Physics: Work and Energy
Physics: Work and Energy
Physics: Work and Energy
W Fs
1 N m 1 joule J
W F cos s
cos 0 1
cos 90 0
cos180 1
W F cos 0 s Fs
W F cos180 s Fs
W F cos 90 s 0
F
s
The work is simply
W F s ma s
W m as m v v mv mv
1
2
v 2f vo2 2 ax
2
f
2
o
1
2
2
f
1
2
ax 12 v 2f vo2
KE mv
1
2
2
o
W KE f KE o mv mv
1
2
2
f
1
2
2
o
W mv mv
1
2
F cos s
2
f
1
2
2
o
F cos s
1
2
mvf2 12 mvo2
1
2
2
f
12 474 kg 275 m s
v f 805 m s
mg
sin
25
fk
In this case the net force is
W F cos s
Wgravity mg ho h f
Wgravity mg ho h f
W 12 mvf2 12 mvo2
Wgravity mg ho h f
mg ho h f 12 mvo2
vo 2 g ho h f
PE mgh
1 N m 1 joule J
Wgravity mg ho h f
Wgravity mg ho h f
ho h f
W Wc Wnc
W KE f KE o KE
W Wc Wnc
KE PE Wnc
THE WORK-ENERGY THEOREM
Wnc KE PE
Wnc KE PE KE f KE o PE f PE o
Wnc KE f PE f KE o PE o
Wnc E f E o
If the net work on an object by nonconservative forces
is zero, then its energy does not change:
Ef Eo
Ef Eo
mgh f mv mgho mv
1
2
2
f
1
2
gh f 12 v 2f gho 12 vo2
2
o
gh f 12 v 2f gho 12 vo2
vf
2gh
hf
2
o
Wnc E f E o
2
f
1
2
2
o
Example 11 Fireworks
Assuming that the nonconservative force
generated by the burning propellant does
425 J of work, what is the final speed
of the rocket. Ignore air resistance.
Wnc mgh f 12 mv 2f
mgh
2
1
mv
o
o
2
2
f
1
2
2
o
Wnc mg h f ho 12 mv 2f
1
2
0.20 kg v
2
f
v f 61 m s
6.7 Power
Work W
P
Time
t
6.7 Power
Change in energy
P
Time
1 horsepower 550 foot pounds second 745.7 watts
P Fv
6.7 Power
Constant Force
W F cos s
Variable Force
W F cos 1 s1 F cos 2 s2