Rain Water Harvesting

RAIN WATER
HARVESTING
ABHIMANYU DAS PHARANDE ROHIT
SANDIP
MAULIK GOYAL
NIRAV DOSHI
SAMIR SHEKHAR
VIVEK PANKAJ
Content
Introduction
Objectives & Methodology
General Background of the Study
Possible Implementation Techniques
Cost Benefit Analysis
Conclusions
Introduction
Rainwater harvesting is undertaken mainly to capture
the run off from the seasonal rains and store it for use in
times of need. The rainwater which is not harvested and
stored, mostly runs off the land surface and gets wasted
without proper use. While in the urban areas rainwater
harvesting is practiced for drinking, domestic,
gardening, and ground water recharge purposes, in rural
areas it is undertaken more extensively for irrigation,
dryland agriculture, horticulture, ground water recharge,
domestic, livestock, inland fisheries, duck rearing and for
multifarious other similar purposes. Although water is
renewable, it is a finite commodity, which justifies the
need for rainwater harvesting.
Advantages of Rainwater
Harvesting
Safe source of drinking water and naturally free from bacteria and
harmful chemicals
Installation cost is comparatively low
The operation and maintenance procedure of Rainwater Harvesting

is very simple. Even locally trained villager can easily operate &
maintain the system
It offers convenience in reducing time and energy for collection of

water for drinking and cooking
Rainwater Harvesting can be constructed with locally available

construction materials and local mason can built it
The system is independent and therefore suitable for scattered

settlements
Disadvantages
The initial cost may prevent a family from adopting Rainwater

Harvesting techniques
Mineral free rainwater has a flat taste, which may not be liked by
many
It may also cause nutrient deficiencies of trace minerals among users
Since the distribution of rainfall is not equal throughout the year,

large capacity tank is needed to store requisite amount of water to
serve during dry period
Unavailability of suitable catchment of adequate capacity for

harvesting rainwater
Due to lack of proper maintenance bacterial contamination may

occur
Objectives &
Methodology
Objectives
To study about the living conditions of the village

population encompassing their social and economic
status.
To know about their awareness and knowledge regarding

the technologies used, particularly pertaining to
rainwater harvesting
To suggest any new technology which can be effectively

used in the village focussing on domestic use of water
Methodology
5. Suggesting
bestobjectives
sought option
adoption
1. Setting the
up the
of thefor
programme
4. Carrying
2. Conduct
out a cost-benefit
a basic survey
analysis
to gather
of theinformation
possibilities
3. Finding existing technologies that can be utilised to solve the problems
General Background of
the Study
Very poor
Very good
Economic overview of the population

Good
Poor
Annual Rainfall Distribution

Average Rainfall 2014
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
Average Rainfall (mm)
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
Possible
Implementation
For the economically poor population
Techniques
Improvised
underground water tank
Advantages:
Easy
construction: Constructed by digging a patch of land and

lining it with tarpaulin
Highly
cost effective: Digging can be done by the family

members, only cost involved is for tarpaulin
Efficient:
Surface run off or roof discharge can be easily

channelized through an improvised filter into the tank
With
proper sealing, water can be stored for a long time
Stored
water remains cool
Possible problems/disadvantages:
Stored water over time, may develop a smell
In absence of any pumping system, a deep tank makes

retrieval of water from the tank difficult when water level
descends on use
A shallow tank with large breadth and height may lead to easy
evaporation of the stored water, in absence of a sealed cover
For the economically sound population

Plastic/concrete
tanks built over ground fed by

rooftop rainwater discharge
Modification
in the roof for rainwater collection/
channelling
Plastic/concrete
underground tank charged by

rainwater, pumped by an external motor pump
Cost Benefit Analysis
Conclusions

Rain Water Harvesting

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RAIN WATER

The operation and maintenance procedure of Rainwater Harvesting

It offers convenience in reducing time and energy for collection of

Rainwater Harvesting can be constructed with locally available

The system is independent and therefore suitable for scattered

The initial cost may prevent a family from adopting Rainwater

It may also cause nutrient deficiencies of trace minerals among users

Since the distribution of rainfall is not equal throughout the year,

Unavailability of suitable catchment of adequate capacity for

Due to lack of proper maintenance bacterial contamination may

To study about the living conditions of the village

To know about their awareness and knowledge regarding

To suggest any new technology which can be effectively

Economic overview of the population

Annual Rainfall Distribution

Average Rainfall (mm)

underground water tank

construction: Constructed by digging a patch of land and

cost effective: Digging can be done by the family

Surface run off or roof discharge can be easily

proper sealing, water can be stored for a long time

water remains cool

Stored water over time, may develop a smell

In absence of any pumping system, a deep tank makes

For the economically sound population

tanks built over ground fed by

in the roof for rainwater collection/

underground tank charged by

Cost Benefit Analysis

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