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    Micro-Hydro Power Plant: Research Scholar Muhammad Naeem DEE161002

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    happyworry
    This document provides information about micro-hydro power systems. It discusses that micro-hydro plants produce 5-100 kW of power and have minimal environmental impact. It requires a water resource with head and flow. The document explains how to calculate head and flow, and measure them using various tools and methods. It also describes different types of turbines that can be used for high, medium, and low head systems. Finally, it presents several commercial micro-hydro turbine systems for different head and flow conditions.

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    Micro-Hydro Power Plant: Research Scholar Muhammad Naeem DEE161002

    Uploaded by

    happyworry
    15 views45 pages
    This document provides information about micro-hydro power systems. It discusses that micro-hydro plants produce 5-100 kW of power and have minimal environmental impact. It requires a water resource with head and flow. The document explains how to calculate head and flow, and measure them using various tools and methods. It also describes different types of turbines that can be used for high, medium, and low head systems. Finally, it presents several commercial micro-hydro turbine systems for different head and flow conditions.

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    Microhydro Power Plant Presentation

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    This document provides information about micro-hydro power systems. It discusses that micro-hydro plants produce 5-100 kW of power and have minimal environmental impact. It requires a water resource with head and flow. The document explains how to calculate head and flow, and measure them using various tools and methods. It also describes different types of turbines that can be used for high, medium, and low head systems. Finally, it presents several commercial micro-hydro turbine systems for different head and flow conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    15 views45 pages

    Micro-Hydro Power Plant: Research Scholar Muhammad Naeem DEE161002

    Uploaded by

    happyworry
    This document provides information about micro-hydro power systems. It discusses that micro-hydro plants produce 5-100 kW of power and have minimal environmental impact. It requires a water resource with head and flow. The document explains how to calculate head and flow, and measure them using various tools and methods. It also describes different types of turbines that can be used for high, medium, and low head systems. Finally, it presents several commercial micro-hydro turbine systems for different head and flow conditions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 45

    MICRO-HYDRO

    POWER PLANT
    Research Scholar
    Muhammad Naeem
    DEE161002
    HYDRO, DRIVEN BY SOLAR POWER
    Most of the
    global hydro
    power is
    produced by
    large-scale
    hydroelectric
    plants
    MICRO-HYDRO PLANTS
    •Produces power from 5 kW to
    100 kW
    •Minimum environmental impact
    •Site specific: must have the
    resource
    •Affordable.
    •Consistent: Produces
    continuously, 24/7
    WE DON’T
    NEED A
    RIVER, JUST
    SOME
    FALLING
    WATER
    TWO THINGS ARE REQUIRED TO MAKE POWER
    HEAD AND FLOW
    HEAD AND FLOW
    Head is the change in water levels
    between intake and discharge point

    Flow rate is the number of gallons per


    minute
    GROSS POWER CALCULATIONS
    Power output is proportional to the
    combination of head and flow

    •  

    The equation assumes a turbine efficiency


    of 53%. Actual efficiency varies with
    conditions.
    MEASURING HEAD
    HOSE TUBE METHOD
    PRESSURE GAUGE METHOD

    ••  HOSE
    WITH PRESSURE
    GAUGE AT THE BOTTOM
    2.31 FEET = 1 PSI
    • THIS GAUGE READS 38
    PSI
    MODERN TOOLS

    • GPS, ALTIMETER, TOPO


    MAP
    • DIFFERENCE IN ELEVATION
    READINGS
    TYPES OF HEAD

    • HIGH HEAD:
    ABOVE 300 METERS
    • MEDIUM HEAD:
    30 TO 300 METERS
    • LOW HEAD:
    BELOW 30 METERS
    MEASURING FLOW
    5 GALLON BUCKET
    5 GALLON BUCKET

    • IF THE MEASURED FLOW USING A 5 GALLON


    BUCKET AND A STOP WATCH WAS 5 GALLONS
    IN 1.5 SECONDS, HOW MANY GPM WOULD
    THIS BE?
    5 gal 60 sec
      200GPM
    1.5 sec 1 min
    FLOAT METHOD
    FLOW (FT3/S) = VELOCITY (FT/S) X CROSS SECTIONAL AREA (FT 2)
    FLOAT METHOD
    SO, IF THESE GUYS MEASURE
    THIS 3’ WIDE STREAM AND GET
    AN AVERAGE DEPTH OF 8” AND
    IT TAKES AN ORANGE AN
    AVERAGE 5 SECONDS TO GO 10
    FEET, WHAT IS THE FLOW IN
    GPM?
    Area = 3’ x 8” x (1’/12”) =
    2 ft2
    Velocity = 10 ft/5 s = 2 ft/s
    Flow = 2 ft2 x 2 ft/ s = 4
    ft3/s
    4 ft3/s x 7.48 gal/1 ft3 x
    60s/1 min = 1795 gpm
    Correct for friction, 1795
    WEIR METHOD
    • FOR LARGER FLOWS
    OR MORE ACCURATE
    MEASUREMENTS
    • SMALL
    • V-NOTCH

    • LARGER
    • RECTANGULAR

    • ALL YOU NEED IS


    DEPTH AND THE TABLE
    V-NOTCH WEIR
    RECTANGULAR WEIR
    PENSTOCK “THE PIPE”
    THE INTAKE
    DIVERTING CLEAN WATER INTO THE
    PENSTOCK
    Screen
    Steam Flow

    The intake’s job:


    Filter and
    Settle

    Start of Penstock Build it either:


    Simple and
    easy to repair
    Or
    Bullet-proof
    THE INTAKE
    Steam Flow DIVERTING CLEAN WATER INTO THE
    PENSTOCK
    Overflow

    A dirty
    creek
    may
    need
    more
    settling
    time

    Screen Start of Penstock


    PENSTOCK
    A full pipe; delivering clean water to the turbine
    PIPE CAN BE A CONSIDERABLE
    COST
    …UP TO 40%
    NOZZLES
    NOZZLES

    THE FLOWRATE
    FROM THE
    PENSTOCK IS
    CONTROLLED BY
    PROPERLY SIZING
    THE NOZZLE(S) AT
    THE TURBINE.
    TURBINES

    Turbines can be of many forms.


    Listed are a few of the major types.

      High head Medium head Low head


    Impulse turbines Pelton cross-flow cross-flow
    Turgo multi-jet Pelton
    Turgo
    Reaction  Francis propeller
    turbines Pump-as-turbine Kaplan
    (PAT)
    PELTON AND TURGO
    IMPULSE – JET OF WATER

    4
    “
    Banki and Crossflow
    Impulse – sheet of water
    Crossflow

    Bank
    i
    Francis
    Reaction Turbines
    Submerged in the flow;
    driven by the pressure
    differential

    Kaplan

    http://www.toshiba.co.jp/f-ene/hydro/english/products/equipment/index01_2.htm
    http://www.waterwheelfactory.com/francis.htm
    Turbines are turned by water.
    That turning motion drives a
    generator which produced electricity.
    COMMERCIAL MICRO
    TURBINES
    HARRIS HYDRO
    • EFFICIENT, DURABLE,
    BATTERY CHARGING
    PELTON TURBINE WITH AN
    ADJUSTABLE PERMANENT

    MAGNET GENERATOR.

    • 20-600 FEET OF HEAD

    • 2-250 GPM OF FLOW


    ENERGY SYSTEMS &
    • STREAM ENGINE DESIGN
    • BRUSHLESS, PERMANENT MAGNET
    ALTERNATOR WHICH IS ADJUSTABLE

    • CAPABLE OF OUTPUTS OVER 1 KILOWATT

    • HEADS FROM 6 TO 300 FEET.

    • EQUIPPED WITH A RUGGED BRONZE


    TURGO WHEEL, UNIVERSAL NOZZLES
    (ADAPTABLE TO SIZING FROM 1/8 TO1
    INCH), AND A DIGITAL MULTIMETER
    WHICH IS USED TO MEASURE OUTPUT
    CURRENT.
    WWW.MICROHYDROPOWER.COM
    HYDRO INDUCTION POWER
    • GOOD FOR LONG WIRE RUNS, 60' - 500' HEAD, 10 - 600 GPM
    • THE UNITS PRODUCE 3-PHASE 120V, 240V, OR 480V 'WILD'
    (UNREGULATED) AC, WHICH IS THEN STEPPED DOWN TO BATTERY
    VOLTAGE.
    • THE HEAVY-DUTY BRUSHLESS ALTERNATOR IS HOUSED ON THE
    HARRIS HOUSING
    • USES THE HARRIS BRONZE PELTON WHEEL FOR FLOWS UP TO 200
    GPM AND THE BRONZE TURGO RUNNER FOR FLOWS OF 200 TO
    600 GPM.

    WWW.HIPOWERHYDRO.COM
    HYDRO INDUCTION POWER
    • NOW OFFER A NEW LOW
    VOLTAGE (12V/24V),
    BRUSHLESS UNIT (48V COMING
    IN 2006).
    • IT CAN GENERATE EITHER 12V
    OR 24V WITH PRESSURES
    FROM 20PSI TO 150PSI (46' -
    400'). ABOVE THIS PRESSURE,
    IT WILL GENERATE 48V.

    WWW.HOMEHYDRO.COM
    POWERPAL
    • LOW HEAD MODEL
    • A SIMPLE AC SINGLE-PHASE,
    BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET
    ALTERNATOR IS ATTACHED TO A
    PROPELLER TURBINE.
    • ELECTRICITY PASSES ALONG A
    WIRE AND INTO A HOUSE, WHERE
    AN ELECTRONIC LOAD
    CONTROLLER STABILIZES THE
    VOLTAGE TO 110V OR 220V TO
    PROTECT ELECTRICAL
    APPLIANCES DURING USE. The 200 watt unit
    • MANY MODELS AVAILABLE (SEE needs 550 gallons per
    CHART, NEXT SLIDE) minute

    WWW.POWERPAL.COM
    MHG-200LH MHG-500LH MHG-1000LH
    Water head (ft) 4.92 4.92 4.92
    Water flow (gpm) 555 1110 2061
    Output Power 200W 500W 1000W
    POWERPAL
    • HIGH HEAD MODEL
    • THE SAME AC SINGLE-PHASE,
    BRUSHLESS PMT ALTERNATOR THAT
    IS USED FOR THE LOW HEAD
    SERIES IS USED HERE AND
    ATTACHED TO A TURGO TURBINE.
    • ALSO COMES WITH AN ELECTRONIC
    LOAD CONTROLLER (ELC)
    WWW.POWERPAL.COM

    MHG- MHG-
    200HH   500HH      
    Water head (ft) 16.4 19.68 22.96 26.24 29.52 32.8 36.08
    Water flow 
    (gpm) 100 101 117 125 133 141 144
       
    Output Power 160w 200w 275w 325w 390w 460w 520w
    CANYON HYDRO
    • SERIOUS ENGINEERING

    100 KW Canyon Crossflow

    Canyon 751 Canyon 2435


      gpm KW   gpm KW  
    166
    50 139 1 5 12
    241
    100 197 3 5 36
    333
    200 277 8 5 101
    408
    300 340 15 4 185

    www.canyonhydro.com
    ALTERNATIVE POWER &
    MACHINE
    • ECONOMY MODELS
    • PERMANENT MAGNET UNITS
    • ACCESSORIES
    • EXERCISE BICYCLE TYPE
    BATTERY CHARGERS, ETC.
    • NICHE: EASE OF
    MAINTENANCE AND
    ADJUSTMENT

    WWW.APMHYDRO.COM
    MAKE YOUR OWN

    WWW.OTHERPOWER.COM
    MAKE YOUR OWN
    THANK
    S

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