Warm Up Lesson Presentation Lesson Quiz

Fundamental
Trigonometric
Fundamental
11-3
11-3
Identities
Trigonometric Identities
Warm Up
Lesson Presentation
Lesson Quiz
HoltMcDougal
Algebra 2Algebra 2
Holt
Fundamental Trigonometric
11-3
Identities
Warm Up
Simplify.
1.
2.
Holt McDougal Algebra 2
cos A
1
11-3
Identities
Objective
Use fundamental trigonometric identities to
simplify and rewrite expressions and to verify
other identities.
11-3
Identities
You can use trigonometric identities to simplify

trigonometric expressions. Recall that an
identity is a mathematical statement that is true
for all values of the variables for which the
statement is defined.
11-3
Identities
A derivation for a Pythagorean identity is
shown below.
x2 + y2 = r2
Pythagorean Theorem
Divide both sides by r2.
cos2 + sin2 = 1
Substitute cos for

sin for
and
11-3
Identities
To prove that an equation is an identity, alter one

side of the equation until it is the same as the
other side. Justify your steps by using the
fundamental identities.
11-3
Identities
Example 1A: Proving Trigonometric Identities
Prove each trigonometric identity.
Choose the right-hand side
to modify.
Reciprocal identities.
Simplify.
Ratio identity.
11-3
Identities
Example 1B: Proving Trigonometric Identities
1 cot = 1 + cot() Choose the right-hand side
to modify.
Reciprocal identity.
Negative-angle identity.
= 1 + (cot)
= 1 cot
Simplify.
11-3
Identities
Helpful Hint
You may start with either side of the given
equation. It is often easier to begin with the more
complicated side and simplify it to match the
simpler side.
11-3
Identities
Check It Out! Example 1a
sin cot = cos
cos
cos = cos
Choose the left-hand side

to modify.
Ratio identity.
Simplify.
11-3
Identities
Check It Out! Example 1b
1 sec() = 1 sec
Choose the left-hand side

to modify.
Negative-angle identity.
Reciprocal Identity.
11-3
Identities
You can use the fundamental trigonometric
identities to simplify expressions.
Helpful Hint
If you get stuck, try converting all of the
trigonometric functions to sine and cosine
functions.
11-3
Identities
Example 2A: Using Trigonometric Identities to
Rewrite Trigonometric Expressions
Rewrite each expression in terms of cos ,
and simplify.
sec (1 sin2)
Substitute.
Multiply.
cos
Simplify.
11-3
Identities
Example 2B: Using Trigonometric Identities to
Rewrite Trigonometric Expressions
Rewrite each expression in terms of sin , cos ,
and simplify.
sin cos(tan +
cot)
Substitute.
Multiply.
sin2 + cos2
1
Simplify.
Pythagorean identity.
11-3
Identities
Check It Out! Example 2a
Rewrite each expression in terms of sin , and
simplify.
Factor the difference of two squares.
Simplify.
11-3
Identities
Check It Out! Example 2b
Rewrite each expression in terms of sin , and
simplify.
cot2
csc2 1
Substitute.
Simplify.
11-3
Identities
Example 3: Physics Application
At what angle will a wooden block on a concrete
incline start to move if the coefficient of friction
is 0.62?
Set the expression for the weight component
equal to the expression for the force of friction.
mg sin = mg cos
sin = cos
Divide both sides by mg.
sin = 0.62 cos
Substitute 0.62 for .
11-3
Identities
Example 3 Continued
Divide both sides by cos .

tan = 0.62
= 32
Ratio identity.
Evaluate inverse tangent.
The wooden block will start to move when

the concrete incline is raised to an angle of
about 32.
11-3
Identities
Check It Out! Example 3
Use the equation mg sin = mg cos to
determine the angle at which a waxed wood
block on a wood incline with = 0.4 begins
to slide.
Set the expression for the weight component
equal to the expression for the force of friction.
mg sin = mg cos
sin = cos
Divide both sides by mg.
sin = 0.4 cos
Substitute 0.4 for .
11-3
Identities
Check It Out! Example 3 Continued
Divide both sides by cos .

tan = 0.4
= 22
Ratio identity.
Evaluate inverse tangent.
The wooden block will start to move when

the concrete incline is raised to an angle of
about 22.
11-3
Identities
Lesson Quiz: Part I
1. sin sec =
2. sec2 = 1 + sin2 sec2
= 1 + tan2
= sec2
11-3
Identities
Lesson Quiz: Part II
Rewrite each expression in terms of cos ,
and simplify.
3. sin2 cot2 sec
cos
4.
2 cos

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Fundamental

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

You can use trigonometric identities to simplify

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Substitute cos for

To prove that an equation is an identity, alter one

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Choose the left-hand side

Choose the left-hand side

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Divide both sides by mg.

sin = 0.62 cos

Substitute 0.62 for .

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Divide both sides by cos .

The wooden block will start to move when

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Divide both sides by mg.

sin = 0.4 cos

Substitute 0.4 for .

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Divide both sides by cos .

The wooden block will start to move when

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

2. sec2 = 1 + sin2 sec2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

Holt McDougal Algebra 2

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