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    Switched Capacitor Circuits For DC-DC Conversion: Chi Law Matthew Senesky Nov. 25, 2003

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    Thomas George
    1) Switched capacitor circuits use capacitors and switches instead of magnetic elements for DC-DC conversion, allowing for possible IC implementation but with more difficult control and lower power applications. 2) A Fibonacci 5:1 converter was analyzed using an ideal capacitor model to determine voltage ratios and currents. The analysis showed a 5:1 conversion ratio matching the Fibonacci number ratios. 3) The output resistance of the circuit was analyzed for both fast and slow switching cases. Fast switching is dominated by resistances while slow switching is dominated by capacitances. Optimization of resistance and capacitance ratios can improve output resistance.

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    Switched Capacitor Circuits For DC-DC Conversion: Chi Law Matthew Senesky Nov. 25, 2003

    Uploaded by

    Thomas George
    29 views17 pages
    1) Switched capacitor circuits use capacitors and switches instead of magnetic elements for DC-DC conversion, allowing for possible IC implementation but with more difficult control and lower power applications. 2) A Fibonacci 5:1 converter was analyzed using an ideal capacitor model to determine voltage ratios and currents. The analysis showed a 5:1 conversion ratio matching the Fibonacci number ratios. 3) The output resistance of the circuit was analyzed for both fast and slow switching cases. Fast switching is dominated by resistances while slow switching is dominated by capacitances. Optimization of resistance and capacitance ratios can improve output resistance.

    Original Description:

    lECTURE ON SENESKY LAW

    Original Title

    Senesky Law Ee290

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    1) Switched capacitor circuits use capacitors and switches instead of magnetic elements for DC-DC conversion, allowing for possible IC implementation but with more difficult control and lower power applications. 2) A Fibonacci 5:1 converter was analyzed using an ideal capacitor model to determine voltage ratios and currents. The analysis showed a 5:1 conversion ratio matching the Fibonacci number ratios. 3) The output resistance of the circuit was analyzed for both fast and slow switching cases. Fast switching is dominated by resistances while slow switching is dominated by capacitances. Optimization of resistance and capacitance ratios can improve output resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    29 views17 pages

    Switched Capacitor Circuits For DC-DC Conversion: Chi Law Matthew Senesky Nov. 25, 2003

    Uploaded by

    Thomas George
    1) Switched capacitor circuits use capacitors and switches instead of magnetic elements for DC-DC conversion, allowing for possible IC implementation but with more difficult control and lower power applications. 2) A Fibonacci 5:1 converter was analyzed using an ideal capacitor model to determine voltage ratios and currents. The analysis showed a 5:1 conversion ratio matching the Fibonacci number ratios. 3) The output resistance of the circuit was analyzed for both fast and slow switching cases. Fast switching is dominated by resistances while slow switching is dominated by capacitances. Optimization of resistance and capacitance ratios can improve output resistance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Switched Capacitor Circuits for

    DC-DC Conversion

    Chi Law
    Matthew Senesky
    Nov. 25, 2003
    1
    Motivation
    • Pro
    – No magnetic elements
    – Possible IC implementation
    • Con
    – Control difficult
    – Lower power applications
    • More info in Bill and Eddie’s talk

    2
    Switched Cap Basics
    • Global assumptions (for this presentation)
    – Circuits are made exclusively from caps,
    simple switches and sources
    – Two phase operation with D=0.5
    – Constant frequency

    3
    Fibonacci 5:1 Converter

    4
    Ideal Capacitor Voltages
    • No-load analysis
    • Goal is to find a consistent set of cap
    voltages, determine ideal conversion
    ratio, understand operation
    • In steady-state, no current flow, so
    voltages are constant
    • Resistance of switches (transistors) is not
    considered in this part of analysis

    5
    Conversion Ratio Analysis
    Phase 1: VC2, VC4: Since VC4 || VC2
    in Phase 2, VC4=VC2=Vout

    VC3: By looking at Phase 1,


    VC3 = VC2 + VC4 = 2Vout

    VC1: By looking at Phase 2,


    VC1 = VC2 + VC3 = 3Vout
    Phase 2:
    Vg: By looking at Phase 1,
    Vg = VC1 + VC3 =5Vout

    Thus conversion ratio is 5:1

    Note that we have a


    descending order of
    Fibonacci number 6
    conversion ratio
    Ideal Currents
    • “Piecewise constant” model
    • Assume:
    – Current source load
    – Periodic steady-state operation
    – Average power balance at input and output
    (100% efficiency)
    – Large caps, so approximately constant
    voltages
    – Must maintain charge balance

    7
    Current Analysis
    Phase 1:
    IC1: Assume power
    balance between input
    and output. Since C1 is
    not connected to the
    source in Phase 2
    IC1 = 2Iin in Phase 1.

    IC3: IC3 = IC1 = 2Iin in


    Phase 2.
    Phase 2:
    IC2: Apply KCL to Phase
    1, IC2 = IC1 + IC3 = 4Iin

    IC4: Need It=5Iin. By


    KCL on both phases IC4
    = Iin

    8
    Output Resistance
    • Need to determine output resistance of
    circuit to find output voltage and
    efficiency
    • Case 1: fast switching, only R’s matter
    – Currents are piecewise DC
    • Case 2: slow switching, only C’s matter
    – Currents are impulses, get step V changes

    9
    Fast vs. Slow Switching
    vo due to currents

    iR io
    v2
    v1 vo Currents
    iC io

    10
    Fast Switching
    vo due to currents
    As iR approaches io, output
    resistance approaches R

    iR io
    v2
    v1 vo Currents
    iC io

    11
    Slow Switching
    vo due to currents
    As iC approaches io, output
    resistance approaches 0.25T/C

    iR io
    v2
    v1 vo Currents
    iC io

    12
    Fibonacci 5:1 Converter

    13
    Fibonacci ROC Analysis
    Phase 1: Assuming the output
    impedance is dominated
    by capacitors,

    CΦ1=((C1+C3)||C2)+C4

    CΦ2=((C1||C3)+C2)+C4

    The total capacitance is


    Phase 2: the average of the two
    phases,

    Ct= (CΦ1+CΦ2)/2

    ROC = 0.25T/Ct

    14
    Fibonacci ROR Analysis
    Phase 1:
    Assuming the output
    impedance is dominated by
    resistors,

    ROR_Φ1:
    ((R1+R2)||R3+R4+R5)||R6

    ROR_Φ2:
    Phase 2:
    ((R1+R2+R3)||R4)+R5

    The total output impedance


    is the average of the two
    phases,

    ROR = (ROR_Φ1+ROR_Φ2)/2

    15
    Fibonacci Results
    Slow switching
    • Assume all switch R’s
    are equal, all C’s are
    equal
    • ROC=0.25T/(2.08C)
    • ROR=2.2R
    • Results for R=1Ω, Fast switching
    C=1μF, ƒsw=5 kHz
    (slow), 500kHz (fast)

    Simulation
    Hand calculation 16
    Design Strategy
    • Optimize ROC and ROR independently for a given
    area to find component ratios
    • Optimize ROC+ROR for a given area to find ratio of
    R to C
    • Choose switching frequency where ROR=ROC

    Rout

    Simulation
    Hand calculation
    17
    fsw

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