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    Coupon Technology: An Overview

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    Raluca Ralu
    CP coupons create artificial holidays right next to the reference electrode it is electrically bonded to the pipe and reaches the same potential as the pipe when it is disconnected from the system. IR Drop is an error in the reading Consideration or elimination is required by today's regulations (SP0169)

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    Coupon Technology: An Overview

    Uploaded by

    Raluca Ralu
    38 views27 pages
    CP coupons create artificial holidays right next to the reference electrode it is electrically bonded to the pipe and reaches the same potential as the pipe when it is disconnected from the system. IR Drop is an error in the reading Consideration or elimination is required by today's regulations (SP0169)

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    FAnsuini-CouponTechTalk

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    CP coupons create artificial holidays right next to the reference electrode it is electrically bonded to the pipe and reaches the same potential as the pipe when it is disconnected from the system. IR Drop is an error in the reading Consideration or elimination is required by today's regulations (SP0169)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    38 views27 pages

    Coupon Technology: An Overview

    Uploaded by

    Raluca Ralu
    CP coupons create artificial holidays right next to the reference electrode it is electrically bonded to the pipe and reaches the same potential as the pipe when it is disconnected from the system. IR Drop is an error in the reading Consideration or elimination is required by today's regulations (SP0169)

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 27

    Coupon Technology

    An Overview
    Frank Ansuini
    electrochemical devices, inc.
    NACE International
    2009 Eastern Area Conference
    EDI 2009
    What are coupons?
    simulated holidays

    A piece of bare metal electrically
    connected to the structure
    similar material,
    similar environment,
    similar behavior?
    Types of Pipeline Coupons
    Weight loss coupon
    bonded directly to pipe
    CP coupon
    bonded through test station
    A. W. Peabody
    Control of Pipeline Corrosion, 1967
    Renewed interest generated by
    SP0169
    voltage (IR) drops other than those
    across the structure to electrolyte
    boundary must be considered ...
    What Is IR Drop ?
    E
    M
    = E
    P
    + V
    IR
    reference electrode
    anode
    redrawn from: R. A. Gummow
    Materials Performance, August 1998
    E
    M
    voltage drop caused by current
    flowing through an electrolyte
    E
    P
    V
    IR
    Why are IR Drop-free readings
    important?
    IR Drop is an error in the reading
    Consideration or elimination is required by
    todays regulations (SP0169)
    Ensure that the structure is protected
    reference
    damaged coating
    Why not place the reference electrode
    next to the pipe?
    IR Drop
    Then, why not place the reference right next
    to a holiday?
    1 cm, 50%
    1.5 cm, 70%
    2.5 cm, 80%
    5 cm, 90%
    1 cm dia. holiday
    coating
    IR Drop fields develop rapidly near a holiday.
    Percentage of total
    voltage drop to remote
    earth vs. distance from
    a holiday.
    redrawn from: R. A. Gummow
    Materials Performance, August 1998
    A CP coupon creates an artificial holiday right next
    to the reference electrode
    it is electrically bonded to the pipe and reaches
    the same potential as the pipe
    when it is disconnected from the system, a
    measurement should be taken before the coupon
    depolarizes (instant disconnect)
    the residual voltage drop in this type
    measurement is usually insignificant
    What CP Coupons Do
    Allow measurement of instant disconnect
    (IR drop free) potentials without having to
    interrupt cathodic protection current to
    structure
    Some Currents Cannot Be
    Interrupted
    Sacrificial anodes
    Telluric currents
    Stray currents
    Galvanic currents
    Foreign rectifiers
    In these circumstances, CP coupons may be the only way
    to measure potentials free of IR Drop error.
    Industry Discussions Areas
    Size
    Material
    Shape
    Orientation
    Placement
    TG210 meeting at NACE TCC
    Coupon Size
    If it is too large . . .
    Sac. anode system may not supply sufficient current
    Current distribution to the structure may be affected
    If it is too small . . .
    It could depolarize too quickly to get a valid reading
    Ideal size ...
    Same as the largest expected holiday
    Goldilocks
    criterion
    Coupon Material
    Ideally
    identical to pipe

    Realistically ... carbon steel
    age without CP a couple of months
    then, let it polarize a couple of months
    Coupon Shape
    Available shapes
    Cylindrical
    Ring
    Disc
    Plate
    Rod
    Which is best?
    mine
    Coupon Location and
    Orientation
    Readings are affected by
    proximity to anode
    soil environment
    shielding by structure
    shielding by foreign objects
    Coupons can be stand-alone
    reference coupon structure
    Place coupon very close to the
    reference and in the same
    backfill as the structure.
    Coupons can be attached to permanent
    reference electrodes
    reference coupon structure
    Place coupon very close to the
    reference and in the same
    backfill as the structure.
    Reference Electrode Array
    Anode
    Rod Coupon
    Ref.: Wilkin, Dimond & Ansuini
    NACE Conference Paper 03200
    -1.1
    -0.9
    -0.7
    -0.5
    -0.3
    24-May 13-Jul 1-Sep 21-Oct 10-Dec
    V
    o
    l
    t
    s
    Cell #1 Coupon #7
    Two ways of making IR Drop Free
    Readings
    Disconnect the
    rectifier (Cell #1)

    Disconnect the
    coupon (Coupon #7)
    Ref.: Wilkin, Dimond & Ansuini
    NACE Conference Paper 03200
    Coupons can be attached to
    test stations
    reference
    coupon
    structure
    A permanent reference electrode can
    be installed in the test station riser.
    Concentric Coupon
    Coupon assembly is fitted to a test
    station riser. Reference electrode is
    inside the riser and measures potential
    through the slot membrane.
    Tank used for
    prototype coupon
    testing.
    Ref.: Ansuini & Dimond
    NACE Conference Paper 05039
    1/2" rod coupon @ 4"
    -1.20
    -1.10
    -1.00
    -0.90
    -0.80
    -0.70
    -0.60
    1/8 coupon @ 4" facing structure
    -1.20
    -1.10
    -1.00
    -0.90
    -0.80
    -0.70
    -0.60
    Comparison of Rod and Concentric Coupons
    Coupon
    interrupted
    Rectifier
    interrupted
    Current-on readings with a rod coupon
    contained about 300 mV IR Drop.
    Disconnecting the coupon eliminated
    about a third of it.
    Current-on readings with a concentric
    coupon contained about 30 mV IR Drop.
    Disconnecting the coupon eliminated
    virtually all of it.
    Ref.: Ansuini & Dimond
    NACE Conference Paper 05039
    Interrupting CP Current
    Connect switch
    between coupon
    and structure leads
    Hold magnet
    next to switch to
    interrupt current
    Limitations of CP Coupons
    Coupons may not give reliable data when used for:
    1) Native potential
    2) CP Current Density
    3) Depolarization
    because the coupon may not be the same material,
    it may not be in the same electrolyte and
    it may not be the same distance from the anode.
    Conclusions
    Cathodic protection coupons can be used to obtain
    instant-disconnect (IR drop free) potentials of any
    structure.
    Concentric CP coupons can make IR drop free potential
    measurements without disconnecting either the coupon
    or the rectifier.
    Coupons should not be used for depolarization without
    additional qualification studies.
    Contact
    Information
    [email protected]
    www.edi-cp.com

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