Carbon Nanotubes (CNTS) : Presented by

Carbon Nanotubes(CNTs)
Presented By
NISAR ALI KHAN

2K15-UET/PhD-CE-89
1
Table Of Content
Nano Technology
What is this science?
Nano Particle
What are they?
Carbon Nanotubes
2
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology is related with the
production and the reactions
of nanoparticles and their compounds.
This study the synthesis and analysis of materials
in the nanoscale range (1-100 nanometers). This
science use methodologies from the synthetic
chemistry and the material's chemistry.
3
For Example
Nano Technology in Medicine
Nano Technology in Electronics
Nano Technology in Cosmetics
Nano Technology in Civil Engineering
And in energy, optical engineering, defense and

security, nanobio technology, nano devices, nano
4
fabrics, bio, civil engineering and many others.
Nanoparticles are particles between 1
and 100 nanometers in size.
One nanometer corresponds
to five atoms side by side.
OR
An apple compared to earth.
OR
Earth compared to this
galaxy(milky way).
OR
Galaxy compared to this
universe.
5
History of CNTs
In 1970 Morinobu Endo first grew carbon
fibers about 7 nm in diameter during PhD
studies at the University of Orleans in France.
Filaments were not recognized as nanotubes and
were not studied.
But
In 1991 Sumio Iijima at NEC Laboratory in
Tsukuba observed carbon nanotubes for first
time.
And from here it came to know.
6
Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are
allotropes of carbon with
a cylindrical nanostructure. These
cylindrical carbon molecules have
unusual properties, which are
valuable for
nanotechnology, electronics, optics
and other fields of materials
science and technology.
7
Types of Carbon nanotubes
Classified mainly into two types:
1. Single Walled NanoTubes(SWNT)
Single-wall nanotubes (SWNT) are tubes of graphite, which is
rolled into a cylinder.
8
2. Multi Walled
NanoTubes(MWNT)
Multi-wall nanotubes can
appear either in the form of a
coaxial assembly of
SWNT similar to a coaxial
cable, or as a single sheet of
graphite rolled into the shape
of a scroll.Structure of MWNT
is less well understood because
of its greater complexity and
variety.
9
How nanotubes are made?
They can be made by
following method
like:
Arc discharge
Laser Ablation
Chemical Vapor
Decomposition
Natural, incidental
and controlled flame
10environments
Arc Discharge
An electric arc, or arc
discharge, is an electrical
breakdown of a gas that
makes insulator medium
conductive.
Nanotubes were observed in
1991 firstly by this method.
The yield both single- and
multi-walled nanotubes.
11
Chemical vapor deposition
Chemical vapor
deposition (CVD) is the
most popular method of
producing CNTs nowadays.
Chemical vapor deposition
(CVD) is a versatile process
in which gas-phase
molecules are decomposed
to reactive species, leading
to film or particle growth.
12
Laser Ablation
Laser ablation is the process of
removing material from a solid
surface by irradiating it with
a laser beam.
The laser ablation method primarily
single-walled carbon nanotubes with
a controllable diameter determined
by the reaction temperature.
However, it is more expensive than
either arc discharge or chemical
vapor deposition.
13
Natural, incidental, and controlled
flame environments
Carbon nanotubes are not necessarily products of
high-tech laboratories; they are commonly formed
in environment. However, these naturally
occurring varieties can be highly irregular in size
and quality because the environment in which they
are produced is often highly uncontrolled. Thus,
they can lack in the high degree of uniformity
necessary to satisfy the many needs of both
research and industry.
14
Properties of CNTs
Strength
Transport Electrical
Thermal
15
Strength Properties
Carbon nanotubes have the strongest tensile
strength and highest modulus of elasticity than any
material known.
A nanotube with cross section 1 square millimeter
can lift up more than 6000kg weight.
Material Strength(TPa)
CNTs 1
Kevlar 0.13
Stainless Steel 0.2
Glass 0.07/0.08
16
Electrical Properties
Carbon nanotubes can be
conductor, insulator and
semiconductor
depending on the type of
CNT.
Metallic nanotubes can
carry an electrical
current density of 4109
A/cm2 which is more
than 1,000 times greater
than metals such as
17
copper.
Thermal Properties
Carbon nanotubes can transmit up to 6000
watts per meter per Kelvin at room
temperature; compare this to copper, a metal
well-known for its good thermal
conductivity, which transmits 385 watts per
meter per K.
The temperature stability of carbon
18
nanotubes is estimated to be up to 2800oC.
One dimensional transport
Electron transport in carbon nanotubes will only
propagate along the axis of the tube. Because of
this special transport property, carbon nanotubes
are frequently referred to as one-dimensional.
19
Applications
In Electrical and
electronics: Nanotubes hold
the promise of creating novel
devices, such as carbon-based
single-electron transistors, that
significantly smaller than
conventional transistors. These
maybe used for the fabrication
of the next generation of
energy storage, super
capacitors, field emission
transistors, solar cell, and
20 biomedical devices and
In medicine:
applications are in bone tissue
engineering,
fluorescent and photoacoustic imaging
and biosensors etc.
In Composite materials:
mixtures, yarns, alloys, coating and films
etc.
In Microelectronics
Transistor, solar cells
and thermal management etc.
In Chemical
Desalination, filters
and nanowires etc.
And many other mechanical and
optical applications
21
CNTs Used in Civil Engineering
. The addition of small amounts
(1%) of carbon nanotubes can
improve the mechanical properties
of mixture samples of portland
cement and water. Oxidized multi-
walled nanotubes show the best
improvements both in compressive
strength and flexural strength
compared to the reference samples.
22
BENEFITS OF NANOMATERIALS IN
CONCRETE
Well-dispersed nano-particles increase the
viscosity of the liquid phase helping to suspend
the cement grains and aggregates, improving
the segregation resistance and workability of
the system;
Nano-particles fill the voids between cement
grains, resulting in the immobilization of free
water (filler effect);
Well-dispersed nano-particles act as centers of
crystallization of cement hydrates, therefore
accelerating the hydration;
23
BENEFITS OF NANOMATERIALS IN
CONCRETE
Nano-particles improve the structure of
the aggregates contact zone, resulting
in a better bond between aggregates and
cement paste;
Crack arrest and interlocking effects
between the slip planes provided by
nanoparticles improve the toughness,
shear, tensile and flexural strength of
cement based materials.
24
Future Of CNTs
These tiny tubes have big future. Research on their
chemistry is continued.
25
Summary
Nanotechnology Nanoparticles CNTs

Study and Future particles Have many
synthesize of Have wide properties
nanoparticles applications Very applied scope
26
27

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTS) : Presented by

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTS) : Presented by

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Carbon Nanotubes (CNTS) : Presented by

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Carbon Nanotubes(CNTs)

NISAR ALI KHAN

Nano Technology in Electronics

Nano Technology in Cosmetics

Nano Technology in Civil Engineering

And in energy, optical engineering, defense and

Nanotechnology Nanoparticles CNTs

You might also like