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    Chernobyl Disaster April 26, 1986: Prepared By:-Bhargav

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    Don Akilan
    The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. An explosion and fire released significant amounts of radioactive particles into the atmosphere. It is considered the worst nuclear power plant accident in history. Over 300,000 people were evacuated and large areas became contaminated with radiation. The full consequences of the disaster are still not completely understood due to the long-term effects of radiation exposure.

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    Chernobyl Disaster April 26, 1986: Prepared By:-Bhargav

    Uploaded by

    Don Akilan
    51 views26 pages
    The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. An explosion and fire released significant amounts of radioactive particles into the atmosphere. It is considered the worst nuclear power plant accident in history. Over 300,000 people were evacuated and large areas became contaminated with radiation. The full consequences of the disaster are still not completely understood due to the long-term effects of radiation exposure.

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    Chernobyl disaster

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    Chernobyl

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    The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. An explosion and fire released significant amounts of radioactive particles into the atmosphere. It is considered the worst nuclear power plant accident in history. Over 300,000 people were evacuated and large areas became contaminated with radiation. The full consequences of the disaster are still not completely understood due to the long-term effects of radiation exposure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    51 views26 pages

    Chernobyl Disaster April 26, 1986: Prepared By:-Bhargav

    Uploaded by

    Don Akilan
    The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear accident that occurred on April 26, 1986 at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine. An explosion and fire released significant amounts of radioactive particles into the atmosphere. It is considered the worst nuclear power plant accident in history. Over 300,000 people were evacuated and large areas became contaminated with radiation. The full consequences of the disaster are still not completely understood due to the long-term effects of radiation exposure.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    Chernobyl Disaster

    April 26, 1986

    Prepared by :- Bhargav
    Dhokia
    5th Sem ELE

    The Chernobyl disaster was a nuclear reactor


    accident in the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the
    Ukraine, which used to be a part of the Soviet Union .
    It is considered to be the worst nuclear power plant
    disaster in history and the only level 7 instance on
    the International Nuclear Event Scale.

    What is nuclear power?


    The energy produced by splitting atoms in a nuclear reactor.

    Why is it dangerous?
    Nuclear power technology produces materials that are active
    in emitting radiation and are therefore called radioactive. We
    are all exposed daily to a little radiation but too much or in
    mass quantities can destroy cells, cause organs to shut down
    or after long and continuous exposure cause cancer.

    REACTOR SCHEMATIC

    REACTOR PLANT SCENARIO


    1.

    As the reaction occurs, the uranium fuel becomes hot

    2.

    The water pumped through the core in pressure tubes removes


    the heat from the fuel

    3.

    The water is then boiled into steam

    4.

    The steam turns the turbines

    5.

    The water is
    then cooled

    6.

    Then the process


    repeats

    What happened?
    Saturday, April 26, 1986:
    -Reactor #4 was undergoing a
    test to test the backup power
    supply in case of a power loss.
    -The power fell too low, allowing
    the concentration of xenon-135
    to rise.
    -The workers continued the test,
    and in order to control the rising
    levels of xenon-135, the control
    rods were pulled out.

    WHAT HAPPENED?
    -The experiment involved shutting down the coolant pumps,
    which caused the coolant to rapidly heat up and boil.
    -Pockets of steam formed in the coolant lines. When the
    coolant expanded in this particular design, the power
    level went up.
    -All control rods were ordered to be inserted. As the rods
    were inserted, they became deformed and stuck. The
    reaction could not be stopped.
    -The rods melted and the steam pressure caused an
    explosion, which blew a hole in the roof. A graphite fire
    also resulted from the explosion.

    The Chernobyl Reactor after the explosion.

    CYCLE OF RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS

    IMMEDIATE IMPACT
    - 203 people were
    hospitalized immediately.
    31 of them eventually died.
    Most of these people were
    workers in the plant or
    local firefighters.
    - NW winds from the Black
    Sea carried the radiation
    for miles in the following
    days. Scandinavian
    detectors picked up on the
    abundance of radiation, but
    the Soviet government
    denied everything.

    West and
    Northwest Winds
    carried radiation

    People were evacuated


    the day after the
    explosion.
    A month later 116,000
    people in an 18 mile
    radius of the plant
    were evacuated.
    Over 300,000 people
    were moved from the
    accident.
    Many still live in
    contaminated areas
    and the long term
    effect is not yet known.
    The Soviet Union has
    not been able to study
    effects due to lack of
    funds and secrecy.

    EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT


    AROUND THE CHERNOBYL EXPLOSION.
    Fallout levels were very high right around
    explosion and affected all wildlife.

    Red Forest- was a forest right by the plant was


    named this because plants had a red hue after the
    explosion. These trees also died from the amount
    of radiation they received.

    BELARUS
    AFTER
    CHERNOBYL

    Abandoned city in
    southern Belarus

    Effects of
    Radiation

    THYROID CANCER
    The thyroid gland is the most
    vulnerable organ to radiation in
    the human body.
    Normally, this is a rare disease,
    with only 1 case per year being
    reported in Belarus before the
    Chernobyl accident.
    Thyroid cancer can take 10-30
    years to show its effects.
    There has been a 2,400% increase in the rates of thyroid
    cancer in Belarus since 1986.
    In the Homyel region of Belarus, the region closest to
    Chernobyl, there has been a 100-fold increase in thyroid
    cancer.

    THYROID CASES GRAPH

    BLUE :- 2046 Years old


    RED :- Children
    Yellow :- Adults over the age of 46

    OTHER PROBLEMS
    Food & Water

    MilkFarmers have to
    watch the radiation level in
    milk.
    FishCannot be eaten, as
    water absorbs radiation
    and fats concentrate it
    Radioactive Floods every
    spring
    Lives ruined

    Suicide and depression


    Even healthy people were
    traumatized

    The Clean Up
    Liquidators
    These were firemen who helped
    put out the fires and helped clean
    up the radiation
    Most did not realize the dangers of
    radiation.
    Many later died from radiation,
    because they didnt wear
    protection.
    An estimated 8,000-20,000 to
    date have died (20% from
    suicide)

    Robots
    United States supplied
    Specifically designed to enter
    reactor core and help build the
    sarcophagus

    CLEAN UP

    Approximately 300,000 to 600,000


    liquidators were involved in the
    cleanup of the 30 km evacuation
    zone around the plant in the years
    following the meltdown.

    EFFECTS ON ECONOMY AROUND THE


    CHERNOBYL EXPLOSION.
    Between 300,000 and 600,000 people were
    brought in to clean-up.
    Crops were destroyed, livestock was killed,
    everywhere there was radiation.
    Over 235 billion dollars has been spent to clean
    up the disaster.
    Belarus lost 1/5 of its farming lands(700 million
    dollars a year loss.)
    350 industries were lost due to the disaster.

    CHERNOBYL TODAY
    The plant has been shut down by
    Ukraine.
    (Dec. 2000)
    The cement sarcophagus is
    falling apart, due to the quick
    emergency construction of it.
    The UN estimates that up to 9
    million people have been
    affected directly or indirectly
    by the fallout.
    The full consequences will not
    be seen for at least another 50
    years.

    SOME PICTURES OF THE DISASTER.

    CHERNOBYL VIDEO:

    SOURCES

    Chernobyl Childrens Project International

    Chernobyl.info. Geographical location and extent of radioactive contamination

    http://www.uic.com.au/nip22.htm

    Ukrainian Web; Chernobyl Tour

    http://www.time.com/time/daily/chernobyl/860512.cover.html

    Uranium Information Center. August 2004. Nuclear Issues Briefing Paper 22. Chernobyl Accident

    http://www.cs.ntu.edu.au/homepages/jmitroy/sid101/chernobyl/history.html

    Time Magazine. May 12, 1986. Deadly Meltdown

    http://studiohousebooks.co.uk/chernobyl/Chernobyl/chernobyl.html

    Russian Research Center; Kurchatov Institute. The Causes of the accident and its progress

    http://www.chernobyl.info/index.php?navID=2#

    East Cambs Chernobyl Children Life Line; "The Chernobyl Accident

    http://www.chernobyl-international.com/aboutchernobyl/default.asp

    http://www.ukrainianweb.com/chernobyl_ukraine.htm

    Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia; Chernobyl accident

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chernobyl_accident

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