Presented By: Sapna Saxena Lecturer, CSE Department Chitkara University

Presented By:
Sapna Saxena
Lecturer, CSE Department
Chitkara University
Intelligence
The ability to learn and to cope.
The ability to contemplate, think, and
reason.
Synonyms:
Brain, brainpower, mentality, mother wit,
sense, wit
Related:
Acumen, discernment, insight, judgment,
perspicacity, sagacity, wisdom
What is AI?
Intelligence: “ability to learn, understand and
think”
AI is the study of how to make computers make

things which at the moment people do better.
Examples: Speech recognition, Smell, Face,

Object, Intuition, Inferencing, Learning new
skills, Decision making, Abstract thinking
3
What is AI?
Thinking humanly Thinking rationally
Acting humanly Acting rationally
4
Definition
Artificial Intelligence is a branch of
Science which deals with helping
machines find solutions to complex
problems in a more human-like
fashion. This generally involves
borrowing characteristics from human
intelligence, and applying them as
algorithms in a computer friendly way.
5
Definition
Artificial intelligence is the simulation of
human intelligence processes by
machines, especially computer systems.
These processes include learning,
reasoning, and self-correction.
Particular applications of AI include
expert systems, speech recognitions,
etc.
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More on AI . . .
AI is generally associated with Computer
Science, but it has many important links with
other fields such as Math, Psychology,
Cognition, Biology and Philosophy, among
many others.
Our ability to combine knowledge from all
these fields will ultimately benefit our
progress in the quest of creating an
intelligent artificial being.
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What is AI -- Conclusions
Building intelligent entities.
Getting computers to do tasks which
require human intelligence.
Simple things turn out to be the hardest to
automate:
Recognising a face.
Navigating a busy street.
Understanding what someone says.
All tasks require reasoning on knowledge.
Goals -- Why do AI?
Two main goals of AI:
To understand human intelligence better.
We test theories of human intelligence by
writing programs which emulate it.
To create useful “smart” programs able to
do tasks that would normally require a
human expert.
Who does AI?
Many disciplines contribute:
Computer Science
Psychology -- human reasoning
Philosophy -- nature of belief, rationality,
etc
Linguistics -- structure and meaning of
language
Human Biology -- how brain works
Subject draws on ideas from each discipline.
Weak and Strong AI Claims
Weak AI:
Machines can be made to act as if
they were intelligent.
Strong AI:
Machines that act intelligently have
real, conscious minds.
Importance of AI
The importance of artificial intelligence is the
ability to create a never-ending thought process
and collective that could solve our problems.
Accomplishing this by thinking of every possible
solution. We are limited now by the number of
people who can do this. With artificial
intelligence, we could build computers, upon
thousands of computers, that could all work in
unison to solve our great and most dire
problems.
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History of AI
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HISTORY
The field of modern AI research was
founded at a conference on the campus of
Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956.
By the middle 60s their research was heavily
funded by the U.S. Department of Defense,
 In early 80’s ,the market for AI had reached

over a billion dollars, and governments
started funding again.
HISTORY continues…
In the 90s and early 21st century, AI
achieved its greatest successes, and it is
used for logistics, data mining, medical
diagnosis and many other areas
throughout the technology industry.
Computer vs. Human
Machine:
 Performs precisely defined tasks with speed
and accuracy
 Not gifted with common sense
Human:
 Capable of understanding and reasoning
 More likely to understand the results and
determine what to do next
 Not gifted with complex computations
Intelligent Agents
Agent:
 Device that responds to stimuli
from it environment
 Sensors: to receive stimuli
 Actuators: to react
The goal of artificial intelligence:
 To build agents that behave intelligently
APPLICATIONS
Game playing
Speech recognition
Facial recognition
Computer vision
Expert systems
Understanding natural language
Understanding Images
APPLICATIONS continues…
Artificial neural networks
Robotics
Production system

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AI is the study of how to make computers make

Examples: Speech recognition, Smell, Face,

Thinking humanly Thinking rationally

Acting humanly Acting rationally

 In early 80’s ,the market for AI had reached

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