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    Music of The Baroque Period

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    Jollibee Mcdo
    The document provides information about Baroque music from 1600 to 1750. It discusses the origin and history of the Baroque period, including key events and characteristics of the time. The genres of Baroque music are outlined, including vocal works like opera and oratorio, and instrumental works like concerto grosso and fugue. The major composers of the period, such as Monteverdi, Lully, Corelli, Handel, and Bach, are introduced along with their contributions to Baroque music. Instruments common in Baroque music and the stylistic features of Baroque musical works are also summarized.

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    Music of The Baroque Period

    Uploaded by

    Jollibee Mcdo
    341 views25 pages
    The document provides information about Baroque music from 1600 to 1750. It discusses the origin and history of the Baroque period, including key events and characteristics of the time. The genres of Baroque music are outlined, including vocal works like opera and oratorio, and instrumental works like concerto grosso and fugue. The major composers of the period, such as Monteverdi, Lully, Corelli, Handel, and Bach, are introduced along with their contributions to Baroque music. Instruments common in Baroque music and the stylistic features of Baroque musical works are also summarized.

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    Music of Baroque 1600s to 1750s

    Original Title

    Music of the Baroque Period

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    The document provides information about Baroque music from 1600 to 1750. It discusses the origin and history of the Baroque period, including key events and characteristics of the time. The genres of Baroque music are outlined, including vocal works like opera and oratorio, and instrumental works like concerto grosso and fugue. The major composers of the period, such as Monteverdi, Lully, Corelli, Handel, and Bach, are introduced along with their contributions to Baroque music. Instruments common in Baroque music and the stylistic features of Baroque musical works are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    341 views25 pages

    Music of The Baroque Period

    Uploaded by

    Jollibee Mcdo
    The document provides information about Baroque music from 1600 to 1750. It discusses the origin and history of the Baroque period, including key events and characteristics of the time. The genres of Baroque music are outlined, including vocal works like opera and oratorio, and instrumental works like concerto grosso and fugue. The major composers of the period, such as Monteverdi, Lully, Corelli, Handel, and Bach, are introduced along with their contributions to Baroque music. Instruments common in Baroque music and the stylistic features of Baroque musical works are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    The key takeaways are that the document discusses the origins and history of the Baroque period as well as genres, styles and some of the major composers of Baroque music.

    Some of the characteristics of Baroque music style include emphasis on rhythm and motion, elaborate ornamented melodies, sudden changes in dynamics and texture, emphasis on chords and harmony, and maintaining the same mood or affect throughout movements.

    Some of the major vocal genres in the Baroque period include opera, oratorio, cantata, mass, anthem, and monody.

    MUSIC OF THE BAROQUE

    PERIOD
    1600 - 1750
    By
    Laurence Dimaguila
    Hazle Dacanay
    Sarah Millar

    BAROQUE PERIOD
    Origin / Background History of the Baroque
    Period
    Genres in the Baroque Music
    Composers and their contributions

    TRIVIA
    1610 - Galileo confirms the Earth is round
    1687 - Sir Isaac Newton publishes his Laws of Universal Gravitation
    1732 - birth of George Washington
    Age of Absolutism; Kings and Queens are all-powerful
    Known for extreme decadence and extravagance of aristocracy (e.g.
    Louis XIV and his palace of Versailles)
    Church Splits in Two; Europe split into Catholic countries (Italy, France,
    Spain) and Protestant countries (England, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden)

    ORIGIN / HISTORY OF THE PERIOD


    Baroque was derived from the Portuguese word barroco which means
    oddly shaped or misshapen pearl
    Baroque in its era means overly ornamented and exaggerated
    The Baroque period is divided into three major phases: early, middle, and
    late. Although they overlap in time, they are conventionally dated from
    1580 to 1630, from 1630 to 1680, and from 1680 to 1730.
    Comparing some of music historys greatest masterpieces to a misshapen
    pearl might seem strange to us today, but to the nineteenth century
    critics who applied the term, the music of Bach and Handels era sounded
    overly ornamented and exaggerated. Having long since shed its
    derogatory connotations, baroque is now simply a convenient catch-all
    for one of the richest and most diverse periods in music history.

    ORIGIN / HISTORY OF THE PERIOD

    BAROQUE MUSIC STYLE CHARACTERISTICS


    Timbre

    new emphasis on instrumental music & instrumental accompaniment to voices

    Rhythm

    beat is emphasized; lots of forward motion

    Melody

    elaborate, ornamented, continuously expanding, long and winding

    Form

    one main theme repeated over and over

    Dynamics

    sudden changes from loud to soft and soft to loud called terraced dynamics

    Texture

    more rapid changes in texture (homophony, imitative polyphony) throughout a


    single movement or piece of music

    Harmony

    new emphasis on chords; orchestra mainly consists of strings and basso


    continuo (bass melody instrument like cello or bassoon + chord generating
    instrument harpsichord, organ, or lute)

    Mood

    the same mood throughout movement; this heightened emotional state called
    affect (vocal music is exception; vocal music has many changes of mood, but
    closely follows text)

    GENRES IN THE BAROQUE MUSIC

    Vocal

    Opera
    Zarzuela
    Opera seria
    Opra
    comique
    Opera-ballet
    Masque
    Oratorio
    Passion (music)
    Cantata
    Mass (music)
    Anthem
    Monody
    Chorale

    Instrumental

    Chorale
    composition
    Concerto grosso
    Fugue
    Suite

    Allemande
    Courante
    Sarabande
    Gigue
    Gavotte
    Minuet

    Sonata

    Sonata da camera
    Sonata da chiesa
    Trio sonata

    Partita
    Chamber Music
    Canzona
    Sinfonia
    Fantasia
    Ricercar
    Toccata
    Prelude
    Chaconne
    Passacaglia
    Chorale prelude
    Stylus
    fantasticus

    INSTRUMENTS OF THE BAROQUE MUSIC


    String

    Violino
    piccolo
    Violin
    Viol
    Viola
    Viola d'amore
    Viola
    pomposa
    Tenor violin
    Cello
    Bass violin
    Contrabass
    Lute
    Theorbo
    Archlute
    Mandora
    Bandora
    Anglique
    Mandolin
    Cittern
    Guitar
    Harp
    Hurdy-gurdy

    Woodwinds

    Baroque flute
    Chalumeau
    Cortol (also known as
    Cortholt, Curtall, Oboe
    family)
    Dulcian
    Musette de cour
    Baroque oboe
    Rackett
    Recorder
    Bassoon

    Brasses

    Cornett
    Natural horn
    Baroque trumpet
    Tromba da tirarsi (also
    called tromba
    spezzata)
    Flatt trumpet
    Serpent

    Sackbut (16th- and early


    17th-century English
    name for FR: saquebute,
    saqueboute; ES:
    sacabuche; IT: trombone;
    Trombone (English name
    for the same instrument,
    from the early 18th
    century)

    Keyboards
    Clavichord
    Tangent piano
    Fortepiano an early
    version of the piano
    invented ca. 1700
    Harpsichord
    Organ

    Percussion

    Timpani
    Tambourine
    Castanets

    TIMELINE OF COMPOSERS
    IN THE BAROQUE PERIOD

    TIMELINE OF COMPOSERS
    IN THE BAROQUE PERIOD

    FAMOUS COMPOSERS
    OF THE BAROQUE PERIOD

    Claudio Monteverdi
    Jean Baptiste Lully
    Arcangelo Corelli
    George Frederic Handel
    Johann Sebastian Bach

    FAMOUS COMPOSERS
    IN THE BAROQUE MUSIC
    AND THEIR CONTRIBUTIONS

    CLAUDIO MONTEVERDI
    Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi was an Italian composer,
    gambist, singer, and Catholic priest. Monteverdi's work, often
    regarded as revolutionary, marked the change from the
    Renaissance style of music to that of the Baroque period.
    Born: May 9, 1567, Cremona, Italy
    Died: November 29, 1643, Venice, Italy
    Spouse: Claudia Cattaneo (m. 15991607)
    The most important developer of the then new genre, the opera.
    He also did much to bring a modern secular spirit into church
    music.
    He is known for his musical works that can be categorized into
    three categories: madrigals, operas and church-music

    JEAN BAPTISTE LULLY


    He was an Italian-born French composer, instrumentalist, and
    dancer who spent most of his life working in the court of Louis XIV
    of France. He is considered a master of the French baroque style.
    Lully disavowed any Italian influence in French music of the period.
    He became a French subject in 1661.
    Born: November 28, 1632, Florence, Italy
    Died: March 22, 1687, Paris, France
    He is known for his sacred music, ballet de cour, Music for the
    theatre and operas and tragedies in music.

    ARCANGELO CORELLI
    He was an Italian violinist and composer of the Baroque era. His
    music was key in the development of the modern genres of sonata
    and concerto, in establishing the preeminence of the violin, and as
    the first coalescing of modern tonality and functional harmony.
    Born: February 17, 1653, Fusignano, Italy
    Died: January 8, 1713, Rome, Italy
    He is known for his contributions to the violin conferred him many
    titles like World's First Great Violinist", "Father of the Concerto
    Grosso and "Founder of Modern Violin Technique". He conducted
    extensive concert tours all over Europe and gained immense
    popularity.

    GEORGE FREDERIC HANDEL


    Georg Friedrich Hndel was a German, later British baroque
    composer who spent the bulk of his career in London, becoming
    well known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos.
    Handel received critical training in Halle, Hamburg and Italy before
    settling in London in 1712; he became a naturalised British subject
    in 1727. He was strongly influenced both by the great composers of
    the Italian Baroque and the middle-German polyphonic choral
    tradition.
    Born: 23 February 1685
    Died: 14 April 1759
    He was considered a dramatic genius as he initiated three
    commercial opera companies to supplement the English nobility
    with the Italian opera. Regarded as one of the prominent composers
    of all time, Handels works gained much popularity as he composed
    over forty operas in thirty years. The audiences for Handels operas
    increased in number due to the renewal of Baroque music and the
    essence of original instrumentation in his works.

    JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH


    He was a German composer and musician of the Baroque period.
    He enriched established German styles through his skill in
    counterpoint, harmonic and motivic organization, and the
    adaptation of rhythms, forms, and textures from abroad,
    particularly from Italy and France.
    Born: March 31, 1685, Eisenach, Germany
    Died: July 28, 1750, Leipzig, Germany
    He is known for his compositions include the Brandenburg
    Concertos, the Goldberg Variations, the Mass in B minor, two
    Passions, and over three hundred cantatas of which around two
    hundred survive. His music is revered for its technical command,
    artistic beauty, and intellectual depth. His abilities as an organist
    were highly respected during his lifetime, and regarded as one of
    the greatest composers of all time.

    GENRES IN THE
    BAROQUE MUSIC

    GENRES IN THE BAROQUE MUSIC

    Vocal

    Opera
    Zarzuela
    Opera seria
    Opra
    comique
    Opera-ballet
    Masque
    Oratorio
    Passion (music)
    Cantata
    Mass (music)
    Anthem
    Monody
    Chorale

    Instrumental

    Chorale
    composition
    Concerto grosso
    Fugue
    Suite

    Allemande
    Courante
    Sarabande
    Gigue
    Gavotte
    Minuet

    Sonata

    Sonata da camera
    Sonata da chiesa
    Trio sonata

    Partita
    Chamber Music
    Canzona
    Sinfonia
    Fantasia
    Ricercar
    Toccata
    Prelude
    Chaconne
    Passacaglia
    Chorale prelude
    Stylus
    fantasticus

    OPERA
    Sung theatrical work with orchestral accompaniment
    Vocal soloists and chorus

    Staged with costumes and sets


    Example: HENRY PURCELL "Dido's Lament" from Dido and Aeneas CD#1/69-70

    RECITATIVE
    Vocal line in a opera, oratorio, or cantata that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations
    of speech, often serving to lead into an aria
    Recitative often gets across mostly plot information in the opera, while the Aria
    communicates the characters emotions

    ARIA
    Song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment, usually expressing an emotional
    state through its outpouring of melody; found in operas, oratorios, and cantatas

    Recitative
    Thy hand, Belinda, darkness shades me,
    Dido tells
    On thy bosom let me rest;
    Belinda to
    her
    More I would bet Death invades me; leave
    alone, so that
    she can
    Death is now a welcome guest.
    commit
    suicide

    Aria
    Dido tells
    us how she
    feels about
    committing
    suicide

    When I am laid, am laid in earth,


    may my wrongs create
    No trouble, no trouble in thy breast.
    Remember me! But ah! Forget my fate.

    ORATORIO
    Like opera - [Sung theatrical work with orchestral accompaniment for vocal soloists and
    chorus] , but unstaged [without acting, scenery, or costumes]
    Uses a religious story
    Example: GEORGE FRIDERIC HANDELs Messiah
    "Hallelujah" CD#2/11-16
    "Ev'ry Valley Shall Be Exalted" CD#2/10
    "Hallelujah"

    Listen for
    Changes in texture
    Hymn-like
    Homophony
    Imitative Polyphony
    Pedal Point
    Emphasis of beat

    "Ev'ry Valley Shall Be Exalted"

    Listen for
    TERRACED DYNAMICS
    Terraced dynamics Abrupt alternation between loud and
    Emphasis of beat
    soft dynamic levels; characteristic of
    Ornamented melody
    Baroque music
    Continuous affect
    Word painting

    CANTATA
    Like opera, but unstaged,
    Usually with religious text & mostly performed in churches
    The church cantata for the Lutheran service in Germany during the baroque
    period often includes chorales
    Chorales are hymn tunes set to a German religious text

    Example: J.S. BACH Sleepers Awake

    CHAMBER MUSIC

    Uses a small group of musicians, with one player to a part


    Meant for smaller, more intimate performance venues
    Includes music for solo instruments

    J.S. Bachs Organ Fugue in G Minor The Little

    CONCERTO GROSSO
    Composition for several instrumental soloists and small orchestra; common in late
    baroque music
    Tutti vs. Soli groups
    Tutti = all, the entire ensemble
    Soli = a small group of featured soloists (2 or 3)
    J.S. Bach
    Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D Major
    Movement 1

    Antonio Vivaldi
    Concerto for Violin and String Orchestra,
    Op. 8, No. 1, La Primavera [Spring]
    from The Four Seasons
    Movement 1

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