Kakinada (formerly known as Cocanada)

Country : India
Region : Coastal Andhra
State : Andhra Pradesh
District(s) : East Godavari
Subdistrict : Kakinada (Urban)
Mayor : K.Saroja
Population : 696,329 as per 2007 census
Literacy : 70%
Language(s) : Telugu, English
The city has a population of about 696,329 as per 2007 census. This
coastal city is witnessing rapid growth thanks to the recently granted
Special Economic Zone status. The city also has a deep-water port
which is expanding rapidly. This city is the most well planned city in
Asia after Chandigarh, thanks to the British.

People from Kakinada can easily be identified by their characteristic

Godavari Telugu accent. They have gained a reputation for being
hospitable, polite and cultured in their interaction with people.

Education has spread its tentacles and a large part of the younger
generation are migrating to the cities and out of the country in search
of opportunities that meet their scale of ambition. However, there are
significant parts of the society that ride the boom by expanding their
businesses and investments. The local population is supplemented by
immigrants who leave their villages to seek work and opportunity in
this bustling city.
 The presence of a small island called Hope Island about 5 km from
Kakinada coast, makes Kakinada a natural Harbor. Prior to construction of
the deep water port, the old anchorage port operated for several decades as
the largest minor port in India. At present, both the deep water port and
older anchorage port operate side by side.

 Kakinada is relatively a younger city compared to other major cities in

Andhra pradesh. The city itself grew into prominence in the last 300 years
after the European settlers arrived here and the British made it an
administrative headquarters for the local area they ruled.

 Several theories exist regarding the origin of the name Kakinada. One
among is, the place was called 'Kakinandiwada' during the reign of Nandi
kings who ruled prior to the arrival of the Europeans. The name was
truncated to Kakinada over the passage of time. The British used to call it
Cocanada (for British pronunciation "Co Canada").
 After Independence, it was renaturalized to Kakinada, although a
few organisations established during the British colonial rule retain
the old name (e.g., Cocanada Chamber of Commerce). Even now,
the town's two railway stations are codenamed CCT (Cocanada
Town) and COA (Cocanada Port) by Indian Railways.

 The first European settlers in this port city were the Dutch, followed
by the British and then the missionaries of the Canadian Baptist
Mission in 1874.

 Kakinada is known as Second Madras. The original city that

includes the central business district is a well planned city that is
divided in several grids with main roads that are straight and are
parallel which run across the city.
 In the late 1940s (around the time of Indian Independence) there was
little industry in and around Kakinada and the local economy
consisted mainly of agricultural and fishing. Six decades later,
Kakinada's economy has a diverse Industrial base.
 Fertilizer Industry
Kakinada is often called the "Fertilizer City" of Andhra Pradesh. The
city is home to two Fertilizer companies. Nagarjuna Fertilizers is the
biggest Urea manufacturer in coastal Andhra. Another company,
Godavari Fertilizers owned by Murugappa Group, produces DAP
(Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate).
 Auto and Iron/Steel ancillary industries
There are several auto and iron/steel ancillary industries in Kakinada
which include Sri Ramadas Motor Transport Limited(SRMT) ,
Sri Bhavani Castings Ltd etc.
 Sugar Industry
The Murugappa Group-owned EID Parry (India) Ltd and Cargill
International SA have announced their plans to enter into a joint
venture to set up a port-based stand-alone sugar refinery in
Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh. EID Parry vice-chairman A Vellayan
said the investment was estimated at Rs 325 crore. The plant was
expected to be commissioned by December 2008, with an initial
refining capacity of 6 lakh tonnes and ultimately 1 million tonnes.
Reliance is also planning to set up a sugar mill.
 Petroleum Products
There is an LPG Bottling plant set up by Shri Shakti LPG Limited
Kakinada has been in the news recently after several oil companies
decided to use it as a transit point for oil and gas shipments.
BakerHughes Schlumberger are the examples of world class
companies that are working on oil fields in the city. The economic
value of these investments has increased considerably after the
recent gas finds by ONGC [Oil and Natural Gas Corporation],
Reliance in the Krishna Godavari basin.
 ONGC is currently working on setting up a refiner in Kakinada.
Reliance Gas Transportation Infrastructure Ltd (RGTIL), is
implementing a 1,440 km pipeline project from [Kakinada] to
Baruch (Gujarat) to transport gas from KG Basin fields owned by
Reliance.
 Edible Oil Refineries and Biofuel Plants
In 2002 several edible oil refineries established themselves in
Kakinada and the refining capacity has touched 3000 tons per day.
Kakinada port is facilitating the imports of crude palm oil, crude
soyabean oil. Kakinada is having an edible oil per day refining
capacity of more than 3000 MTS Major refineries are Acalmar Oils
& fats limited, Ruchi Infrastructure, Nikhil refineries ltd, etc.
The Vakalapudi Industrial park in Kakinada has attracted
investments worth over US$ 10 million from bio-diesel companies
such as Reliance Industries, Naturol Bioenergy and Universal Bio
Fuel. Andhra Pradesh has entered into a formal agreement with
Reliance Industries for Jatropha planting .
 The company has selected 200 acres (0.81 km2) of land at Kakinada to
grow jatropha for high quality bio-diesel fuel.
 Electronics Industry
Kakianada is home to the an electronic components manufacturing
company that started operations since 1977 called Andhra Electronics
Ltd.
 IT / ITeS Industry
Kakinada is one of the 4 tier-II cities in Andhra Pradesh where
Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) had setup a facility in
2007.About 12 companies are currently operating in Kakinada and
four of them were incubated in the STPI facility.
Currently, Infotech Enterprises, a Hyderabad based multinational
software company has opened a facility in the STPI, Kakinada in
February, 2007 with about 120 employees.
Apart from Infotech Enterprises, there are several small to mid-size
software companies that operate in Kakinada which include Aaspire
Technologies, Traceout Technologies, ForeTell Technologies Private
Limited, Nyros Technologies, 3One Technologies , Easty Solutions
etc.
 Avineon Inc, an US based technology company that provides
geospatial and engineering services, has announced in April, 2008
that it would set up a new facility at Kakinada that can accommodate
about 100 employees.
 Fishing and Aqua culture Industry
There are about 28 landing centers and also a large fishing wharf in
Kakinada. The area surrounding Kakinada is home to several aqua
farms. There are also several units that process and export fish,
shrimp and other marine products. Recognizing the importance of
fishing and aquaculture industry to the local economy, Andhra
Pradesh state government established a research and training center
on fisheries in 1958 called APSIFT (Andhra Pradesh State Institute of
Fisheries Technology) in Kakinada in cooperation with FAO. The
CIFE (Central Institute of Fisheries education), a deemed university
established by Indian government in 1961 has one of its three
campuses in India in Kakinada. The CIFE is the first fisheries
university in India and provides post-graduate education and training,
to in-service fisheries personnel not only from India but also many
African and Asian countries.
 Rice Mills
Several Rice mills exist in and around Kakinada and some of the rice
is exported to other countries. Of them SRI RAMALINGESWARA
RICE INDUSTRIES-Perikegudem is one of the Major Rice
Exporting company in Kakinada.
 Power Generation Industry
Spectrum Power Generation Ltd. has a 208MW Power plant at
kakinada. Very soon, Kakinada poised to have a floating power plant
(FPP). Industry major GMR Energy will be taking over the
prestigious 220 MW FPP at an estimated cost of Rs 600 crore. GMR
will supply power to the State power grid as per the terms and
conditions of the Government.
This city is also famous for its unique Kakinada Kaaja which
later was very popular not only in Andhra but also in far away
places like Bihar and U.P.. Kotiah Sweets (founded in the year
1900) is locally the most famous and possibly the earliest
known maker of Kakinada Kaaja, a sweet made from maida and
dipped in sugar syrup
The locals frequent the innumerable carts strategically located at
populous street corners to get their share of bhajis and a
delightfully tasty mixture of onions, toasted rice, and sev
(Pidatha Kindha Pappu).
Kakinada is also one of the few regions in the entire Andhra
Pradesh where Chekkarakeli aratipandu (banana) and Kothapalli
kobbari maamidipandu (mango) are available. Kakinada is also
famous for its delicious pesarattu, a breakfast or brunch item
formed into crepes from moong daal (pesara pappu), green
chillies, ginger and cumin. These are sold in restaurants as well
as street stalls.
KSPL LOGO
 Kakinada Deep Water Port was constructed with a quay length of 610
Meters by Government of Andhra Pradesh (Gov.AP) and it was
commissioned in November 1997
In line with national port privatization policy, Government of Andhra
Pradesh has given concession to operate Kakinada Deep Water Port
under OMST scheme on 16.12.1998.
 Kakinada Seaports Ltd started port operations from 01-04 -1999.
 As a Corporate philosophy, Kakinada Seaports Ltd has always
embraced Modern practices, Systems and Technology to Excel in Port
Management.
 Kakinada Seaports Ltd is ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001
Certified.
 Kakinada Sea Ports Limited is ISPS Certified Port.
 Vision of KSPL:
Focus on providing prompt, efficient, safe & integrated services to
customers while maintaining best of world class industry standards
with a commitment to socio economic development of the Nation.
Since year 2000 KSPL attending on supply support base services for
offshore exploration activities carried out from Kakinada Deep Water
Port. Continued support of satisfied customers port on East Coast of
India. RIL, ONGC, CAIRN, and GSPC has positioned Kakinada
Deep Water Port as the Oil exploration hub

 Management Tactics:
 TQM -Total quality management
 Teamwork & Innovative practices,
 Maintain Safety and Environment
 To deliver Value for money.
 Environment
 Green Belt developed through out Port Area.
 Continuous vacumming of work areas done to suppress dust by Vaccum Sweeper.
 Sprinkler systems provided around bulk cargo stocking areas inside port for dust
suppression.
 Approaches to berth & cargo operations area are wetted by road tankers to
improve work environment suppressing dust.

 Safety
 Kakinada Seaports is an ISPS compliant port.
 Round the clock safe manning of entry gates & port for cargo & users.
 Effective surveillance maintained through CCTVs covering the port.
 Photo ID passes & Biometric systems supporting verification of port users.
 Security launch carries out waterfront surveillance.
 Security
 Port is serviced by a well laid Fire line on the water front.
 Adequate FF measures deployed in covered warehouses.
 Inside open yards covered by water sprinkler system.
 North Berth designated for POL products is installed with Water
curtains & Remotely operated jets for Water & Foam usage.
 FF Measures from sea front is through FF system fitted to Tugs.
 Port safety is ensured by FF team who maintain 24 hrs watch keeping.
 A) Railways
 KDWP railway siding is under railway nomenclature "KSLK"
 Take off point : 4.124 Kms from Kakinada port railway station.
 Cargo sidings : 2 sidings outside customs port boundary

: 2 sidings inside customs port boundary

 Alumina : 1 siding for mechanical unloading
 Proposed: 1 siding with in- motion weighbridge behind 4th Berth.

 B) Alumina Handling Facility

 Railway unloading facility through BTAL wagons into hoppers
 Conveyor feed system from railway siding to storage Silos
 3 x 22,500 Mts storage silos for alumina powder.
 Conveyor feed from silos to ship loader.
 Ship loader on jetty capable of achieving 1500 Mts/ Hour load rate.
 C) Equipments
 Mobile Cranes : 2 Nos( 1 x 20T & 1 x 35T )
 Forklifts :10 Nos (2 to 3T).
 Mobile Harbour Crane : 1 x 100 Ts: 100T - Out sourced
 OSV Jetty Cranes : 4 x 40T at 29.5 mtrs outreach.
 Grabs : 5 Nos. Radio Remotely Operated - Outsourced
 D) Storages
A) Inside customs boundary of port:
Stacking Area available next to main jetty :
 Open Area : 5.7 Acres
 Closed Warehouse :6,700 Sqm ( 2nos)

Stacking Area behind main jetty

 Open Area : 136.0 Acres
 Closed Warehouse : 19,500 Sqm ( 4nos)
 B) Outside customs boundary of port:
Stacking Area outside
 Open Area : 30 Acres

 Pipeline Facilities
POL products
 i) 3 Lines - Industry lines of BPCL,HPCL & IOCL
 ii) 3 Lines - IMC, NCS, UPS

Vegetable oil
 i) 2 x 16" lines - Common Corridor from port With tap off by Ruchi, NCS, IMC &
Naturol terminals

 Tugs & Pilot Launch

 Harbour Tugs : 3 x 22 Ts Bollard pull

Jala Hamsa, Jala Kanya, Jala Tarangini

: 1 x 45 Ts Bollard Pull
Ocean Symphony
 Pilot Launch : 1 Nos - Bhima
 MANAGING DIRECTOR : SRI . K V RAO

 CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER : SRI . Y S PRASAD

 CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER : SRI . K V SEKHARA RAO

 DY . GENERAL MANAGER : CAPT JACOB SATYARAJU

(OPERATIONS)

 ASST GENERAL MANAGER

(BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT : MR . M . MURALI
&LOGISTICS) KRISHNA
 Navigational Channel
 Length : 7000 mtrs
 Width : 125 mtrs
 Depth : 12 mtrs
 Turning Circle : 350 mtrs
 Island Breakwater : 1050 mtrs
 Channel Buoys (Solar Powered) : 16
 Transit lights (Solar Powered) : 2 nos
 Beacon Lights : 2 nos
 I)  MAIN JETTY
Main Jetty has four cargo berths & one OSV berth
 Total length of quay (four berths) : 910 mtrs
 Total width of quay : 25 mtrs
 Length of OSV berth : 58 mtrs
 Width of OSV berth : 25 mtrs
 Permissible vessel dimensions at Main Jetty:
 Max LOA permissible : 190 mtrs
 Max Beam permissible : 32.40 mtrs
 Max permissible draught : 11.5 mtrs (on high tide)
 II)  OSV JETTY
 Two Finger Jetties : a) 4 x 90 mtrs
 with berthing faces : b) 2 x 40 mtrs
 Permissible dimensions:
 LOA permissible : 90 mtrs
 Beam permissibe : No restriction
 Permissible draught : 8.5 mtrs
 STS-Ship to Ship Transfer of Crude Oil
The distinction of catering to Navratna company M/S. Indian Oil
Corporation Ltd in their endeavor to meet ever increasing Crude oil
demand of India has been bringing in Crude oil in ULCC (Ultra Large
Crude Carriers) & VLCC (Very large Crude Carriers) off Kakinada
and lightering the cargo into smaller daughter tankers and delivering at
Chennia & Haldia.
KSPL has been catering to this STS (Ship to Ship) transfer operations
since 2001-02 for M/S. Indian Oil Corporation. The operation is
accomplished by experienced team of KSPL and conducive sea
conditions through out 12 months of the year.
 Major STS Clients:
 M/s. Indian Oil Company Ltd
 M/s. Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd
Oil & Gas Exploration - Supply Support Base :
 Since year 2000 KSPL attending on supply support base services for
offshore exploration activities carried out from Kakinada Deep Water
Port.
 Continued support of satisfied customers RIL, ONGC, CAIRN, and
GSPC has positioned Kakinada Deep Water Port as the Oil exploration
hub port on East Coast of India.
 The success of NELP - VI & VII has enhanced exploration activity in
K-G basin.
 Port provides Mobile Bulkers for supply of Bentonite, Barites & cement
 Navigation for Offshore supply vessels is round the clock.
 Pipe line supply of Bunkers & fresh water to OSVs facilitates quick
turnaround.
 The call of OSV is facilitated by standalone OSV supply base with Two
finger Jetties of 90 x 40 Meters.
 The availability of open & closed storages augments support activities
S. No. Import Item M.Tons
1. Ammonia 155,358
2. Ball Clay 12,110
3. Bitumen 8,636
4. Coal 1,030,725
5. Cement Clinker 130,780
6. Diesel 111,881
7. Drilling Equipment 2,329
8. Edible Oil 527,557
9. Fertilisers 1,056,389
10. Base Oil 876
11. Feldspar Oil 6,300
12. Hexane 2,007
13. Furnace Oil 36,429
14. Naphtha 31,998
15. Methanol 3,000
16. Phosphoric Acid 566,188
17. Project Cargo 1,439
18 Pulses 8,919
19. Rock Phospate 99,238
20. Sugar in Bags 45,125
21. Sulfuric Acid 24,961
TOTAL 3,862,245
S. No. Export Item M.Tons

1. Bentonite 86,470
2. Bio-Diesel 13,517
3. Drilling Equipment 2,344
4. Feldspar 45,260
5. Granite Blocks 378642
6. Iron Ore 1,217,890
7. Other-Misc 23
8. Steel 78,675
TOTAL EXPORTS 1,822,820
It is my second port visit in my MBA program. I observed a lot
in this Minor port of KAKINADA SEAPORTS LIMITED
(KSPL). I observed the following in the …
 When we entered into KSPL through its main entrance I found no. of
Granite blocks which were
 Ready for exporting to china.
 And then saw the back-up area in KSPL for future purpose. They are
creating backup area in the port by filling the water with sand.
 As per the explanation given by Mr. KAREEM Health&Safety Depot.
head in KSPL, KSPL is a MAN MADE PORT.
 The area of whole KSPL is 150 acres.
 From backup area we went near to CLOSED CONVEYOR BELT
operated by CHAKKINADU Services to its major client VEDANTA
ALLUMINIUM for shifting aluminum directly into the vessel.
 Near conveyor belt we also observed the RAILWAY SIDINGS in the
KSPL as a part of its infrastructure.