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    Name - Shubham Takankhar Class - IX A Subject: Social Science Subject Teacher: Tare Sir

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    AkhilGoyal
    This document discusses poverty in India. It defines poverty and describes its various forms. It explains the differences between relative and absolute poverty. It discusses methods of measuring poverty such as expenditure and income methods. It outlines government poverty alleviation programs. It provides statistics on poverty rates in various Indian states and vulnerable groups. It discusses causes of poverty such as British colonial policies, population growth, lack of industrialization, and unemployment. It also outlines the outlook for continued efforts to reduce poverty in India.

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    Name - Shubham Takankhar Class - IX A Subject: Social Science Subject Teacher: Tare Sir

    Uploaded by

    AkhilGoyal
    39 views31 pages
    This document discusses poverty in India. It defines poverty and describes its various forms. It explains the differences between relative and absolute poverty. It discusses methods of measuring poverty such as expenditure and income methods. It outlines government poverty alleviation programs. It provides statistics on poverty rates in various Indian states and vulnerable groups. It discusses causes of poverty such as British colonial policies, population growth, lack of industrialization, and unemployment. It also outlines the outlook for continued efforts to reduce poverty in India.

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    This document discusses poverty in India. It defines poverty and describes its various forms. It explains the differences between relative and absolute poverty. It discusses methods of measuring poverty such as expenditure and income methods. It outlines government poverty alleviation programs. It provides statistics on poverty rates in various Indian states and vulnerable groups. It discusses causes of poverty such as British colonial policies, population growth, lack of industrialization, and unemployment. It also outlines the outlook for continued efforts to reduce poverty in India.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views31 pages

    Name - Shubham Takankhar Class - IX A Subject: Social Science Subject Teacher: Tare Sir

    Uploaded by

    AkhilGoyal
    This document discusses poverty in India. It defines poverty and describes its various forms. It explains the differences between relative and absolute poverty. It discusses methods of measuring poverty such as expenditure and income methods. It outlines government poverty alleviation programs. It provides statistics on poverty rates in various Indian states and vulnerable groups. It discusses causes of poverty such as British colonial policies, population growth, lack of industrialization, and unemployment. It also outlines the outlook for continued efforts to reduce poverty in India.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    POVERTY

    POVERTY AS
    AS A
    A
    CHALLENGE
    CHALLENGE

    Name shubham
    takankhar
    Class IX A
    Subject : Social

    Poverty in India

    "The biggest enemy of health


    in the developing world is
    poverty."

    What is Poverty?
    Poverty is hunger.
    Poverty is lack of shelter.
    Poverty is being sick and not being
    able to see a doctor.
    Poverty is not having access to
    school and not knowing how to
    read.
    Poverty is not having a job, is fear
    for the future, living one day at a
    time.
    Poverty is losing a child to illness
    brought about by unclean water.
    Poverty is powerlessness, lack of
    representation and freedom.

    MORE

    TWO WAYS OF
    POVERTY
    Under Relative
    RELATIVE POVERTY
    poverty the economic
    conditions of different
    regions or countries is
    compared. The capita
    income and the
    national income are
    the two indicators of
    relative poverty.
    According to the UNO
    those countries are
    treated poor whose
    per capita income is

    ABSOLUTE POVERTY

    Absolute poverty
    refers to the measure
    of poverty , keeping in
    view the per capita
    intake of calories and
    minimum level of
    consumption .
    Per capita income :
    National income
    Population

    MEASUREMENT OF
    POVERTY
    Under this the
    This method is
    minimum food
    EXPENDIURE
    METHOD
    requirements for

    survival is
    estimated.
    The food value is
    converted into
    calories.
    The caloric value of
    food is then
    converted into the
    money value i.e. in
    rupees.
    The total

    INCOME
    METHOD
    used
    by the
    government while
    distributing food
    through PDS at the
    local level.
    Under this a
    poverty line is fixed
    by the government.
    All the families
    whose total income
    is less than the
    poverty line fixed

    WHAT IS POVERTY
    LINE?
    Poverty line is the line which indicates
    the
    level
    of
    purchasing
    power
    required to satisfy the minimum
    needs of a person. It represents the
    capacity to satisfy the minimum level
    of human needs. The line divides the
    people into 2 groups :
    1. Above poverty line
    2.Below
    poverty line

    VULNERABLE
    GROUP
    Poverty and occupation both are corelated. Most of the poor people include
    agricultural and casual laborers, the SCs
    Poverty
    India
    2000 : Most
    vulnerable Group
    , STs
    and in
    the
    physically
    challenged.
    60
    51
    50
    40

    50

    47

    43

    30
    20

    26

    10
    0

    MORE

    POVERTY
    POVERTY
    ALLEVIATION
    ALLEVIATION
    PROGRAMMES
    PROGRAMMES
    Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar
    Yojana (SGSY)
    Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana
    (SGRY)
    Prime Ministers Rozgar Yojana
    (PMRY)
    Swarnajayanti Shahari Rozgar
    Yojana (SSRY)

    POVERTY IN THE WORLD

    One fifth of the worlds people live on


    less than $ 1 a day, and 44% of them
    are in South Asia
    26 percent of India is below the poverty
    line
    This is happening in mainly in rural
    areas of India

    erty ininthe
    verty
    theStates
    Statesof
    of
    a
    dia
    One half of Indias poor is located the three
    states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya
    Pradesh
    Maharashtra, West Bengal and Orissa
    account for 22.5% of poverty

    MORE.

    FEMALE LITERACY AND


    INFANT MORTALITY RATES
    Lack of food and health care due to low
    income/assets is associated with the higher
    probability of a new born child dying
    between birth and the age of one
    The High Female illiteracy rate has a major
    impact on IMR
    If more women were literate the
    IMR would be much higher

    Why is this Happening

    Even though Indias economy is growing


    there wealth distribution is uneven
    1/4 of the nation's population earns less than
    the government-specified $0.40/day
    Unemployment and underemployment
    Over-reliance on agriculture
    High population growth rate

    Cultural Reasons
    The Caste System(Hindu Religion) prevents people
    from educational, ownership, and employment
    opportunities

    What is Being Done


    Microfinance( very small loans) has helped
    India a lot
    There are multiple organization to help feed
    them and keep there agriculture going
    The Planning Commission sets up a five year
    plan for India to help them achieve goal such
    as ending poverty

    Positive Things Happening


    in India: Middle Class
    Currently India adds 40 million people to its
    middle class every year
    estimated 300 million Indians now belong to
    the middle class
    one-third of them have emerged from
    poverty in the last ten years
    It is predicted that by 2025 the Majority of
    Indians will live in middle class

    Facts & Figures.

    As of 2005, 85.7% of the population lives on less than $2.50 (PPP) a day.
    the Planning Commission of India has estimated that 27.5% of the population
    was living below the poverty line in 20042005.
    Between 1999 and 2008, the annualized growth rates for Gujarat (8.8%),
    Haryana (8.7%), or Delhi (7.4%) were much higher than for Bihar (5.1%), Uttar
    Pradesh (4.4%), or Madhya Pradesh (3.5%).Poverty rates in rural Orissa (43%)
    and rural Bihar (41%) are higher than in the world's poorest countries such as
    Malawi.
    A 2007 report by the state-run National Commission for Enterprises in the
    Unorganised Sector (NCEUS) found that 25% of Indians, or 236 million people,
    lived on less than 20 rupees per day

    Statistical Study

    Causes
    THE VIEW BLAMING
    BRITISH
    The Indian economy was purposely and
    severely deindustrialized through colonial
    privatizations, regulations, tariffs on
    manufactured or refined Indian goods,
    taxes, and direct seizures.
    Not only was Indian industry losing out, but
    consumers were forced to rely on expensive
    British manufactured goods, especially as
    barter, local crafts and subsistence
    agriculture was discouraged by law.

    British policies in India exacerbated weather


    conditions to lead to mass famines which,
    when taken together, led to between 30 to 60
    million deaths from starvation in the Indian
    colonies.
    Community grain banks were forcibly
    disabled, land was converted from food crops
    for local consumption to cotton, opium, tea,
    and grain for export, largely for animal feed.

    Causes contd.
    General Causes

    Unemployment and underemployment, arising in part


    from protectionist policies pursued till 1991 that prevented
    high foreign investment.
    About 60% of the population depends on agriculture whereas
    the contribution of agriculture to the GDP is about 18%.
    High population growth rate, although demographers
    generally agree that this is a symptom rather than cause of
    poverty.
    The caste system, under which hundreds of millions of
    Indians were kept away from educational, ownership, and
    employment opportunities, and subjected to violence for
    "getting out of line." British rulers encouraged caste privileges
    and customs, at least before the 20th century.

    MORE

    Outlook for Poverty


    alleviation
    Poverty alleviation is expected to make better progress in the next 50 years than
    in the past, as a trickle-down effect of the growing middle class.
    Increasing stress on education, reservation of seats in government jobs and the
    increasing empowerment of women and the economically weaker sections of
    society, are also expected to contribute to the alleviation of poverty. It is incorrect
    to say that all poverty reduction programmes have failed.
    The growth of the middle class indicates that economic prosperity has indeed
    been very impressive in India, but the distribution of wealth is not at all even.
    After the liberalization process and moving away from the socialist model, India is
    adding 60-70 million people to its middle class every year. At the current rate of
    growth, a majority of Indians will be middle-class by 2025.

    POVERTY

    Quit

    Thank You all for being

    F
    O
    S
    TY
    ER

    BRITISH RULE
    RURAL ECONOMY
    HEAVY PRESSURE OF POPULATION
    CHRONIC UNEMPLOYMENT AND
    UNDEREMPLOYMENT
    LACK OF PROPER INDUSTRIALISATION
    SOCIAL FACTORS
    INDIAS ECONOMIC POLICY
    NEO-LIBERAL POLICIES AND THEIR
    EFFECTS

    BACK

    MORE
    vulnerability describes the
    greater
    probability of being more
    adversely
    affected than other people when
    bad
    time comes for everybody,
    whether a
    flood or an earthquake or simply
    a
    fall in the availability of jobs!
    BACK

    WHAT IS POVERTY ?
    Poverty is about not having enough
    money to meet basic needs including
    food, clothing and shelter. However,
    poverty is more, much more than just
    not having enough money.
    The world bank describes poverty as:
    Poverty is hunger. Poverty is lack of
    shelter. Poverty is being sick and not
    being able to see a doctor. Poverty is
    not having access to school and not
    knowing how to read. Poverty is not
    having a job, is fear for the future,
    living oneBACK
    day at a time.

    POVERTY IN INDIAN
    STATES
    STATES

    No. Of People
    BPL

    % of People BPL

    BIHAR

    425.64

    42.60

    MADHYA PRADESH

    298.54

    37.43

    MAHARASHTRA

    227.99

    25.03

    ORISSA

    169.09

    47.15

    TAMIL NADU

    130.48

    21.12

    UTTAR PRADESH

    529.89

    31.15

    WEST BENGAL

    213.49

    27.02

    GOA

    0.70

    4.40

    GUJARAT

    67.89

    14.07

    HARYANA

    17.34

    8.74

    HIMACHAL
    PRADESH

    5.12

    7.63

    JAMMU & KASHMIR

    3.46

    3.48

    KERALA

    41.04

    12.72

    PUNJAB

    14.49

    6.16

    BACK

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