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    War Policy

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    marlou agustin
    War is defined as an armed conflict between independent political units or states that involves organized military forces. It can be the result of incompatible goals between groups within a state or between multiple states. War is viewed as a way to redistribute political power or resources between competing interests and ends when the costs of continuing to fight outweigh the potential benefits for one or both sides. Just war theory holds that a war can be considered just if it is decided by a lawful authority, pursued only as a final option, and aims to do more good than harm through proportional and minimally damaging methods.

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    War Policy

    Uploaded by

    marlou agustin
    22 views12 pages
    War is defined as an armed conflict between independent political units or states that involves organized military forces. It can be the result of incompatible goals between groups within a state or between multiple states. War is viewed as a way to redistribute political power or resources between competing interests and ends when the costs of continuing to fight outweigh the potential benefits for one or both sides. Just war theory holds that a war can be considered just if it is decided by a lawful authority, pursued only as a final option, and aims to do more good than harm through proportional and minimally damaging methods.

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    international relation

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    war policy

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    War is defined as an armed conflict between independent political units or states that involves organized military forces. It can be the result of incompatible goals between groups within a state or between multiple states. War is viewed as a way to redistribute political power or resources between competing interests and ends when the costs of continuing to fight outweigh the potential benefits for one or both sides. Just war theory holds that a war can be considered just if it is decided by a lawful authority, pursued only as a final option, and aims to do more good than harm through proportional and minimally damaging methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    22 views12 pages

    War Policy

    Uploaded by

    marlou agustin
    War is defined as an armed conflict between independent political units or states that involves organized military forces. It can be the result of incompatible goals between groups within a state or between multiple states. War is viewed as a way to redistribute political power or resources between competing interests and ends when the costs of continuing to fight outweigh the potential benefits for one or both sides. Just war theory holds that a war can be considered just if it is decided by a lawful authority, pursued only as a final option, and aims to do more good than harm through proportional and minimally damaging methods.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Definition of War

    War
    -An armed conflict between independent
    political units by means of organized
    military force, in the pursuit of a tribal or
    national policy. (Malinowsky)
    -A series of events that produce substantial
    militarized arms conflict between organized
    military forces independent nations. (Kugler
    Oxford Companion)
    A sustained intergroup violence in which state
    military forces participate on at least one
    side- on both side in the case of interstate
    war, & generally on one side in the case of
    civil war. (Goldstein)
    A belligerent struggle between armed groups
    within a state or between states with highly
    incompatible goals, resulting in a sizeable
    number of casualties. (Hnederson)
    War is but the continuation of politics by
    other means. (Carl Von Clausewitz)
    -The state should employ sufficient violence
    to compel our opponent to do our will.
    -Clausewitz developed the “Trinity of War”
    consisting of the following stages:
    1.Political leaders decide on the goals, and
    then control the general course of the war
    during its prosecution.
    2.The military skillfully fights the war,
    choosing the specifics of strategy & tactics.
    3. The populace gives material resources &
    passion to the war effort.

    John Keegan takes a cultural approach , with


    the observation that war embraces much
    more than politics, it is always an
    expression of culture... In some societies
    the culture itself.
    War can be viewed as a redistribution of global
    or regional political values & resources. War
    is the ultimate arbiter of competing interests.
    Jones conceptualizes war as distribution
    mechanism making allocations of scarce
    goods to competing parties.
    -A party goes to war, after determining that it
    possesses two essential elements: strength &
    cost tolerance.
    -The cost of war is measured in deaths,
    deprivation, destruction of state assets. War
    ends when there has been a total victory by
    one side or when parties arrive at a
    common picture of their relative power &
    a common assessment of appropriate
    settlements claims.
    -According to Jones, wars end when mutual
    rejection of claims is not worth the costs of
    continued fighting to one side or both.
    -According to Jones, the purpose of war is
    not even render the opponent helpless &
    defenseless. Instead, the immediate function
    of war , then is to provide empirical
    evidence to adjust divergent assessments of
    relative power & permit the parties to
    develop similar perceptions of reality on
    which to base settlement”
    When each combatant is determined to
    convince the opponent of its version of the
    power ration, then war begins.
    Just war Theory
    -Plato believe that regardless of purpose war
    against non-Greeks was acceptable.
    -Aristotle expressed the belief that wars were
    just, when they were conducted for anyone
    of three purposes; self-defense; the control
    of others for their own benefit; & slavery of
    people who deserved to be slaves.
    -Christian religion begun to support just war
    concept in the 4th century. The European
    crusades to the Holy Land were justified as
    just wars, & were even blessed by the
    Roman Catholic popes.
    -The 1648 Treaty of Westphalia, which
    marked the beginning of the sovereign states
    also marked the sovereign right to make war
    no longer for moral causes.
    -Both Catholic & Protestant clergies as well
    as political leaders, have invoked the just
    war theory to support various causes.
    -In 1991, David Scheffer listed the following
    principles of a just war:
    1.The cost must be just
    2.A lawful authority must decide to use
    force.
    3.The use of force must be a final resort.
    4.The war must offer proportionality,
    meaning the good achieved must outweigh
    the damage done. The war must carry at least
    a probability of success.
    5.The methods of the war must minimize
    damage to combatants.

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