 The flood water can pick up the toxins from different spills and contaminate the land that it passes over. The
toxins are very harmful to the people and animals in the area, as well as the environment around them.
 The flooding water can also spark many dangerous oil spills.
TYPES
 In addition to tropical cyclones, there are two other classes of cyclones within the spectrum
of cyclone types. These kinds of cyclones, known as extratropical cyclones and subtropical
cyclones, can be stages a tropical cyclone passes through during its formation or dissipation.
 An extratropical cyclone is a storm that derives energy from horizontal temperature
differences, which are typical in higher latitudes. A tropical cyclone can become extratropical
as it moves toward higher latitudes if its energy source changes from heat released by
condensation to differences in temperature between air masses; although not as frequently,
an extratropical cyclone can transform into a subtropical storm, and from there into a
tropical cyclone. From space, extratropical storms have a characteristic "comma-shaped"
cloud pattern. Extratropical cyclones can also be dangerous when their low-pressure centers
cause powerful winds and high seas.
 A subtropical cyclone is a weather system that has some characteristics of a tropical cyclone
and some characteristics of an extratropical cyclone. They can form in a wide band
of latitudes, from the equator to 50°. Although subtropical storms rarely have hurricane-
force winds, they may become tropical in nature as their cores warm. From an operational
standpoint, a tropical cyclone is usually not considered to become subtropical during its
extratropical transition.
Preparedness And Precautions in The Event
of a Cyclone
Ensure that your house is in good condition and can withstand cyclone gusts.
Trim tree branches likely to cause damages to your house, telephone and
electricity lines.
Clear your property of loose material that can cause injury and damage during
extreme winds.
Identify secure places for your boat.
Be acquainted with the nearest cyclone refugee centres.
Prepare an emergency kit consisting of:
 Portable AM/FM radio and fresh batteries.
 Torch, lamps, candles, matches, etc.
 Water containers.
 Canned food, can opener, stove with sufficient gas.
 Rice, flour, biscuits, cheese, etc.
 First aid kit and essential medicines.
 Clothes secured in plastic bags.
 Tool kit for emergency repairs (hammer, nail, rope, etc..)
Make sure your emergency kit is ready.
Monitor cyclone bulletins on Radio/TV.
Prepare to secure windows and doors with shutters or shields.
Store sufficient amount of drinking water
Continue to monitor cyclone bulletins on Radio/TV.
Fix shutters.
Store loose articles.
Avoid areas prone to storm surges and flooding.
Shelter domestic animals.
Secure vehicles.
Those in insecure dwellings, move as early as possible, to cyclone refugee centre with your emergency kit.
Avoid going outside.
Stay inside. Seek shelter in the safest part of the house.
Disconnect all electrical appliances.
If the house starts to suffer important damages, protect yourself with mattress, rugs or blankets.
Beware of the passage of the ‘EYE’. Do not assume that cyclonic conditions are over. The calm period is always followed by violent
winds from the opposite direction.
AFTER A CYCLONE
 Do not leave your shelter until the all-clear signals have been given by
relevant Authorities.
 Beware of fallen power lines, damaged buildings and trees and flooded water
courses.
 Do not consume fallen fruits.
 Boil water for drinking purposes.
 Clean yard and drain out stagnant water to prevent proliferation of

mosquitoes/diseases

Tropical Cyclones: HURRICANE (Disambiguation)

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TROPICAL CYCLONES

A tropical cyclone is a rapidly rotating storm system characterized by a low-level

The effect of a cyclone on the human population is often devastating, tropical

 Clean yard and drain out stagnant water to prevent proliferation of

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