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    3 Android

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    Jeetu Gupta
    Android is an open-source software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The Android SDK provides tools and APIs needed to begin developing applications using Java or C/C++. Some key aspects of developing for Android include using the Android application framework to manage activities and resources, as well as leveraging core Android libraries and APIs to access device capabilities like the camera, location services, and more. The build process for Android applications involves compiling resources and code, converting to Dalvik bytecode, and packaging into an APK file that can then be installed on Android devices.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    3 Android

    Uploaded by

    Jeetu Gupta
    181 views34 pages
    Android is an open-source software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The Android SDK provides tools and APIs needed to begin developing applications using Java or C/C++. Some key aspects of developing for Android include using the Android application framework to manage activities and resources, as well as leveraging core Android libraries and APIs to access device capabilities like the camera, location services, and more. The build process for Android applications involves compiling resources and code, converting to Dalvik bytecode, and packaging into an APK file that can then be installed on Android devices.

    Original Description:

    Android Development PPT

    Original Title

    3 Android PPT

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    Android is an open-source software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The Android SDK provides tools and APIs needed to begin developing applications using Java or C/C++. Some key aspects of developing for Android include using the Android application framework to manage activities and resources, as well as leveraging core Android libraries and APIs to access device capabilities like the camera, location services, and more. The build process for Android applications involves compiling resources and code, converting to Dalvik bytecode, and packaging into an APK file that can then be installed on Android devices.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    181 views34 pages

    3 Android

    Uploaded by

    Jeetu Gupta
    Android is an open-source software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and key applications. It is developed by the Open Handset Alliance led by Google. The Android SDK provides tools and APIs needed to begin developing applications using Java or C/C++. Some key aspects of developing for Android include using the Android application framework to manage activities and resources, as well as leveraging core Android libraries and APIs to access device capabilities like the camera, location services, and more. The build process for Android applications involves compiling resources and code, converting to Dalvik bytecode, and packaging into an APK file that can then be installed on Android devices.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 34

    Android Application Development

    Symbian(.sis) By Nokia
    iOS(.ipk) in Apples iPhone
    RIM's BlackBerry(.cod)
    Windows mobile(.cab) by Microsoft
    Android(.apk) by Google
    J2ME(.jar) by Oracle Inc
    MOBILE OS:-
    WHAT IS ANDROID ?
    A software stack for handheld devices (like mobile, Tablet
    computers) that includes an operating system, middleware and key
    applications based on the Linux kernel.

    Developed by the OPEN HANDSET ALLIANCE(OHA) lead
    by Google in Aug 17, 2005.

    2007 Nov 12: Android SDK released by OHA (a consortium of 86
    hardware, software, and telecommunication companies like:
    Google, Samsung, MTS, HTC, Intel, Motorola, T-Mobile etc)

    Java programming/Native programming.







    WHY ANDROID ?

    A simple, secure and powerful SDK

    No licensing, distribution, or development fees

    Development over many platform Linux, Mac OS,
    windows etc.

    Thriving developer community
    ANDROID FEATURES

    GSM, EDGE, and 4G networks, WiFi, Bluetooth API
    Support for Bluetooth, WiFi Ad hoc mode.

    Hardware control: Accelerometer, digital compass,
    microphone, camera, GPS (Best-Google Maps), tracks a
    user movement as he/she changes his/her location.


    Mash up Capability
    It combines two or more service to create an
    application.
    Eg . Barcode Scanner: ZXing Teams free Barcode
    Scanner app.
    1) 2D(SGL)+3D(Open GL/ES)
    2) Text Editor + Camera (to get the text from
    image).





    Linux 2.6 kernel (designed in C)
    Security : Its handles security between the application
    and the system.

    Memory management: Its handles memory
    management for you, leaving you free to develop your
    app with the help of Process Management.

    Network stack: Its handles network communication
    (Inter Process Communication).

    Android Libraries (in C & C++)
    The Android run time: designed to meet the need of
    running in embedded environment (limited
    battery/memory/processor) & is composed of Java core
    libraries( Collection classes, utilities, io etc) and DVM, runs
    dex file (enhanced byte code).DVM is memory efficient, &
    multiple instances of it can run on the device at the same
    time.
    Surface Manager: Manage difference windows for different
    applications
    Media frameworks: These libraries allow you to play and
    record audio and video.
    SQLite: Embedded relational light weighted database.

    Core Lib (in Java)

    OpenGL|ES: 3D image engine.
    SGL: 2d image graphics.
    In the same application we can use both 2D & 3D
    FreeType: Bitmap and Vector
    WebKit: This open-source Web browser engine
    provides the functionality to display Web content
    and simplify page loading.
    Secure Sockets Layer (SSL): These libraries are
    responsible for Internet security.
    Libc: c standard lib.

    Application framework (written in Java)
    The application framework provides the classes
    used to create any Android applications.

    Activity manager: Manages the activity life cycle.

    Package Manager: keeps track of installed
    applications.





    Content provider: Framework to allow the sharing of data
    among applications. Eg. Phone nos, names etc are allowed to
    be used by sms application.

    Window manager: manages window

    Telephony manager :contains api that we use to build the
    phone application thats central to the phone experience.

    Resource Manager: to store localized string, bitmaps, &
    external parts used to create applications . Ex. Images,
    audio/video etc.
    Location Manager
    Installing and Configuring Your Support
    Tools

    Java JDK: Lays the foundation for the Android SDK.


    Android SDK: Provides access to Android libraries
    and allows you to develop your application.


    Eclipse IDE (integrated development
    environment): Brings together Java, the
    Android SDK, and the Android ADT (Android
    Development Tools) plug-ins, and provides
    tools for you to write your Android
    programs
    Eclipse IDE + ADT (Android Development
    Tools) plugin (or NetBeans + NBAndroid P-in)
    Reduces Development and Testing Time.
    Makes User Interface-Creation easier.
    Makes Application Description Easier.


    Programming Language(s)
    Java officially supported.(JDK)
    C/C++ also possible but tedious &
    inefficient.(Native Dev Kit)
    Steps to Create an Android Project
    Install jdkAndroid SDK in your system.
    Install Android Development Tools (ADT) plugin
    inside eclipse.
    Provide Android-SDK path in window->preferences
    in eclipse.
    From File menu, Select New->Project->Android
    Project.
    Specify the package name.
    Select the version of android.
    Click on finish.
    The project will be displayed in eclipse.

    https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/eclipse
    J2SE java.util.*
    java.io.*
    java.lang.*
    etc
    UI android.widget.*
    android.view.*
    android.graphics.*
    Telephony android.telephony.IPhone
    SMS android.telephony.gsm.SmsManager
    Web android.webkit.WebView
    Application APIs
    Application APIs
    Camera android.hardware.CameraDevice
    Local database android.database.*
    Maps com.google.android.maps.MapView
    Location android.location.LocationManager
    Multimedia android.media.MediaPlayer
    HTTP org.apache.http.client.*
    Java Code
    Initialize
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle icicle)
    {
    super.onCreate(icicle);
    setContentView(R.layout.screen);
    }
    Android with java
    Java Application
    DVM
    JVM
    More Battery Consumption
    More Memory consumption
    Stack based VM
    Efficient on single instance
    of JVM
    OS takes care of task
    priorities.

    Less Battery Consumption
    Lesser memory consumption
    Register based VM(faster)
    More efficient when running
    multiple instances of the DVM.
    Phone functionality is priority #1
    A Detailed Look at the Build Process


    Explanation:
    The Android Asset Packaging Tool (aapt) takes your application
    resource files, such as the AndroidManifest.xml file and the XML files
    for your Activities, and compiles them.
    An R.java is also produced so you can reference your resources from
    your Java code.
    The aidl tool converts any .aidl interfaces that you have into Java
    interfaces.
    All of your Java codes are compiled by the Java compiler and .class
    files are output.
    The dex tool converts the .class files to Dalvik byte code. Any 3rd
    party libraries and .class files that you have included in your project
    are also converted into .dex files so that they can be packaged into
    the final .apk file.

    All non-compiled resources (such as images), compiled resources, and the
    .dex files are sent to the apkbuilder tool to be packaged into an .apk file.

    Once the .apk is built, it must be signed with either a debug or release key
    before it can be installed to a device.

    Finally, if the application is being signed in release mode, you must align
    the .apk with the zipalign tool.

    Aligning the final .apk decreases memory usage when the application is
    running on a device.
    Android resources
    http://code.google.com/android/

    http://android-developers.blogspot.com

    http://code.google.com/p/apps-for-android/

    http://sites.google.com/site/io/

    http://developer.android.com

    http://source.android.com/

    THANK YOU

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