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    Edited Osmo

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    rony
    Osmotic power generation uses pressure differences created across semi-permeable membranes when fresh water and salt water are separated. It can operate continuously unlike some renewable sources affected by climate. An osmotic power plant works by passing fresh river water and salt water into separate modules divided by a semi-permeable membrane. Fresh water passes through the membrane, increasing pressure on the salt water side which drives a turbine to generate electricity before being released back into the sea. Osmotic power has advantages of being renewable with no carbon emissions but high upfront costs and potential effects on local ecosystems need to be addressed.

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    Edited Osmo

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    rony
    17 views19 pages
    Osmotic power generation uses pressure differences created across semi-permeable membranes when fresh water and salt water are separated. It can operate continuously unlike some renewable sources affected by climate. An osmotic power plant works by passing fresh river water and salt water into separate modules divided by a semi-permeable membrane. Fresh water passes through the membrane, increasing pressure on the salt water side which drives a turbine to generate electricity before being released back into the sea. Osmotic power has advantages of being renewable with no carbon emissions but high upfront costs and potential effects on local ecosystems need to be addressed.

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    It is a short description on osmotic power generation.

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    Osmotic power generation uses pressure differences created across semi-permeable membranes when fresh water and salt water are separated. It can operate continuously unlike some renewable sources affected by climate. An osmotic power plant works by passing fresh river water and salt water into separate modules divided by a semi-permeable membrane. Fresh water passes through the membrane, increasing pressure on the salt water side which drives a turbine to generate electricity before being released back into the sea. Osmotic power has advantages of being renewable with no carbon emissions but high upfront costs and potential effects on local ecosystems need to be addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views19 pages

    Edited Osmo

    Uploaded by

    rony
    Osmotic power generation uses pressure differences created across semi-permeable membranes when fresh water and salt water are separated. It can operate continuously unlike some renewable sources affected by climate. An osmotic power plant works by passing fresh river water and salt water into separate modules divided by a semi-permeable membrane. Fresh water passes through the membrane, increasing pressure on the salt water side which drives a turbine to generate electricity before being released back into the sea. Osmotic power has advantages of being renewable with no carbon emissions but high upfront costs and potential effects on local ecosystems need to be addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    OSMOTIC POWER

    GENERATION

    1
    Power consumption has been increased enormously across the
    world so the power generation should be increased. There are
    many ways of power generation.
    Some of them leads to environment pollution. So, non
    conventional power plants must be encouraged.

    2
    HYDRO SOLAR

    SOME TYPE OF NON CONVENTIONAL POWER PLANTS

    GEOTHERMAL WIND

    3
    All power plants shown above are effected by the climatic conditions.

    Cannot be operated through out year

    A new type of power plant which is non conventional and can be operated 24/7
    is OSMOTIC POWER PLANT.

    4
    What is osmotic power?

    Osmotic power is generated by exploiting the pressure difference created


    across the semi permeable membrane when two solutions of different
    solute concentration are separated by the same.

    5
    PRINCIPLE OF OSMOSIS:

    Pressure retarded osmosis


    Osmosis means passages of water from a region of high water concentration
    (often freshwater) through a semi permeable membrane to a region of low water
    concentration ( often Nacl).
    The membrane only lets water molecules pass. Salt molecules, sand, slit and
    other contaminants are prevented to do so. 6
    PLANT LOCATION OSMOTIC POWER PLANT
    Osmotic power plant is build where there is abundant supply of fresh and salt
    water
    The river delta.
    Almost all major cities in the world are located at the banks of river delta. Hence
    unlike other renewable sources like Hydroelectric power, the osmotic plant will be
    situated very near to the load centers.

    River Fresh Water and Salt water mixing Osmotic Power Plant
    7
    OSMOTIC POWER PROTOTYPE

    The Osmotic Power prototype


    located at Norway
    8
    CONSTRUCTION

    Fig: Commercial Setup for Osmotic Power Generation


    COMPONENTS
    1. A SEMI PERMEABLE MEMBRANE CONTAINED IN MODULES.
    2. FRESH WATER AND SEA WATER FILTERS THAT OPTIMIZE MEMBRANE
    PERFORMANCE.
    3. A TURBINE THAT GENERATES A DRIVING FORCE BASED ON OSMOTIC
    PRESSURE
    4. A PRESSURE EXCHANGER THAT PRESSURIZES SEA WATER FEED
    REQUIRED TO MAINTAIN HIGH SALINITY LEVELS DOWNSTREAM FROM
    MEMBRANE.
    OPERATION

    11
    OPERATION
    FRESH WATER AND SEA WATER SENT INTO TWO DIFFERENT
    MODULES.

    THE TWO MODULES ARE SEPARATED BY A SEMI-PERMEABLE


    MEMBRANE.

    THE FRESH WATER SEEPS THROUGH THE SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANE TO


    THE SALT WATER SIDE.

    THIS INCREASES PRESSURE ON THE SALT WATER MODULE.


    OPERATION
    THE SALT WATER FLOWS THROUGH THE
    TURBINE WHICH IN TURN GENERATES
    ELECTRICITY.

    THE BRACKISH WATER IS SENT OUT TO


    THE SEA.

    THE HIGH PRESSURE SALT WATER IS


    AGAIN SENT TO THE MODULES
    Fig:Francis Turbine
    THROUGH A PRESSURE EXCHANGER.
    (Cortesy: www.Google.com)
    PLANT CAPACITY

    By practical experience it is observed that in order to achieve 1MW of energy one


    cubic meters of fresh water(per second) is mixed with two cubic meters of sea
    water 12 bars. The initial pressure is provided by the pressure exchanger that
    connects the outlet and the sea water inlet.

    14
    ADVANTAGES OF OSMOTIC POWER

    It is renewable.
    Theres no risk of running out of salt because of osmotic power produced.
    There is no carbon dioxide or no greenhouse gases emission
    It is very clean process.
    It produces electricity reliably
    High efficiency

    15
    DISADVANTAGES

    Osmotic energy is high upfront costs.


    The average salinity inside the basin decreases, also affecting the ecosystem.
    Effects on marine life during construction phases.
    Hard to find location.
    It needs energy to generate

    16
    CONCLUSION

    Osmotic power plants can be constructed anywhere freshwater flows out into
    the sea, provided that the salt concentration is sufficiently high. Unlike solar power
    and wind power, osmotic power plants are not affected by fluctuations in the
    weather and will produce continuous and predictable electricity. Most river outlets
    around the world represent a potential location for a plant, even though some rivers
    need more cleaning of the water than others.

    17
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