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    Telemedicine

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    Deepti
    Telemedicine uses electronic information and communication technologies to provide remote healthcare services when participants are separated by distance. It has existed since the 1920s using technologies like telegraphy, telephony, radio, and television, but grew substantially in the 1990s-2000s with computers and the internet. There are three main types: store-and-forward, remote patient monitoring, and interactive videoconferencing. Telemedicine provides benefits like increased access to care, efficiency, quality, and consumer empowerment but faces challenges like infrastructure limitations and low utilization rates. Its future applications include remote consultations, education, mentoring, and chronic disease monitoring.

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    Telemedicine

    Uploaded by

    Deepti
    221 views39 pages
    Telemedicine uses electronic information and communication technologies to provide remote healthcare services when participants are separated by distance. It has existed since the 1920s using technologies like telegraphy, telephony, radio, and television, but grew substantially in the 1990s-2000s with computers and the internet. There are three main types: store-and-forward, remote patient monitoring, and interactive videoconferencing. Telemedicine provides benefits like increased access to care, efficiency, quality, and consumer empowerment but faces challenges like infrastructure limitations and low utilization rates. Its future applications include remote consultations, education, mentoring, and chronic disease monitoring.

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    Telemedicine

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    Telemedicine uses electronic information and communication technologies to provide remote healthcare services when participants are separated by distance. It has existed since the 1920s using technologies like telegraphy, telephony, radio, and television, but grew substantially in the 1990s-2000s with computers and the internet. There are three main types: store-and-forward, remote patient monitoring, and interactive videoconferencing. Telemedicine provides benefits like increased access to care, efficiency, quality, and consumer empowerment but faces challenges like infrastructure limitations and low utilization rates. Its future applications include remote consultations, education, mentoring, and chronic disease monitoring.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    221 views39 pages

    Telemedicine

    Uploaded by

    Deepti
    Telemedicine uses electronic information and communication technologies to provide remote healthcare services when participants are separated by distance. It has existed since the 1920s using technologies like telegraphy, telephony, radio, and television, but grew substantially in the 1990s-2000s with computers and the internet. There are three main types: store-and-forward, remote patient monitoring, and interactive videoconferencing. Telemedicine provides benefits like increased access to care, efficiency, quality, and consumer empowerment but faces challenges like infrastructure limitations and low utilization rates. Its future applications include remote consultations, education, mentoring, and chronic disease monitoring.

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    of 39

    TELEMEDICINE

    WHAT IS TELEMEDICINE?
    The use of electronic
    information and
    communications
    technologies to provide
    and support health care
    when distance separates
    the participants.
    WHY TELEMEDICINE?

    Increased access
    Efficiency
    Quality
    Consumer
    Empowerment
    History of Telemedicine
    HISTORY OF TELEMEDICINE

    1. Telegraphy and 1920s


    telephony was
    established
    2. Wireless / Radio 1950s

    3. TV 1960s

    4. Computer and 1990/200


    Internet 0
    History of Telemedicine

    Boston Logan Airport to Massachusetts General Hospital 1967


    TYPES OF TELEMEDICINE

    There are 3 types of telemedicine:

    Store-and-Forward

    Self-Monitoring

    Interactive Services
    STORE-AND-FORWARD
    The store-and-forward approach utilizes
    telemedicine software to store data, medical
    history, images, reports, and all other
    information that will be useful to the healthcare
    provider. This method is usually used in
    specialty fields. For example, all that information
    is gathered by a primary care physician. Once
    they have your file created on their telemedicine
    platform, they can send it to the specialist for
    diagnosis and treatment options. Fields such as
    radiology and dermatology are great for this
    approach..
    SELF-MONITORING
    They arealso called remote monitoring,
    thesetypes of telemedicinerely on patients
    using various forms of medical technology to
    test and monitor themselves from their home.
    The devices then transmit the data back to
    the telemedicine system. This method is used
    mainly in the treatment of chronic conditions
    like diabetes, cancer, COPD, and heart
    disease. Those four categories alone make up
    approximately 70% of healthcare spending in
    the United States.
    INTERACTIVE SERVICES
    The biggest advantages of telemedicine stem from
    its interactive and immediate nature. Interactive, or
    real-time services are what most people probably
    think of when they hear telehealth. These types of
    telemedicine are the virtual visits patients can have
    with their healthcare provider from home, work, or
    school. Medical professionals can consult, assess,
    diagnose, and prescribe from thousands of miles
    away potentially. Not only are these services usually
    cheaper than an in-person visit, 22 states now have
    laws requiring that insurance companies reimburse
    patients for televisits at the same rate as traditional
    ones.
    TELEMEDICINE
    BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES

    It is an amazing invention,
    but who would ever want to
    use one

    Rutherford Hayes, 1882


    on the using telephone for the first time
    13
    BENEFITS OF TELEMEDICINE

    Resource utilization
    Early intervention
    Avoids unnecessary transportation
    Community based care
    Medical education and research
    Cost saving
    Improved patient documentation
    Increased range of care and education.
    LIMITATIONS TO SPREAD OF TELEMEDICINE

    Poor patient Doctor Relationships


    Patient Acceptance

    Fear of Technology

    Low Rates of Utilization

    Infrastructure
    BARRIERS TO TELEMEDICINE

    There are still several barriers to the


    practice of telemedicine. Many countries will
    not allow but of country physicians to practice
    unless licensed in the country.
    Many rural areas still do not have cable
    wiring or other kinds of telecommunications
    access required for more sophisticated uses.
    FUTURE OF TELEMEDICINE
    Many medical centers in India are now
    successfully running, telemedicine
    projects
    and video conference.
    Future of telemedicine in India is
    definitely
    bright-with availability of internet every

    where, with new information's


    technology
    INDIAN SCENARIO OF TELEMEDICINE

    Now with the availability of internet


    connection in most cities of India interest
    in
    telemedicine is increasing day by day but
    still
    major draw back in India is that
    communication network is not suitable for
    most telemedicine applications.
    ISDN lines are not available in most of the
    places in India, which is basic requirement
    DESPITE MAKING HUGE STRIDES IN OVERALL
    DEVELOPMENT,
    NEED FORTHE HEALTH COVERAGE
    TELEMEDICINE INTOINDIA
    MAJORITY OF OUR POPULATION IS STILL A DISTANT
    DREAM.
    INDIA TODAY HAS MORE THAN 1 BILLION
    POPULATION AND THERE IS FINITE LIMIT OF
    ELASTICITY IN PROVIDING HEALTH CARE IN TERMS
    OF INFRASTRUCTURE, FACILITY, THE MANPOWER
    AND THE FUNDS. WIDE DISPARITIES PERSIST
    BETWEEN DIFFERENT INCOME GROUPS, BETWEEN
    RURAL AND URBAN COMMUNITIES, AND BETWEEN
    DIFFERENT STATES AND EVEN DISTRICTS WITHIN
    STATES.
    THE POPULATION IS PREDOMINANTLY RURAL AND
    DISTRIBUTED IN DISTANT GEOGRAPHICAL
    LOCATIONS APART FROM THE HIGH-DENSITY URBAN
    AREAS; TO PROVIDE THE BASIC MINIMUM HEALTH
    NEED FOR TELEMEDICINE IN INDIA:
    FURTHER THIS IS COMPOUNDED BY THE
    FOLLOWING FACTORS LIKE:

    HIGH COST OF HEALTH CARE AND LACK OF


    INVESTMENT FOR HEALTH CARE IN RURAL AREAS.
    INADEQUATE MEDICAL FACILITIES IN RURAL &
    INACCESSIBLE AREAS.
    PROBLEM OF RETAINING DOCTORS IN RURAL
    AREAS WHERE THEY ARE REQUIRED TO SERVE &
    PROPAGATE WIDESPREAD HEALTH AWARENESS.
    SPECIALIST DOCTORS CANNOT BE RETAINED AT
    RURAL AREAS AS THEY WILL BE PROFESSIONALLY
    ISOLATED AND BECOME OBSOLETE AND EVEN
    TELEMEDICINE INFRASTRUCTURE
    THIS WILL INCLUDE MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR ALL THE
    HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE USED IN A TELEMEDICINE
    SYSTEM.

    UNDER HARDWARE IT WILL INCLUDE STANDARDS AND


    GUIDELINES FOR BASIC TELEMEDICINE PLATFORM,
    SERVERS, CLINICAL DEVICES, VIDEO CONFERENCING
    SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION HARDWARE AND POWER
    SUPPORT.

    THE SOFTWARE STANDARDS ADDRESS OPERATING


    SYSTEM, TELEMEDICINE SOFTWARE, AND SERVER
    SOFTWARE.
    TELEMEDICINE INFRASTRUCTURE
    HARDWARE
    O TELEMEDICINE PLATFORM:
    THIS WILL INCLUDE MINIMUM
    STANDARDS FOR TYPE OF PLATFORM TO
    BE USED, PROCESSOR/MINIMUM SPEED,
    MEMORY REQUIREMENTS, INTERFACES,
    AND PERIPHERALS.

    O CLINICAL DEVICES
    THIS WILL INCLUDE MINIMUM STANDARDS
    FOR ALL THE CLINICAL DEVICES TO BE
    INTERFACED OR INTEGRATED WITH THE
    TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM, INCLUDING
    PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS FOR
    DEVICES MEASURING DIAGNOSTIC
    PARAMETERS, IMAGING DEVICES,
    TELEMEDICINE INFRASTRUCTURE:

    HARDWARE
    O VIDEO CONFERENCING UNITS
    O THIS WILL INCLUDE MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR
    VIDEO CONFERENCING SYSTEM, INCLUDING DATA
    RATE, PICTURE RESOLUTION, FRAME RATE, TYPE OF
    CAMERA, AUDIO QUALITY ETC.
    O COMMUNICATION HARDWARE
    O THIS WILL INCLUDE MINIMUM STANDARDS FOR
    VARIOUS HARDWARE USED FOR INTERFACING THE
    TELEMEDICINE SYSTEM WITH THE COMMUNICATION
    NETWORK, INCLUDING ALL TYPES OF TERRESTRIAL
    AND SATELLITE BASED NETWORKS.
    TELEMEDICINE INFRASTRUCTURE:

    SOFTWARE

    O AN OPERATING SYSTEM

    O LICENSED TELEMEDICINE S/W WITH APPROPRIATE


    USER INTERFACE(UI)

    O BACK-END DATA BASE WITH THE MANDATORY


    TABLES/ FIELDS (IF APPLICABLE)
    TELEMEDICINE INFRASTRUCTURE

    CONNECTIVITY:

    OPTIONS FOR TELEMEDICINE SERVICES


    O VSAT
    O PSTN
    O ISDN
    O LEASED LINE
    O WIRELESS LAN /WAN
    TELEMEDICINE APPLICATIONS

    There are 4 main applications:


    Remote Consultation
    Remote Monitoring
    Remote Education
    Telementoring
    1.REMOTE CONSULTATION
    CONTINUATION..
    Remote consultation removes the burden of distance
    in procedure-specific consultation of specialists.
    Using virtual teleprescence, attendance in person by
    specialists is no longer a necessity. Such a service
    has particular benefits in the rural setting, where
    medical staff do not have immediate access to
    specialists and typically must make do with a phone
    consultation.
    Specialist consultations for emergency, routine or
    follow up consultations
    Eliminates unnecessary travel for specialists or
    patients
    1.A TELEPSYCHIATRY
    2. REMOTE MONITORING

    https://staticcontent.springer.com/image/12984_201
    1_Article_353_Fig1_HTML.jpg
    CONTINUATION..

    Remote patient monitoring(RPM) is a


    technology to enable monitoring of patients
    outside of conventional clinical settings (e.g.
    in the home), which may increase access to
    care and decrease healthcare delivery costs.
    Physiological data such asblood pressureand
    subjective patient data are collected by
    sensors on peripheral devices
    Examples of peripheral devices are:blood
    pressure cuff, pulse oximeter, and glucometer.
    The data are transmitted to healthcare
    providers or third parties via wireless
    telecommunication devices. The data are
    evaluated for potential problems by a
    healthcare professional or via a clinical
    decision support algorithm, and patient,
    caregivers, and health providers are
    immediately alerted if a problem is detected.
    This can be used for pregnant women, people
    who suffer from Dementia and falls, diabetics,
    Congestive heart failure
    3. REMOTE EDUCATION

    http://distance.uvic.ca/images/header/mai
    n-how-de-works.gif
    4. TELEMENTORING

    http://mms.businesswire.com/bwapps/mediaserver/ViewMedia?mgid=236324&vid=5
    CONCLUSION

    TELEMEDICINE: ONE SMALL STEP FOR IT, ONE GIANT LEAP


    FOR HEALTHCARE!!
    REFERENCES

    RESEARCH PAPERS:
    MARK RG. Telemedicine system: the missing link between homes and
    hospitals? Mod Nurs Home 1974 Feb; 32(2):39-42.
    GERSHON-COHEN J, COOLEY AG. Telognosis. Radiology 1950 Oct;55:582-7.
    PEREDNIA DA, ALLEN A. Telemedicine technology and clinical applications.
    JAMA 1995 Feb 8;273(6):483-8.
    SITES:
    Wikipedia.com
    slideshare.net
    youtube.com

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