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    Circuit Breaker Ppt2018

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    Subhajit Joydhar
    A circuit breaker is a device that can open or close an electrical circuit manually or remotely under normal conditions. It can also automatically break a circuit under fault conditions to prevent damage. When a fault occurs, trip coils energize to pull the moving contacts open, interrupting the current. An arc is formed as the contacts separate, which circuit breakers must extinguish quickly. Common types include oil, vacuum, SF6, and air blast circuit breakers, which use various insulating mediums like oil, vacuum, SF6 gas, or high pressure air to cool and extinguish the arc.

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    Circuit Breaker Ppt2018

    Uploaded by

    Subhajit Joydhar
    68 views16 pages
    A circuit breaker is a device that can open or close an electrical circuit manually or remotely under normal conditions. It can also automatically break a circuit under fault conditions to prevent damage. When a fault occurs, trip coils energize to pull the moving contacts open, interrupting the current. An arc is formed as the contacts separate, which circuit breakers must extinguish quickly. Common types include oil, vacuum, SF6, and air blast circuit breakers, which use various insulating mediums like oil, vacuum, SF6 gas, or high pressure air to cool and extinguish the arc.

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    Presentation on circuit breaker

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    A circuit breaker is a device that can open or close an electrical circuit manually or remotely under normal conditions. It can also automatically break a circuit under fault conditions to prevent damage. When a fault occurs, trip coils energize to pull the moving contacts open, interrupting the current. An arc is formed as the contacts separate, which circuit breakers must extinguish quickly. Common types include oil, vacuum, SF6, and air blast circuit breakers, which use various insulating mediums like oil, vacuum, SF6 gas, or high pressure air to cool and extinguish the arc.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    68 views16 pages

    Circuit Breaker Ppt2018

    Uploaded by

    Subhajit Joydhar
    A circuit breaker is a device that can open or close an electrical circuit manually or remotely under normal conditions. It can also automatically break a circuit under fault conditions to prevent damage. When a fault occurs, trip coils energize to pull the moving contacts open, interrupting the current. An arc is formed as the contacts separate, which circuit breakers must extinguish quickly. Common types include oil, vacuum, SF6, and air blast circuit breakers, which use various insulating mediums like oil, vacuum, SF6 gas, or high pressure air to cool and extinguish the arc.

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    CIRCUIT BREAKER

    presented by-
    Subhajit Joydhar
    Samaresh Majumder
    Soumya Mukherjee
    WHAT IS A CIRCUIT BREAKER?

    A circuit breaker is a equipment which can


    • make or break a circuit either manually or by
    remote control under normal conditions.
    • Break a circuit automatically under fault
    conditions.
    • Make a circuit either manually or by remote
    control under fault conditions.
    Operating Principle
    • A circuit breaker essentially consists of fixed
    and moving contacts, called electrodes. The
    electrodes are closed under normal operating
    conditions.
    • When a fault occurs on any part of the
    system, the trip coils get energised and the
    moving contacts are pulled by some
    mechanism, thus opening the circuit.
    ARC PHENOMENON
    • An arc is struck when contacts are separated. The
    current is thus able to continue. Thus the main
    duty of a circuit breaker is to distinguish the arc
    within the shortest possible time.

    • The arc provides the low resistance path to the


    current and the current in the circuit remains
    uninterrupted.
    METHODS OF ARC EXTINCTION
    1. High resistance method.
    2. Low resistance or current zero method.
     High resistance method
    In this method, arc resistance is made to
    increase with time so that current is reduced to a
    value insufficient to maintain the arc.
    The resistance of the arc may be increased by :
    I. Lengthening the arc.
    II. Cooling the arc.
    III. Splitting the arc.
    Low resistance method

    This method is employed for arc extinction in


    a.c. circuits only. In an a.c. system, current
    drops to zero after every half-cycle. The arc
    resistance is kept low and is prevented from
    restriking.
    This method can be achieved by:
    I. Lengthening the gap.
    II. High pressure.
    III. Cooling.
    TYPES OF
    CIRCUIT
    BREAKER

    OIL AIR BLAST SF6 VACCUM


    CIRCUIT CIRCUIT CIRCUIT CIRCUIT
    BREAKER BREAKER BREAKER BREAKER
    OIL CIRCUIT BREAKER
    In such circuit breakers, some insulating oil
    (transformer oil) is used as an arc quenching
    medium. The contacts are opened under oil
    and an arc is struck between them.
    The oil circuit breaker is of two types:
     Bulk oil circuit breaker.
     Low oil circuit breaker.
    Oil circuit breaker
    VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER

    • In such breakers, vacuum is used as an arc


    quenching medium.
    • The degree of vacuum being in the range from
    10^-7 to 10^-5 torr.
    • Since vacuum has highest insulating strength, it
    has far superior arc quenching properties.
    APPLICATIONS
    Vacuum circuit breakers are used for outdoor
    applications ranging from 22KV to 66KV.
    VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKER
    SULPHUR HEXAFLOURIDE(SF6)
    CIRCUIT BRAKER
    • Sulphur Hexafluoride (SF6) gas is used as an
    arc quenching medium.
    • SF6 is an electro-negative gas and has a
    strong tendency to absorb free electrones.
    • The contacts are opened in a high pressure
    flow of SF6 gas and an arc is struck between
    them.
    SF6 CIRCUIT BREAKER
    AIR BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKER

    • These breakers employ a high pressure air


    blast as an arc quenching medium.
    • The contacts are opened in a flow of air-blast
    by the opening of blast valve.
    • The air blast cools the arc and sweeps away
    the arcing products to the atmosphere.
    AXIAL BLAST AIR CIRCUIT
    BREAKER
    THANKING YOU

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