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    Airport Layout and Airport Terminal

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    Chouaib Ben Boubaker
    The document defines key airport components and structures. An airport consists of airside areas like runways, taxiways, and aircraft parking areas, as well as landside areas for public transport and vehicle access. Runways are where planes take off and land, taxiways connect runways to facilities, and aircraft stands are designated parking spots. Terminals contain ticket counters, security, and gates for boarding planes. Airports can be towered or non-towered depending on air traffic control needs.

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    Airport Layout and Airport Terminal

    Uploaded by

    Chouaib Ben Boubaker
    2K views94 pages
    The document defines key airport components and structures. An airport consists of airside areas like runways, taxiways, and aircraft parking areas, as well as landside areas for public transport and vehicle access. Runways are where planes take off and land, taxiways connect runways to facilities, and aircraft stands are designated parking spots. Terminals contain ticket counters, security, and gates for boarding planes. Airports can be towered or non-towered depending on air traffic control needs.

    Original Description:

    the airport and terminal parts and sub-parts

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    The document defines key airport components and structures. An airport consists of airside areas like runways, taxiways, and aircraft parking areas, as well as landside areas for public transport and vehicle access. Runways are where planes take off and land, taxiways connect runways to facilities, and aircraft stands are designated parking spots. Terminals contain ticket counters, security, and gates for boarding planes. Airports can be towered or non-towered depending on air traffic control needs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views94 pages

    Airport Layout and Airport Terminal

    Uploaded by

    Chouaib Ben Boubaker
    The document defines key airport components and structures. An airport consists of airside areas like runways, taxiways, and aircraft parking areas, as well as landside areas for public transport and vehicle access. Runways are where planes take off and land, taxiways connect runways to facilities, and aircraft stands are designated parking spots. Terminals contain ticket counters, security, and gates for boarding planes. Airports can be towered or non-towered depending on air traffic control needs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 94
    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that airports facilitate air transportation by providing infrastructure for aircraft to take off and land. They consist of runways, terminals, control towers and other facilities to support flight operations.

    The main components of an airport include runways, taxiways, aprons, terminals, control towers, hangars and other facilities to support aircraft operations.

    The different types of airports include international airports, regional airports and domestic airports. International airports handle international commercial flights while regional and domestic airports focus on regional and domestic routes.

    AIRPORT SERVICES & FACILITIES

    What is an AIRPORT?

    • A public facility where aircraft can take off and


    land.
    • Consists of runways, taxiways, aprons and
    other facilities.
    • Usually owned and/or operated by the
    national government.
    • Private airports
    Airport
    • An airport is a location where aircraft such
    as fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters, take off and
    land.
    • Aircraft may be stored or maintained at an airport.
    • An airport consists of at least one surface such as
    runway for a plane to take off and land, a helipad,
    on land or water for takeoffs and landings, and
    often includes buildings such as control towers,
    hangars and terminal buildings.
    What means by AIRPPORT

    • An airport is a location where aircraft such as


    airplanes, helicopters take off and land.
    • Aircraft may also be stored or maintained at
    an airport.
    • An airport should have runway for takeoffs
    and landings, buildings such as hangars and
    terminal buildings.
    Definition

    • AIRFIELD is an area where an


    aircraft can land and take off, which
    may or may not be equipped with
    any navigational aids or markings.
    Many grass strips are also
    designated as airfields.
    What is Aerodromes?

    • AERODROMES
    • A defined area on land or water (including any
    buildings, installations and equipment) intended to
    be used either wholly or in part for the arrival,
    departure and surface movement of aircraft.

    7
    What means by AIRPPORT

    • An airport is a facility where


    passengers connect from ground
    transportation to air transportation.
    Airlines

    • An organization that provides


    scheduled flights for passengers
    or cargo.
    AIR TRAFFIC SERVICES

    • Air traffic services help in navigating aircraft while


    landing, taking off, flying in the air, over-flying
    any country, taxing on the ground and parking

    • They provide a discipline in the air and also on the


    ground and maintain safety

    • The services are provided by using modern


    equipment including radars
    REGULATION AND POLICIES

    The International Civil Aviation


    Organization (ICAO).
    The International Civil Aviation
    Organization

    • The International Civil Aviation Organization


    (ICAO), an agency of the United Nations, codifies
    the principles and techniques of international air
    navigation and fosters the planning and
    development of international air transport to
    ensure safe and orderly growth.
    REGULATION AND POLICIES

    IN TUNISIA:
    • General Department of Civil Aviation
    (DGAC)

    • Civil Aviation and Airport Agency


    (OACA)
    DGAC Documents

    A.I.P
    Aeronautical Information
    Publication
    Airports

    International
    Airports

    Types of
    Airports

    Domestic Regional
    Airports Airports
    International Airports
    • An international airport has direct service
    to many other airports.
    • Handle scheduled commercial airlines
    both for passengers and cargo.
    • Many international airports also serve as
    "HUBS", or places where non-direct flights
    may land and passengers switch planes.
    International Airports
    • Typically equipped with customs and
    immigration facilities to handle
    international flights to and from other
    countries.
    • Such airports are usually larger, and often
    feature longer runways and facilities to
    accommodate the large aircraft. (FBO,
    MRO etc..)
    O’Hare International Airport –
    Chicago, Illinois, United States
    London Heathrow Airport –
    United Kingdom
    Beijing Capital International
    Airport – China
    Hong Kong International Airport – Chek Lap Kok,
    Hong Kong
    Incheon International Airport
    Domestic Airports
    • A domestic airport is an airport which handles
    only domestic flights or flights within the
    same country.
    • Domestic airports don't have customs and
    immigration facilities and are therefore
    incapable of handling flights to or from a
    foreign airport.
    • These airports normally have short runways
    which are sufficient to handle short/medium
    haul aircraft.
    Regional Airports

    • A regional airport is an airport serving traffic


    within a relatively small or lightly populated
    geographical area.
    • A regional airport usually does not have customs
    and immigration facilities to process traffic
    between countries.
    • Aircraft using these airports tend to be smaller
    business jets or private aircraft (general
    aviation).
    Airport Ownerships
    • Most of the world’s airports are owned by
    government bodies who then lease the airport to
    private corporations who oversee the airport’s
    operation.
    • OACA responsibility is to focus on the operations,
    management and maintenance of Tunisia airports.
    • The core activities include the management,
    operation and maintenance as well as development
    of airports, with primary importance being placed
    on the operational efficiency, safety and security of
    passengers, cargo and aircraft operations.
    How are airports managed?

    • There are several divisions to manage each sub


    organizations at an airport.
    • These divisions including
    • Airport operation services (security, fire & rescue
    & maintenance)
    • Airport planning and development (engineering)
    • Airport financial (revenues, business)
    • The primary objective of each division is to ensure
    the operational efficiency, safety and security of
    passengers, cargo and aircraft operations.
    Airport Structure
    Airport Components

    • Airspace : Area for aircraft maneuver (after takeoff,


    before landing)
    • Airfield = Aerodromes : Area for aircraft take-off &
    landing (equipped with required installations &
    equipments, NavAids, Lighting)
    • Landside : Area to accommodate the ground-based
    vehicles, passengers & cargo movements.
    • Airport Ground Access Plans: Area to accommodate
    ground based vehicles to and from the near city area &
    between the various buildings around the airport.
    Airport Structure

    • Airports are divided into landside and airside


    areas.
    • Landside areas include parking lots, public
    transportation train stations and access roads.
    • Airside areas include all areas accessible to
    aircraft, including runways, taxiways and
    ramps. Access from landside areas to airside
    areas is tightly controlled at most airports.
    Airport Structure

    • Passengers on commercial flights access airside


    areas through terminals, where they can purchase
    tickets, clear security, check or claim luggage
    and board aircraft through gates.
    • The waiting areas which provide passenger
    access to aircraft are typically called concourses,
    although this term is often used interchangeably
    with terminal.
    Airport Structure

    • The area where aircraft park next to a terminal


    to load passengers and baggage is known as a
    ramp (or "the tarmac").
    • Parking areas for aircraft away from terminals
    are called aprons.
    • Airports can be towered or non-towered,
    depending on air traffic density and available
    funds. Due to their high capacity and busy
    airspace, many international airports have air
    traffic control located on site.
    Airport Structure

    • Airports with international flights have


    customs and immigration facilities.
    • International flights often require a higher
    level of physical security, although in
    recent years, many countries have adopted
    the same level of security for international
    and domestic travel.
    AIRPORT STRUCTURES

    AIRSIDE AREAS:
    • Runways
    • Taxiways
    • Ramps / apron
    Runways
    • A runway (RWY) is a strip of land on an
    airport, on which aircraft can take off and land.
    • A runway is the area where an aircraft lands or
    takes off.
    • It can be grass, or packed dirt, or a hard surface
    such as asphalt or concrete.
    • Runways have special markings on them to
    help a pilot in the air to tell that it is a runway
    (and not a road) and to help them when they
    are landing or taking off.
    • Runway markings are white.
    Runways
    • Most runways have numbers on the end. The number is
    the runway's compass direction. (For example, runway
    numbered 36 would be pointing north or 360 degrees).
    • Some airports have more than one runway going in the
    same direction, so they add letters to the end of the
    number R for right, C for center, and L for left.
    • The other end of the runway is pointing in the opposite
    direction, so it gets a different number. The runway
    called 36 would be called 18 (for 180 degrees) if you
    were looking at it from the other end.
    Runways

    • Runways may have other markings besides the


    end number on them.
    • They may have white stripes down the middle of
    them, and solid white lines on the edges.
    • The most important thing for you to remember
    about a runway is that it is meant for aircraft use,
    so you should never drive your vehicle on it,
    unless you are authorized to do so.
    Taxiway & A/C Stands

    • A taxiway is a path on an airport connecting


    runways with ramps, hangars, terminals and
    other facilities. They mostly have hard surface
    such as asphalt or concrete, although smaller
    airports sometimes use gravel or grass.
    • An aircraft Stand is a portion of an apron
    designated as a parking for aircraft to embark
    or disembark passengers, to refuel or to be
    maintained.
    hangar apron
    AIRPORT STRUCTURES

    LAND SIDE:
    • Public transport
    stations
    • Access Roads
    • Parkings
    TYPES OF AIRPORTS

    • Towered
    • Non-Towered

    • The TOWER controls


    the air traffic and
    monitors the
    departure / arrival
    of aircrafts
    • Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by
    ground-based controllers who direct aircraft on the
    ground and in the air.
    Concourse / Terminal
    Concourse / Terminal
    • An airport terminal is a building at an airport where
    passengers transfer between ground transportation and
    the facilities that allow them to board and disembark
    from aircraft.
    • Within the terminal, passengers purchase tickets,
    transfer their luggage, and go through security.
    • The buildings that provide access to the airplanes (via
    gates) are typically called concourses. However, the
    terms "terminal" and "concourse" are sometimes used
    interchangeably.
    Terminal Building
    Terminal
    A building to facilitate the
    passengers & baggage
    movements from the landside
    to the aircraft on airside.
    Concourse
    • Open space or hall in
    passenger terminal, used for
    circulation or waiting.
    Denver International Airport,
    Concourse B
    Function of Terminal Building

    • To provide various facilities for crews & passengers


    move from aircraft or onto aircraft efficiently.

    Examples:
    • Transportation change (ex: from train to plane, from car
    to plane).
    • Ticketing process
    • Customs clearance & immigration control
    • Shopping, toilets, eating, meeting, business &
    conference
    Airport Terminal Design

    • Pier/Finger
    • Satellite
    • Semicircular
    • Transporter
    Central terminal with
    pier/finger
    • Advantages: • Disadvantages:
    Centralized Facilities • Congestion in the terminal
    at peak times.
    • Long walking distance
    from terminal to gate.
    Central terminal with
    Satellite
    Offer high aircraft capacity and simplicity of design.
    But, long distance from the check-in counter to the gate.
    Need high speed escalators, monorails or electric-powered
    carts to reduce walking distances.
    Transporter terminal
     Passengers are transported to and from the building to
    the parked airplane.
    Semicircular Terminal

    Advantages:
    • Short distance
    • Low cost construction

    Incheon Airport
    What passengers expect from the terminal

    Short
    walking
    Distances

    Convenience and comfort

    Clear Signage
    What passengers expect from the terminal

    Good airport shopping &


    eating facilities

    Short Queues
    What passengers expect from the terminal

    What passengers expect from the terminal ?


    • Easy Access from road or rail
    • Efficient Baggage Delivery
    • Full range of services
    • Convenient parking, ground transportation
    • Clean building
    • Simple procedures that are not confusing
    • Safe & Secure Environment
    Baggage Handling System

    Functions : Moving passengers baggage


    • From the check in area to the departure area
    • From one gate to another during transfers
    • From the arrival gate to the baggage-claim area.
    Goals of the systems

    Faster
    Safe
    3 Methods of Moving Bags
    • Tug & Cart
    • Labor intensive
    • Manual Method

    • Telecars
    • Multiple baggage pieces in one cart
    • Not automatically sorted
    • Typically used in automated systems

    • DCV – Destination Coded Vehicles


    • Each cart contains a single piece of baggage
    • Automatically sorted
    • Little or no human interaction required
    Baggage Handling Basics

    • DCVs = Destination-coded vehicles


    • Conveyors- Like a local ‘roads’
    • Automatic Scanner=scan the labels on the baggage
    • Baggage-Like a Passenger
    Baggage Handling Process

    • Check-in: Agents put tag on baggage


    • Bag’s owner, Flight number, Final destination,
    Intermediate connections and airlines

    • Automated bar code scanner


    • After reading the bar-code, the system will
    know where that bag is at all times.
    • Hundred of computers keep tack of the bag.
    Baggage Handling Process
    • Conveyors
    • Hundreds of conveyors with junctions connecting all of
    them
    • Sort all of the bags from all of the different airlines and
    send them to DCVs that are headed to the proper
    terminal and gate

    • DCVs –Destination Coded Vehicles


    • Headed to proper destination
    • Move bag quickly (5 times faster than conveyors)
    • Tracked by computers
    IMMIGRATION

    • Responsible for
    the ADMISSION
    and REMOVAL of
    travelers entering
    the country.
    AIRPORT CUSTOMS

    • An authority or
    agency responsible
    for the collection of
    duties & for
    controlling the flow
    of people, animals &
    goods in and out of
    the country.
    PRE-SECURITY ZONES

    • Check-In Counters
    • Retail Stores and Restaurants
    POST SECURITY ZONES

    • Duty Free Shops


    • Airport Lounges
    • Baggage Claim
    PASSENGER FACILITIES
    • Banks, Money Changers,
    & ATMs
    • Baggage Handling
    Services (Portage)
    • Public Telephone
    Booths
    • Medical Clinics
    • Postal Services
    • Parking
    PASSENGER FACILITIES

    • Special Assistance
    Services;
    • Tourist Information
    • Ground Transportation
    Services
    AIRPORT AREAS
    AIRPORT AREAS
    INSIDE THE AIRPORT
    INSIDE THE AIRPORT
    INSIDE THE AIRPORT
    INSIDE THE AIRPORT
    Chocks
    TOW TRUCK / PUSHBACK TUG
    TOW BAR / PUSHBACK PINS
    MARSHALLER AND FOLLOW ME VAN
    CRASH TENDER / FOAM TENDER /
    FIRE ENGINE
    FUEL (REFUELING) TRUCK /
    REFUELER
    FUEL DISPENSER / PUMP VEHICLE
    AIRSTAIRS / MOBILE PASSENGER STAIRS
    BAGGAGE TRUCK (TRAIN) / BAGGAGE TRAILER
    BAGGAGE CARTS
    Belt Loader / Conveyor
    belt
    TOWABLE POWER UNIT
    CATERING TRUCK
    Container transporter
    Lavatory Service Truck
    Deicer
    Air Traffic Control
    Step 7:Landing
    The pilot receives clearance from the Local
    Controller in the airport's control tower to
    land on a designated runway.

    Upon touching down, the flight is then handed


    off to Ground Control.

     The Ground Controller directs the pilot across


    the taxiways to its destination gate at the
    terminal.
    The End

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