Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 270 views

    Blood Culture

    Uploaded by

    pawchan
    This document provides information about blood culture tests. It explains that a blood culture involves injecting a patient's blood sample into bottles to detect bacteria, yeast, or fungi in the bloodstream. Positive cultures are identified and antibiotic sensitivity tests are performed. Blood cultures are ordered for patients with fever, chills, or other symptoms of infection in the blood. They can also help identify infections in other parts of the body that may have spread. The document outlines the proper procedure for collecting blood cultures, including using aseptic technique and taking multiple samples to improve detection. It describes what positive and negative test results may indicate and notes that additional tests may be needed if symptoms persist despite negative cultures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Blood Culture

    Uploaded by

    pawchan
    270 views22 pages
    This document provides information about blood culture tests. It explains that a blood culture involves injecting a patient's blood sample into bottles to detect bacteria, yeast, or fungi in the bloodstream. Positive cultures are identified and antibiotic sensitivity tests are performed. Blood cultures are ordered for patients with fever, chills, or other symptoms of infection in the blood. They can also help identify infections in other parts of the body that may have spread. The document outlines the proper procedure for collecting blood cultures, including using aseptic technique and taking multiple samples to improve detection. It describes what positive and negative test results may indicate and notes that additional tests may be needed if symptoms persist despite negative cultures.

    Original Description:

    taking blood cultures extracting blood for lab exams

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides information about blood culture tests. It explains that a blood culture involves injecting a patient's blood sample into bottles to detect bacteria, yeast, or fungi in the bloodstream. Positive cultures are identified and antibiotic sensitivity tests are performed. Blood cultures are ordered for patients with fever, chills, or other symptoms of infection in the blood. They can also help identify infections in other parts of the body that may have spread. The document outlines the proper procedure for collecting blood cultures, including using aseptic technique and taking multiple samples to improve detection. It describes what positive and negative test results may indicate and notes that additional tests may be needed if symptoms persist despite negative cultures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    270 views22 pages

    Blood Culture

    Uploaded by

    pawchan
    This document provides information about blood culture tests. It explains that a blood culture involves injecting a patient's blood sample into bottles to detect bacteria, yeast, or fungi in the bloodstream. Positive cultures are identified and antibiotic sensitivity tests are performed. Blood cultures are ordered for patients with fever, chills, or other symptoms of infection in the blood. They can also help identify infections in other parts of the body that may have spread. The document outlines the proper procedure for collecting blood cultures, including using aseptic technique and taking multiple samples to improve detection. It describes what positive and negative test results may indicate and notes that additional tests may be needed if symptoms persist despite negative cultures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    A blood culture tests for bacteria, yeast or fungi in the bloodstream by incubating blood samples in bottles to detect any growth. A positive result indicates infection while a negative result makes infection less likely but not impossible.

    A blood culture tests for bacteria, yeast or fungi in the bloodstream. Physicians order this test for patients showing symptoms of infection like fever, chills and blood clotting problems to determine the cause and guide antibiotic treatment.

    Collecting multiple blood culture sets increases the chances of detecting an infection and reduces the risk of a false positive from skin contamination. A positive result from two or more sets strongly indicates infection.

    DRAWING BLOOD

    CULTURES

    What is a BLOOD
    CULTURE?

    A blood culture is a lab test


    designed to detect the presence of
    bacteria, yeast, or fungi in the
    bloodstream. A routine blood culture
    involves injecting a sample of the
    patient's blood into two bottles of
    sterile nutrient broth (one for
    aerobes and one for anaerobes),
    incubating the bottles at 35C, and
    monitoring the bottles for growth
    2

    What is a BLOOD
    CULTURE?

    For positive cultures, it also


    involves identifying any
    organism that grows and
    performing antibiotic sensitivity
    tests to determine which
    antibiotics will be effective in
    treating the infection.
    3

    There are many variables involved in performing


    a blood culture. Before ordering a blood culture,
    the physician must make the following decisions
    based on a knowledge of infections and the
    patient's clinical condition and medical history.
    type of blood culture that will best target the
    suspected microorganism
    number of blood cultures to request
    how often the blood cultures should be performed
    Some factors influencing these decisions are the
    patient's symptoms or previous culture results,
    and whether or not the patient has had recent
    antibiotic therapy.

    Why test for BLOOD


    CULTURE?

    Normally, physicians order this test for


    patients with symptoms of bacteremia.
    This symptoms include:

    Blood
    Fever
    clotting
    Chills
    problems
    Mental Confusion
    Shock
    Anxiety
    Rapid Heart Rate
    Hyperventilation

    Blood cultures are sometimes used


    to determine the causes of infections
    in other parts of the body because
    these infections often spread to the
    blood.
    For example, bacterial pneumonia
    (an infection of the lung) and
    infectious endocarditis (an
    infection of the inner layer of
    the heart, including the heart
    valves) are known to leak bacteria
    into the bloodstream.
    6

    How is Blood Culture


    done?

    A minimum of 10 ml of blood is taken through


    vein puncture and injected into two or more
    "blood bottles" with specific media for aerobic
    and anaerobic organisms.
    The blood is collected using aseptic
    technique. This requires that both the tops of
    the culture bottles and the venipuncture site
    of the patient are cleaned prior to collection
    with swabs 70% isopropyl alcohol.

    Ordering multiple sets of cultures


    increases the probability of discovering a
    pathogenic organism in the blood and
    reduces the probability of having a
    positive culture due to skin contaminants.
    If a vial is positive, a microbiologist will
    perform a Gram Stain on the blood for a
    rapid, general ID of the bacteria. This
    culture & sensitivity (C&S) process
    identifies the species of bacteria.
    Antibiotic sensitivities are then assessed
    on the bacterial isolate to inform clinicians
    on appropriate antibiotics for treatment. 8

    Tips for selecting and preparing the site

    The best way to avoid contamination is to select


    an appropriate site and properly prepare to draw
    the sample. Before you begin, explain to your
    patient what you're about to do. Then select
    your
    site
    with take
    the following
    tips ainVAD,
    mind:

    If
    you
    must
    a
    sample
    from
    Avoid drawing blood cultures from vascularimmediately obtain a second culture through a
    access
    devices (VADs), such as central
    skin puncture so the results can be compared.
    venous
    catheters, arterial lines, and heparin
    Positive cultures from both sites will confirm
    locks,
    if at all possible. Because invasive
    bacteremia.
    through
    and
    remain
    lines
    Avoid pass
    drawing
    blood the
    fromskin
    a site
    above
    an in
    place
    for long
    periods
    of time,
    they
    are vein
    intravenous
    line,
    and never
    use the
    femoral
    highly
    susceptible
    to bacterial
    colonization
    because
    the skin in this
    area is difficult
    to
    that
    can contaminate your sample.
    disinfect.
    9

    Precautions:
    Patients who have bleeding
    disorders or are taking blood
    thinners might have trouble with
    bleeding following a venipuncture.
    Before having a blood sample drawn,
    such patients should tell the
    phlebotomist about their condition.
    Cross-infection from the patients
    blood
    Patient discomfort or pain.

    10

    Taking Blood
    Cultures by Syringe
    THE PROCEDURE

    11

    Materials

    Tourniquet
    Dressing pack
    Chlorhexidine 0.5% in 70% alcohol
    20ml syringe
    21G needle
    sterile gloves
    1-2 aerobic blood culture bottles and
    one anaerobic bottle
    Pathology request form
    Biohazard specimen bag
    12

    Steps

    Rationale

    Wash hands thoroughly


    Explain procedure to the patient
    Expose the patients skin site
    Apply the tourniquet
    Put on the sterile gloves
    To promote sepsis
    and prevent crossinfection from
    patients blood.
    Clean the site with 0.5%
    chlorhexidine in 70% alcoholmove swab outwards in a spiral
    direction away from the
    puncture site
    Allow to air-dry completely
    Maximum antisepsis
    occurs after the
    solution has dried- 13

    Wipe the tops of the bottles


    with gauze squares soaked in
    the chlorhexidine/alcohol
    solution
    Use no-touch technique for
    the venepuncture
    Draw at least 20mls from the
    site (but no more than 30mls)

    Minimize
    contamination
    The highest yield is
    obtained if blood
    volume is 20-30mls
    Divide the blood between two Use the recommended
    or more bottles (no more than inoculation volume for
    10ml/bottle)
    each bottle
    Do not change needles
    Minimize the risk of
    between sampling and filling
    needlestick injuries,
    the 2 bottles
    changing needles does
    not reduce
    contamination rates 14

    Fill the blood culture bottles Minimize


    first if you are taking blood contamination of
    for other samples
    the blood
    Mix the blood in the bottles
    (do not shake)
    Label the bottles patient
    details required include full
    name, date and time
    withdrawn, the site and
    signed by you.
    Put clinical history on the
    request form
    15

    Notes
    :
    Proper labeling is required to
    determine that separate sets
    have been drawn. If upon
    receipt they are not dated,
    timed, and initialed as above
    policy states, then we will have
    to bill and treat as one set, not
    two.
    If suspecting atypical gram
    negative rods, such as
    Haemophilus, Actinobacillus,
    Capnocytophaga, Eikenella,

    16

    Notes:
    Blood to be cultured for fungi, Brucella,
    Francisella and Mycobacteria should be
    collected in a Myco/F Lytic Bactec Bottle.
    Call the microbiology laboratory prior to
    collection for a Myco/F Lytic Bactec
    Bottle.
    Blood cultures to be obtained from
    catheters will be collected by a nurse or
    physician and should be labeled as such.
    17

    What does the test result mean?

    P
    O
    S
    I
    T
    I
    V
    E

    If two or more blood cultures are both


    positive, it most likely means that the
    tested person has a bacterial or yeast
    bloodstream infection that needs to be
    treated immediately, usually in a
    hospital.
    A positive result could also be a false
    positive caused by skin contamination.
    If one set is positive and one set is
    negative, it could be an infection or
    contamination.
    18

    What does the test result mean?

    N E G A T I V E
    If the blood culture sets are both
    negative, (often reported as "no
    growth"), the probability that a
    person has sepsis caused by
    bacteria or yeasts is low. If
    symptoms persist, however, such
    as a fever that does not go away,
    additional testing may be required.

    19

    What does the test result mean?

    N E G A T I V E
    A few reasons that symptoms may not
    resolve even though blood culture
    results are negative may include:

    Some microorganisms
    are more
    difficult
    -Viruses
    cannot be detected
    using
    blood
    Antibiotic therapy was started
    to grow
    in culture,
    and additional
    blood
    culture
    bottles
    designed
    to grow bacteria.
    If
    before
    the
    blood
    was
    drawn.
    cultures
    using
    special
    nutrient
    may
    the doctor suspects that a viral media
    infection
    be done
    to cause
    try to grow
    identify
    the
    may
    be the
    of theand
    person's
    symptoms,
    pathogen.
    then
    other laboratory tests would need to be
    performed. The tests that would be ordered
    depend upon the person's clinical signs and
    20

    What does the test result mean?

    N E G A T I V E
    Results from other tests that may be done in
    conjunction with blood cultures may indicate
    sepsis even though blood cultures may be
    negative. Some of these may include:
    Complete Blood Count (CBC) - an increased
    white blood cell (WBC) count may indicate
    infection.
    A urine, sputum, or CSF culture may be positive,
    indicating a possible source of infection that may
    have spread to the blood.
    21

    D
    end

    BY : CLOUDYN DE JUAN

    22

    You might also like