Fathima Sisini Final Year Part One

FATHIMA SISINI
FINAL YEAR PART ONE

DEFINITION
Anchorage in orthodontics as the
nature and degree of resistance
to displacement offered by an
anatomic unit for the purpose of
tooth movement. (GRABER)
Anchorage is the site of delivary
from which force is exerted(White
and Gardnier)
CLASSIFICATION(MOYERS)
ACCORDING TO MANNER OF FORCE APPLICATION
SIMPLE STATIONARY RECIPROCAL

ACCORDING TO JAWS INVOLVED
INTER MAXILLARY INTRA MAXILLARY

ACCORDING TO SITE
INTRA 0RAL EXRAORAL MUSCULAR

CLASSIFICATION cntd.
INTRA ORAL;-TEETH,ALVEOLAR BONE,BASAL BONE
EXTRA ORAL;-CERVICAL,OCCIPITAL,CRANIAL,FACIAL
MUSCULAR
According to number of anchorage
units;-single or
primary,compound,multiple or
reinforced
INTRA ORAL ANCHORAGES
1) teeth
2)alveolar bone
3)basal bone
4)musculature
TEETH
WHEN ONE TEETH MOVES THE OTHERS CAN

ACT AS ANCHORAGE UNITS,IT DEPENDS ON
-ROOT FORM
-ROOT SIZE
-NO OF ROOTS
-ROOT LENGTH
-ROOT INCLINATION
ROOT FORM
FLAT-RESIST MOVEMENTS IN MESIO-DISTAL
DIRECTION,BUT LITTLE RESISTANCE
BUCCOLINGUALLY
EG;-MANDIBULAR INCISORS AND MOLARS,BUCCAL ROOT OF MAXILLARY
MOLARS
ROUND:-RESIST HORIZONTALLY DIRECTED FORCE IN
ANY DIRECTION
EG;-BICUSPID,PALATAL ROOT OF UPPER MOLARS
TRIANGULAR;-MAXIMUM ANCHORAGE
EG;-CUSPIDS,MAXILLARY CENTRALS AND LATERALS
SIZE AND NUMBER OF ROOTS
MULTIROOTED TEETH HAVING THE MAXIMUM SIZE
HAVE MAX. ANCHORAGE
ROOT LENGTH;-DIRECTLY PROPOTIONAL TO
ANCHORAGE
AXIAL INCLINATION;-ANCHORAGE IS MORE
WHEN FORCE EXERTED IS OPPOSITE TO THAT OF AXIS
OF INCLINATION OF TEETH
ANKYLOSED TEETH;-NO PDL, SO NO
MOVEMENT-EXCELLENT ANCHORAGE
ALVEOLAR BONE
ALVEOLAR BONE RESIST TOOTH MOVEMENT
UP TO ITS LIMIT,BEYOND THAT IT ALLOW
TOOTH MOVEMENT BY REMODELLING
HEALTHY ALVEOLAR BONE-MORE
ANCHORAGE
BASAL BONE
CERTAIN AREAS ACT AS RESISTANCE AREAS-
PROVIDE GOOD ANCHORAGE-HARD
PALATE,LINGUAL SURFACE OF MANDIBLE
MUSCULATURE
HYPERTONIC LABIAL MUSCULATURE USED
FOR ANCHORAGE IN LIP BUMPER
EXTRA ORAL
1)CRANIUM(OCCIPITAL OR PARIETAL ANCHORAGE:-
ANCHORAGE OBTAINED FROM OCCPITAL OR PARIETAL BONE
EG:-HEAD GEAR TO RESTRICT MAXILLARY GROWTH
2)CERVICAL:-ANCHORAGE FROM CERVICAL OR NECK REGION
EG:-CERVICAL HEAD GEAR
3)FACIAL BONES:-FACE MASK USED TO PROTRACT MAXILLA
TAKE ANCHORAGE FROM MANDIBULAR SYMPHYSIS
REVERSE HEAD GEARS TAKE ANCHORAGE FROM FOR HEAD
AND CHIN
SIMPLE ANCHORAGE
IS THE DENTAL ANCHORAGE SUCH THAT MANNER AND
APPLICATION OF FORCE IS SUCH THAT IT TENDS TO CHANGE
THE AXIAL INCLINATION OF THE TEETH
THE RESISTANCE OF ANCHORAGE UNITS TO TIPPING IS USED
TO MOVE OTHER TEETH
THE COMBINED ROOT SURFACE AREA OF THE ANCHORAGE
UNIT MUST BE DOUBLE TO THAT OF TEETH TO BE MOVED
EG:-PALATALY PLACED PREMOLAR IS PUSHED IN TO THE ARCH
BY REST OF THE TEETH AS ANCHOR UNITS
STATIONARY ANCHORAGE
MANNER AND APPLICATION OF
FORCE TEND TO DISPLACE THE
ANCHORAGE UNIT
RESISTANCE PROVIDED BY THE
ANCHORAGE UNITS IS AGAINST
BODILY
MOVEMENTS(DISPLACEMENT)
RECIPROCAL ANCHORAGE
RESISTANCE OFFERED BY TWO MALPOSED
UNITS WHEN THE APPLICATION OF TWO
EQUAL AND OPPOSITE FORCES TEND TO
MOVE EACH UNIT TO A MORE NORMAL
POSITION
EG:-CLOSURE OF MIDLINE DIASTEMA
CROSS BITE ELASTICS,EXPANSION APPLIANCES
INTRA MAXILLARY ANCHORAGE
TEETH ARE TO BE MOVED AND THE
ANCHORAGE UNITS ARE IN THE SAME ARCH
INTER MAXILLARY ANCHORAGE
TEETH ARE TO BE MOVED IN ONE ARCH AND
RESISTRANCE UNITS ARE IN OPPOSITE ARCH
EG:-CLASS II ,CLASS III ELASTICS
SINGLE OR PRIMARY ANCHORAGE
SINGLE TEETH WITH MORE ALVEOLAR
SUPPORT USED TO MOVE ONE WITH LESSER
SUPPORT
COMPOUND ANCHORAGE
ANCHORAGE PROVIDED BY MORE THAN ONE
TEETH WITH GREAT SUPPORT TO MOVE
TOOTH WITH LESS SUPPORT
REINFORCED ANCHORAGE
MORE THAN ONE TYPE OF RESISTANCE UNIT IS
UTILIZED
EG:-A)TO AUGMENT THE INTRA ORAL ANCHORAGE,
EXTRA ORAL ANCHORAGES TRANS PALATAL
ARCH,AND LINGUAL ARCHES IS USED
B)UPPER ANTERIOR INCLINED PLANE USED FOR
FORWARD MOVEMENT OF MANDIBLE USES
MUSCULAR ANCHORAGES
MINI DENTAL IMPLANTS
USED IN PATIENTS HAVING MULTIPLE LOST TEETH OR
HYPODONTIA OR TO AUGMENT TEETH WITH
PERIODONTAL DISEASES
CLASSIFICATION
-ACCORDING TO EXPOSURE OF HEAD:-
OPEN-HEAD IS EXPOSED TO ORAL CAVITY-USED WHEN SOFT
TISSUES ARE NOT MOVABLE
CLOSED-EMBEDED UNDER SOFT TISSUES-MOVABLE TISSUES
ACCORDING TO IMPLANT PLACEMENT
1)SELF TAPPING METHOD:-IMPLANT TAPPED IN TO A
PREVIOUSLY DRILLED HOLE-SMALLER DIAMETER
IMPLANTS
2)SELF DRILLING METHOD:-IMPLANT IS ITSELF DRILLED
IN TO THE BONE-LARGER DIAMETER IMPLANT
ACCORDING TO THE PATH OF INSERTION:-
1)OBLIQUE;-30=60DEGREES TO LONG AXIS OF TEETH-
WHERE INTER RADICULAR BONE IS NARROW
2)PERPENDICULAR;-INSERTED PERPENDICULAR TO THE
BONE SURFACE-WHEN SUFFICIENT INTER RADICULAR
BONE PRESENT
SITE OF PLACEMENT OF MICRO
IMPLANTS
1)MAXILLARY 1)MAXILLRY
TUBEROCITY POSTERIORS
2)INFRA ZYGOMATIC 2)RETRACTION OF
CREST MAX.ANTERIORS
&INTRUSION OF
MAX.POSTERIORS
3)BUCALLY B/W MAX 6 3)SAME AS ABOVE
&7
4)BUCALLY B/W MAX 4)SAME AS ABOVE &TO
5&6 TIP BUCALLY
5)BUCALLY B/W MAX 5)DISTAL &MESIAL
3&4 MVMT OF
MAX.MOLARS AND
INTRUSION OF MAX
BUCCAL TEETH
6)LABIALLY B/W MAX.
CENTRALS 6)INTRUSION AND
TORQUE CONTROL OF
INCISORS
7)PALATALLY B/W MAX 7)RETRACTION OF MAX
5&6 ANTERIORS AND
INTRUSION OF MAX
MOLARS
SITES IN MANDIBLE
1)RETROMOLAR PADS 1)UPRIGHTING&RETRACTIO
N OF MAND.TEETH
2)BUCALLY B/W MAND. 6&7 2)INTRUSION &DISTAL
MVMT OF MAND
MOLARS,RETRACTION OF
MAND.ANTERIORS
3)BUCALLY B/W 4&5 3)SAME AS ABOVE
4)BUCALLY B/W 3&4 4)PROTRACTION OF
5)MADIBULAR SYMPHYSIS MOLARS
5)INTRUSION OF
MANDIBULAR ANTERIORS
ANCHORAGE PLANNING
FACTORS AFFECTING ARE:-
1)NO; OF TEETH BEING MOVED:-TO MOVE GREATER NO;OF
TEETH, ANCHORAGE SHOULD BE MORE
2)TYPE OF TEETH:-TEETH HAVING MORE SURFACE AREA
REQUIRE MORE ANCHORAGE
3)TYPE OF MOVEMENT:-BODILY MOVEMENT REQUIRE MORE
ANCHORAGE
4)DURATION:-PROLONGED TREATMENTS REQUIRE GOOD
ANCHORAGE
5)SKELETAL GROWTH PATTERN:-
A)VERTICAL-REQUIRE MORE ANCHORAGE DUE TO POOR
TONICITY OF FACIAL MUSCLES
B)HORIZONTAL-VICE VERSA
6)OCCLUSAL INTERLOCK:-GOOD OCCLUSION=GOOD
ANCHORAGE
ANCHORAGE LOSS:-UNWANTED TOOTH
MOVEMENTS DURING ORTHODONTIC THERAPY
BASED ON THE ANCHORAGE LOSS THE
ANCHORAGE DEMAND OF THE EXTRACTION CASES
ARE OF THREE TYPES
MAXIMUM,MODERATE,MINIMUM
MAXIMUM ANCHORAGE CASES
ANCHORAGE DEMAND IS VERY HIGH
NOT MORE THAN 1/4TH OF THE EXTRACTION
PLACE SHOULD BE LOST BY ANCHORAGE LOSS
SO AUGMENTATION OF ANCHOR TEETH
REQUIRED
MODERATE ANCHORAGE CASES
ANCHORAGE LOSS 1/2TH TO 1/4TH OF
EXTRACTION SPACE
MINIMUM ANCHORAGE CASES
ANCHORAGE LOSS CAN BE MORE THAN 1/2TH
OF EXTRACTION SPACE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXT BOOK OF ORTHODONTICS-S I
BHALAJI,PROFET
WWW.FUNNYTOOTH.COM
WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM

Fathima Sisini Final Year Part One

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fathima Sisini Final Year Part One

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Fathima Sisini Final Year Part One

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

FATHIMA SISINI

FINAL YEAR PART ONE

SIMPLE STATIONARY RECIPROCAL

INTER MAXILLARY INTRA MAXILLARY

INTRA 0RAL EXRAORAL MUSCULAR

WHEN ONE TEETH MOVES THE OTHERS CAN

You might also like