Beowulf PPT Notes

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ANGLO SAXON ENGLAND

A.D. 449-1066

Before the Anglo-Saxons


Celts; earliest known peoples (800-600 BC)
Britons and Gaels
Roman invasion (A.D. 43)
Celts forced northward or into slavery
Built walls and roads
Brought Christianity
Withdrew early 400s
**ALL TRIBES FOUGHT Until Anglo Saxon
rule began

Anglo-Saxon England
Angles, Saxons, and Jutes migrated from
Germanic homeland
Tribal society
Valued warrior qualities
Courage
Strength
Generosity
Loyalty

Anglo-Saxons cont
596 Pope sent missionaries to re-establish
Christianity in England
GOD IS EVERYWHERE NOW
Vikings (Norse & Danes) attacked coasts
of England & captured much of England
CONSTANTLY WARRING

Anglo-Saxons cont

Canute
Danish prince given crown by tired
English
Reconciled English & Danish
inhabitants
Battle of Hastings Year=1066
William became first Norman king &
ends Anglo-Saxon era

Anglo-Saxon Literature

Communicated in the oral tradition (told/sung the


stories)

Performed by bards or scops


Purposes:
Major literary entertainment
Heroic verses glorifying earthly virtues and
concerns (bravery, loyalty, etc.)
Model for living
Form of immortality to aspire to

Anglo-Saxon Literature
Christian Teachings
Monks established libraries and
schools within monasteries
Their impact:
Emphasized importance of
written word
Preservation of literature

Anglo-Saxon Literature
Poetry-types
Heroic verse
Celebrates courage
Elegy
Mourns a loss or laments the fleeting
nature of lifes joys
Religious verse
Focuses on Christian teachings and stories

Anglo-Saxon Literature
Themes
Seafaring warriors
Tribal society values
Bravery of warriors
Generosity of rulers
Struggles between good and evil

Anglo-Saxon Literature
Prose-fictional writing
King Alfred the Great (ruled 871-899)
Force and intelligence behind establishment of
English law
Started program to translate Latin works into
Old English
Encouraged writers to compose new works in
Old English
King Edward the Confessor ended the Anglo
Saxon Era because he did not have an heir.
Willed the kingdom to King William of
Normandy.

EPIC POETRY
An epic is a lengthy narrative poem,
ordinarily concerning a serious subject
containing details of heroic deeds and
events significant to a culture or
nation.

Setting: Denmark & Sweden


Written: approx 725

BEOWULF
Beowulf is an Old English heroic epic
poem of unknown authorship. Commonly
cited as one of the most important works
of Anglo-Saxon literature. Beowulf has
has been noted for its length: 3182 lines.
Written using alliteration same repeating
consonant sound.
Ex. she sells sea shells by the sea shore.

Beowulf arrives from Sweden to Denmark


to help Hrothgar by killing Grendel.
Beowulf brings 14 of his bravest men
from Sweden
Grendel has been attacking the Mead
Hall in Heorot for years. Mead Hall:
town hall

Elements of an Epic Hero Cycle


Main Char=hero who possesses
supernatural qualities
Hero is challenged w/ a quest
Hero is tested to prove his worth
USUALLY-mythical beings present
Hero travels to supernatural world
Hero reaches a low point
RESURRECTION
Restitution: Hero regains his rightful place

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