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    Electrostatic 3

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    nozel77
    1. Electrostatic is the study of static electricity, or electrical charge at rest. There are two types of static charges: positive and negative. 2. When two different materials are rubbed together, electrons are transferred, resulting in one material becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged. 3. Charges of the same type (both positive or both negative) repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This electrostatic force exists between all electrical charges.

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    Electrostatic 3

    Uploaded by

    nozel77
    107 views26 pages
    1. Electrostatic is the study of static electricity, or electrical charge at rest. There are two types of static charges: positive and negative. 2. When two different materials are rubbed together, electrons are transferred, resulting in one material becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged. 3. Charges of the same type (both positive or both negative) repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This electrostatic force exists between all electrical charges.

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    1. Electrostatic is the study of static electricity, or electrical charge at rest. There are two types of static charges: positive and negative. 2. When two different materials are rubbed together, electrons are transferred, resulting in one material becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged. 3. Charges of the same type (both positive or both negative) repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This electrostatic force exists between all electrical charges.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    107 views26 pages

    Electrostatic 3

    Uploaded by

    nozel77
    1. Electrostatic is the study of static electricity, or electrical charge at rest. There are two types of static charges: positive and negative. 2. When two different materials are rubbed together, electrons are transferred, resulting in one material becoming positively charged and the other negatively charged. 3. Charges of the same type (both positive or both negative) repel each other, while opposite charges attract. This electrostatic force exists between all electrical charges.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 26

    3.

    Electrostatic
    1. Static Electricity electrical charge
    that is at rest or not moving.

    2. Electrostatic is the study of static


    electricity.

    3. There are 2 types of static electric


    charge:
    Positive
    charges
    (+)
    Consists of Protons
    (that cannot move)

    Negative
    Charges
    (-)
    Consists of electrons,
    Electron can move and electron
    transfer happens when two
    different materials are
    rubbed together.

    Static electric charges can be produced


    on a neutral object by rubbing it with a
    different material like a woollen or silk
    cloth.
    When two different materials are
    rubbed, electron transfer occurs.
    One of the material receives electrons
    while the other loses electrons.

    ruler
    + - +- + 3 protons (+)
    3 electrons (-)
    Neutral

    - +
    + - +

    Woolen cloth
    3 protons (+)
    3 electrons (-)
    Neutral
    Before rubbing

    Charging object by rubbing


    3 protons (+)
    5 electrons (-)
    Negatively charged
    -+ - +- + -Electron
    transfer
    +
    + +

    3 protons (+)
    1 electron (-)
    Positively charged
    After rubbing

    A Neutral material has the same number of positive


    and negative charges.

    +++ +++
    -----Neutral material

    When two different materials are rubbed together,


    electrons will be transferred from one material to
    another.
    Material that loses electrons will become positively
    charged.

    + + + + + +
    - - - - Positively charged

    When two different materials are rubbed together,


    electrons will be transferred from one material to
    another.
    Material that receives electrons will become
    negatively charged

    + + + + + +
    -- - - - - - - Negatively charged

    Characteristics of static electric


    charges
    4. Positive charges and negative charges
    have the ability to ATTRACT or REPEL
    other charges.
    5. Charges of the same type (like
    charges) REPEL one another.

    +
    Repel one another

    6. Charges of different types (unlike


    charges) ATTRACT one another.

    Attract one another

    7.The repulsive force and attractive force that


    exist between electrical charges is
    called Electrostatic Force (caused by Static
    Electric charges)

    8. Producing and detecting electrical charges


    i.

    Electrical charges are produced by friction.

    ii.

    Friction can causes some electrical charges


    (electrons) to be transferred .

    iii. Plastic substances such as polythene and


    cellulose acetate are easily charged when rubbed
    with some wool.
    iv. An ELECTROSCOPE is a device used to detect
    the electrical charges present in a material.

    Metal cap /
    Metal disc

    Insulator
    Glass wall

    Metal rod

    Metal plate

    Metal glass container


    Gold leaf/
    Gold foil
    To earth
    Insulator base

    Fig. of an Electroscope- a device used to detect the


    electrical charges present in a material.

    9. Before we used the electroscope, it is


    must be earthed by touching the metal
    disc with a finger.
    10.This is intended to neutralise the
    electroscope.
    11.When a charged material is brought near
    the metal disc of the electroscope, its
    gold foil/leaf will diverge.

    When a material that is not charged (neutral) is brought near


    the metal disc of the electroscope, its gold foil/leaf does not diverge.

    Metal disc (neutral)

    Uncharged material

    Gold foil/leaf does not diverge

    When a charged material is brought near the metal disc of


    the electroscope, its gold foil/leaf will diverge.
    Metal disc (neutral)

    ++
    charged material
    ++
    -+
    ++
    -

    Gold foil/leaf diverges

    + + +

    ++
    ++
    ++
    +

    What happen to gold foil?

    + + +

    ----

    What happen to gold foil?

    Phenomenon related to static electric charges in daily life

    Friction between two materials produces electric charges.


    Because of this, Electric charges can be produced anywhere.

    Example :
    a, Occurrence of lightning
    Clouds acquire electrical charges when water vapour in it rubs with air.

    ---------Charges jump from cloud to the


    Earths surface because of
    Electrostatic attractive force,
    A lightning is produced.

    + + + + +
    +
    Earths surface

    Most Cloud in the air contain


    More negative charges.
    When clouds that have
    negative charges move closer to
    the Earths surface,
    These clouds will cause materials
    On earth to become positively.

    Lightning can also occur when two groups of clouds of


    opposing charges come close to one another.

    - - - - - - - - - - - - -

    + + + +
    + +
    + + + + +

    Electric charges will jump from one group of clouds to another,


    Hence, lightning is produced.

    b, Spark plug
    A spray of sparks is
    produced when a car engine
    is started.
    Electric charges jump
    across spark space on the
    plug to produce sparks.
    These sparks cause fuel to
    burn to produce energy.

    Electronic gas lighter

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