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    Prof. Neeraj - Ashwani Pal - Deepti Tripathi - Deepti Yadav - Mayank Vishwakarma

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    Mayank Vishwakarma
    The document discusses three main types of research design: 1. Exploratory research is used when researchers lack a clear understanding of problems and helps develop concepts and establish priorities before further research. 2. Descriptive research assumes prior knowledge of the problem and aims to describe characteristics. It is pre-planned and can integrate qualitative and quantitative data collection. 3. Experimental research tests hypotheses by manipulating variables and reaching conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships through a conceptual framework. It can be further categorized into informal and formal experimental designs.

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    Prof. Neeraj - Ashwani Pal - Deepti Tripathi - Deepti Yadav - Mayank Vishwakarma

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Vishwakarma
    37 views20 pages
    The document discusses three main types of research design: 1. Exploratory research is used when researchers lack a clear understanding of problems and helps develop concepts and establish priorities before further research. 2. Descriptive research assumes prior knowledge of the problem and aims to describe characteristics. It is pre-planned and can integrate qualitative and quantitative data collection. 3. Experimental research tests hypotheses by manipulating variables and reaching conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships through a conceptual framework. It can be further categorized into informal and formal experimental designs.

    Original Description:

    in this topic, we clover---- 1. what is research? 2. research process 3. research design

    Original Title

    Research Methodology

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    The document discusses three main types of research design: 1. Exploratory research is used when researchers lack a clear understanding of problems and helps develop concepts and establish priorities before further research. 2. Descriptive research assumes prior knowledge of the problem and aims to describe characteristics. It is pre-planned and can integrate qualitative and quantitative data collection. 3. Experimental research tests hypotheses by manipulating variables and reaching conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships through a conceptual framework. It can be further categorized into informal and formal experimental designs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    37 views20 pages

    Prof. Neeraj - Ashwani Pal - Deepti Tripathi - Deepti Yadav - Mayank Vishwakarma

    Uploaded by

    Mayank Vishwakarma
    The document discusses three main types of research design: 1. Exploratory research is used when researchers lack a clear understanding of problems and helps develop concepts and establish priorities before further research. 2. Descriptive research assumes prior knowledge of the problem and aims to describe characteristics. It is pre-planned and can integrate qualitative and quantitative data collection. 3. Experimental research tests hypotheses by manipulating variables and reaching conclusions about cause-and-effect relationships through a conceptual framework. It can be further categorized into informal and formal experimental designs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Prof.

    Neeraj Ashwani Pal


    Deepti Tripathi
    Deepti Yadav
    Mayank Vishwakarma
    Research
    Research Process
    Research Design
    Meaning of Research Design
    Types of Research
    i. Exploratory Research Design
    ii. Descriptive Research Design
    iii. Experimental Research Design
    The process of gathering
    information for the purpose of
    initiating, modifying or terminating
    a particular investment or group of
    investments.
    Research process consists of series
    of actions or steps necessary to
    effectively carry out research and
    the desired sequencing of these steps.
    ff

    Define
    Review the Formulation Design
    research Collect data
    literature of Objective research
    problem

    f
    ff

    Interpret
    Analyse data
    and report

    Where f = feed back(helps in controlling the sub system


    ff= feed forward(serves the vital function of providing criteria for evaluation
    Task of defining the research
    problem is the preparation of the
    research project, popularly known as
    the research design".
    Decisions regarding what, where,
    when, how much, by what means
    concerning an inquiry or a research
    study constitute a research design.
    A research design is the
    arrangement of conditions for
    collection and analysis of data in a
    manner that aims to combine
    relevance to the research purpose
    with economy in procedure.
    Exploration is particularly useful
    when researches lack a clear idea of
    the problems they will meet during
    the study.
    Through exploration the researchers
    develop concepts more clearly,
    establish priorities, develop
    operational definitions, and improve
    the final research design.
    Advantages of Exploratory Research:-

    Flexibility and adaptability to change


    Exploratory research is effective in laying
    the groundwork that will lead to future
    studies.
    This types of studies can potentially save
    time and other resources by determining
    the types of research that is are worth
    pursuing at the earlier stages.
    Disadvantages of Exploratory Research:-

    Exploratory studies generate qualitative


    information and interpretation of such
    type of information is subject to bias
    These types of studies usually make use of
    a modest number of samples that may
    not adequately represent the target
    population
    Descriptive research assumes that the
    researcher has much prior knowledge
    about the problem situation. In fact, a
    major difference between exploratory and
    descriptive research is that descriptive
    research is characterized by prior
    formulation of specific hypotheses. Thus
    the information needed is clearly defined.
    As a result, descriptive research is pre
    planned and structured.
    Advantages of Descriptive Research:-

    Effective to analyse non-quantified


    topics and issues
    The possibility to observe the
    phenomenon in a completely natural
    and unchanged natural environment
    The opportunity to integrate the
    qualitative and quantitative methods
    of data collection
    Disadvantages of Descriptive Research:-

    Descriptive studies cannot test or


    verify the research problem
    statistically
    Research results may reflect certain
    level of bias due to the absence of
    statistical tests
    The majority of descriptive studies
    are not repeatable due to their
    observational nature
    Experimental design is a blueprint
    of the procedure that enables the
    researcher to test his hypothesis by
    reaching valid conclusions about
    relationships between independent
    and dependent variables. It refers to
    the conceptual framework within
    which the experiment is conducted.
    This research design can be further categorized
    into the following

    1. Informal experimental design


    After only design.
    After only with control design.
    Before and after without control design.
    Before and after with control design.

    2. Formal experimental design


    Completely randomized design.
    Randomized block design.
    Latin square design.
    Factorial design.

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