Basics of Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
Basics of Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
Basics of Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis
ANALYSIS
MEEN 5330
Presented
By
Chaitanya Vudutha
Parimal Nilangekar
Ravindranath Gouni
Satish Kumar Boppana
Albert Koether
Pages-28
Overview
Introduction
History of CFD
Basic concepts
CFD Process
Derivation of Navier-Stokes Duhem Equation
Example Problem
Applications
Conclusion
References
Introduction
What is CFD?
Prediction fluid flow with the complications of simultaneous
flow of heat, mass transfer, phase change, chemical reaction,
etc using computers
History of CFD
Since 1940s analytical solution to most fluid dynamics problems was
available for idealized solutions. Methods for solution of ODEs or PDEs were
conceived only on paper due to absence of personal computer.
Daimler Chrysler was the first company to use CFD in Automotive sector.
There are number of companies and software's in CFD field in the world.
Some software's by American companies are FLUENT, TIDAL, C-MOLD,
GASP, FLOTRAN, SPLASH, Tetrex, ViGPLOT, VGRID, etc.
BASIC CONCEPTS
Fluid Mechanics
Laminar Turbulent
4) Shear Strain
Compressible and Incompressible flow
A fluid flow is said to be compressible when
the pressure variation in the flow field is
large enough to cause substantial changes
in the density of fluid.
dqi 1 ~
f i p,i qi , jj
dt
Finite Element
method Ri=Equation residual at an element vertex
Q- Conservation equation expressed on element
basis
Ri i
e
W Qdv Wi= Weight Factor
Finite difference method
Q F G H
0
t x y z Q – Vector of conserved variables
F,G,H – Fluxes in the x ,y, z directions
( qi )
q i q j , j f i ji , j (1)
t
dqi qi 1
q j qi , j f i ji , j . (2)
dt t
DERIVATION (Cont’d)
dqi 1 ~
f i p,i qi , jj
dt
~ 2 ~
3
DERIVATION (Cont’d)
dqi 1 1 ~ ~
f i p ,i q j , ji qi , jj ,
dt 3
EXAMPLE PROBLEM
dqi 1 ~
q j qi , j f i p,i qi , jj
dt
1 ~
q j qi , j p,i qi , jj
SOLUTION (Cont’d)
qi 0 at y2 a
d 2 q1 dp
2
dy 2 dy1
SOLUTION (Cont’d)
q1
1 dp 2
2 dy1
y2 a 2
The results, assumptions and boundary conditions of this
problem in terms of, mathematical symbols are as follows:
Constant
fi 0 0 0
t y 3
q1
1 dp 2
2 dy1
y2 a 2
HOMEWORK PROBLEM
Streamlines in a vehicle without (left) and with rear center and B-pillar ventilation (right)
In above figure, influence of the rear center and B-pillar ventilation on the
rear passenger comfort is assessed. The streamlines marking the rear
center and B-pillar ventilation jets are colored in red. With the rear center
and B-pillar ventilation, the rear passengers are passed by more cool air. In
the system without rear center and B-pillar ventilation, the upper part of the
body, in particular chest and belly is too warm.
Conclusion
Nearer the conditions of the experiment to those which concern
the user, more closely the predictions agree with those data, the
greater is the reliance which can be prudently placed on the
predictions.
CFD iterative Methods like Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel Method are
used because the cost of direct methods is too high and
discretization error is larger than the accuracy of the computer
arithmetic.
Many software’s offer the possibility of solving fully nonlinear
coupled equations in a production environment.
In the future we can have a multidisciplinary, database linked
framework accessed from anywhere on demand simulations with
unprecedented detail and realism carried out in fast succession so
that designers and engineers anywhere in the world can discuss
and analyze new ideas and first principles driven virtual reality
References
1. Hoffmann, Klaus A, and Chiang, Steve.T “Computational fluid dynamics for
engineer’s” vol. I and vol. II
2. Rajesh Bhaskaran, Lance Collins “Introduction to CFD Basics”
3. http://www.cham.co.uk/website/new/cfdintro.htm accessed on 11/10/06.
4. Adapted from notes by: Tao Xing and Fred Stern, The University of Iowa.
5. http://www.cfd-online.com/Wiki/Historical_perspective accessed on
11/12/06.
6. Frederick and Chang,T.S.,”Continuum Mechanics”
7. http://navier-stokes-equations.search.ipupdate.com/
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_fluid_dynamics#Discretization_
method s, ”Discretization Methods”
9. McIlvenna P and Mossad R “Two Dimensional Transfer Chute Analysis
Using a Continuum Method”, Third International Conference on CFD in the
Minerals and Process Industries, Dec 2003.
10. Subramanian R.S. “Non-Newtonian Flows”.
11. Lohner R., Cebral J., Yand C., “Large Scale Fluid Structure Interaction
Simulations, IEEE June 2004”.
12. http://www.cd-adapco.com/press_room/dynamics/23/behr.html,“Predicting
Passenger Comfort
13. http://www.adl.gatech.edu/classes/lowspdaero/lospd2/lospd2.html, “Types
of Fluid Motion”
Thank You