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    Lecture 6

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    The document discusses several key concepts regarding inequalities and coordinate geometry: - It defines an inequality as a statement that two quantities or expressions are not equal, and explains that solutions to inequalities involve values that satisfy the statement. - Properties of absolute value are presented, including that the inequality |x| > 3 is equivalent to x < -3 or x > 3. - The concepts of unions and intersections of sets are introduced in the context of combining solutions to inequalities. - Formulas for the distance between two points in a coordinate plane and the midpoint of a line segment between two points are derived and explained.

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    Lecture 6

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    utp
    7 views20 pages
    The document discusses several key concepts regarding inequalities and coordinate geometry: - It defines an inequality as a statement that two quantities or expressions are not equal, and explains that solutions to inequalities involve values that satisfy the statement. - Properties of absolute value are presented, including that the inequality |x| > 3 is equivalent to x < -3 or x > 3. - The concepts of unions and intersections of sets are introduced in the context of combining solutions to inequalities. - Formulas for the distance between two points in a coordinate plane and the midpoint of a line segment between two points are derived and explained.

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    The document discusses several key concepts regarding inequalities and coordinate geometry: - It defines an inequality as a statement that two quantities or expressions are not equal, and explains that solutions to inequalities involve values that satisfy the statement. - Properties of absolute value are presented, including that the inequality |x| > 3 is equivalent to x < -3 or x > 3. - The concepts of unions and intersections of sets are introduced in the context of combining solutions to inequalities. - Formulas for the distance between two points in a coordinate plane and the midpoint of a line segment between two points are derived and explained.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    7 views20 pages

    Lecture 6

    Uploaded by

    utp
    The document discusses several key concepts regarding inequalities and coordinate geometry: - It defines an inequality as a statement that two quantities or expressions are not equal, and explains that solutions to inequalities involve values that satisfy the statement. - Properties of absolute value are presented, including that the inequality |x| > 3 is equivalent to x < -3 or x > 3. - The concepts of unions and intersections of sets are introduced in the context of combining solutions to inequalities. - Formulas for the distance between two points in a coordinate plane and the midpoint of a line segment between two points are derived and explained.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Inequalities

    • An inequality is a statement that two quantities


    or expressions are not equal, for example 2x +
    3 > 11.
    • If a true statement is obtained when a number
    b is substituted for x , then b is a solution of
    the inequality.
    Example
    Example
    Solving a Rational Inequality
    Absolute Value
    • The following properties follow from the
    definition of absolute value:
    Unions and Intersections
    • We often use the union and intersection
    symbols to combine sets.
    • The inequality |x| > 3 is equivalent to
    x < -3 or x > 3 .
    That is, the solution of the inequality is the
    union of the intervals (-∞, -3) and (3, ∞) ,
    written   , 3   3,   .
    Unions (cont’d)
    • Similarly, the set of elements common to the
    two sets (-∞, 3) and (-3, ∞) is the
    intersection of these sets, written
      ,3   3,   ,
    which is the set (-3, 3) .
    Example
    x x2
    2
    Solve the inequality : 2 0
    x  x3
    3 1

    2x  3 x  2
    2- x
     2
    x x
    2

    Solve the equation : 3x  1  x  4  1


    Assignment I
    • If a sum of money P (the principal) is invested at a simple interest rate r
    (expressed as a decimal), then the simple interest I at the end of t years is
    I = P r t.
    • An investment firm has $100,000 to invest for a client and decides
    to invest it in two stocks, A and B.
    – The simple interest for A is 15%, but the client does not wish to invest more
    than $50,000 in this stock.
    – The simple interest for B is 10%.

    Determine whether there is a way of investing the money so that the


    annual interest is
    a) $12,000
    b) $13,000
    Rectangular Coordinate Systems

    • System of assigning an ordered pair (a, b) of real


    numbers to each point in a plane.
    • Based on two perpendicular coordinate lines called the
    x- and y-axes.
    – Their intersection is the origin.
    – They divide the plane into quadrants I-IV.
    • Each point P in the plane corresponds to an ordered
    pair (a, b) , as shown next:
    Diagrams
    Quadrants Sample coordinates
    Distance Formula
    • We can use the Pythagorean theorem to find
    the distance d(P1 , P2) between any two points
    P1(x1 , y1) and P2(x2 , y2) in a coordinate
    plane.
    • The diagram on the next slide shows that

     d  P1 , P2     d  P1 , P3     d  P3 , P2  
    2 2 2

     x2  x1  y2  y1 .
    2 2
    Distance Formula (cont’d)
    • Taking square roots gives

    d  P1 , P2   x2  x1  y2  y1 ,
    2 2

    the distance formula


    for points in the
    plane.
    Applying the Distance Formula
    Further Example
    Solution (cont’d)
    Midpoint Formula
    • Goal: A formula giving the midpoint M of
    the line segment from P1(x1 , y1) to P2(x2 , y2) ,
    as shown:
    • Using plane geometry
    we can show M is
    located at
     x1  x2 , y1  y2  .
     
     2 2 
    Example
    Example (cont’d)

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