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    MELASMA (Ardy, Kintan, Fransisca)

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    Andi Firman Mubarak
    This document summarizes melasma, a common hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by brown patches that typically occur on sun-exposed areas of the face. It affects women ages 14-54 more than men, especially those with Asian or Black skin. Causes include ultraviolet radiation, genetic predisposition, pregnancy, and certain drugs. Diagnosis is made based on clinical examination showing symmetrical brown macules on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip and chin. Differential diagnoses include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, lentigines, Addison's disease, and others. Treatment options discussed include topical hydroquinone, retinoids, azelaic acid, chemical peels, laser therapy, dermabration, and skin

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    MELASMA (Ardy, Kintan, Fransisca)

    Uploaded by

    Andi Firman Mubarak
    75 views20 pages
    This document summarizes melasma, a common hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by brown patches that typically occur on sun-exposed areas of the face. It affects women ages 14-54 more than men, especially those with Asian or Black skin. Causes include ultraviolet radiation, genetic predisposition, pregnancy, and certain drugs. Diagnosis is made based on clinical examination showing symmetrical brown macules on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip and chin. Differential diagnoses include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, lentigines, Addison's disease, and others. Treatment options discussed include topical hydroquinone, retinoids, azelaic acid, chemical peels, laser therapy, dermabration, and skin

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    Persentase ilmiah referat kulit...

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    MELASMA (Ardy,Kintan,Fransisca)

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    This document summarizes melasma, a common hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by brown patches that typically occur on sun-exposed areas of the face. It affects women ages 14-54 more than men, especially those with Asian or Black skin. Causes include ultraviolet radiation, genetic predisposition, pregnancy, and certain drugs. Diagnosis is made based on clinical examination showing symmetrical brown macules on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip and chin. Differential diagnoses include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, lentigines, Addison's disease, and others. Treatment options discussed include topical hydroquinone, retinoids, azelaic acid, chemical peels, laser therapy, dermabration, and skin

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    75 views20 pages

    MELASMA (Ardy, Kintan, Fransisca)

    Uploaded by

    Andi Firman Mubarak
    This document summarizes melasma, a common hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by brown patches that typically occur on sun-exposed areas of the face. It affects women ages 14-54 more than men, especially those with Asian or Black skin. Causes include ultraviolet radiation, genetic predisposition, pregnancy, and certain drugs. Diagnosis is made based on clinical examination showing symmetrical brown macules on the cheeks, forehead, upper lip and chin. Differential diagnoses include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, lentigines, Addison's disease, and others. Treatment options discussed include topical hydroquinone, retinoids, azelaic acid, chemical peels, laser therapy, dermabration, and skin

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    MELASMA

    Supervisor

    dr. Asnawi Madjid. Sp. KK. MARS


    Advisor dr. Irene Tantia Utami Presenter Ardy Gisnawan, Kintan Ramadhani & Fransisca B. Kuron

    Preface
    Definition
    Melasma is a common hypermelanosis that typically occur on sun exposed area on face.

    Characterized

    By Brown patches, typically on the malar prominences and forehead

    Epidemiology
    Age

    14-54 years old : = 4 : 1 Asian and Black Skin

    Sex

    Race or geographic area

    Etiology
    Idiophatic

    Ultraviolet Radiation

    Genetetic Predisposit ion

    Drugs

    EtioPathoge nesis

    Pregnancy

    Hormonal Cosmetics

    Race

    Examination

    Wood Lamp Examination Histopathology

    Diagnoses

    Melasma diagnosis examination


    Appears:

    from

    clinical

    symmetrical hyperpigmented macules, may form confluent or striped. Lesions: macular light brown or dark brown demarcated with irregular edges.

    Count.

    Predilection :
    Cheeks, upper

    lip,

    chin,
    Forehead

    Histophatology

    Diagnosis
    Anamnesis

    Physycal examination

    Eliminating other disease

    Histopathology

    Wood lamp

    Differential Diagnoses
    1. 2. 3.

    4.
    5. 6.

    7.

    Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation Lentigines Addison disease Drug-induced photosensitivity Lupus erythematosus, discoid Mastocytosis Poikiloderma

    Melasma
    Etiology Sunshine (UV), hormone, drugs, race (black skin peoples), genetics, cosmetics, idiopathic

    PIH
    Infection, allergic reactions, mechanical injuries, reactions to medications, phototoxic eruptions, trauma (eg, burns), and inflammatory diseases (eg, lichen planus) any age Depending on the location of infection light brown -black brown macules or patches often with a poorly defined border, irregular in outline and usually with little surface change Asymmetric

    Lentigines
    History of exposures, Genetic, race (light-skinned ),

    Addison Deases
    Infection of the adrenal gland

    Age

    14-54 > Forehead, nose, cheeks, the upper lip, chin Macula (nut brown -deep brown) Macular hyperpigmentation

    children and adults; buccal mucosa, gums, hard palate, lips, face, hands and feet Macula (brown -black) Macular hyperpigmentation

    The highest prevalence :3050 = Skin and mucous membranes

    Predilection

    Color of the Lesion Eff.

    (blackish brown) Macular hyperpigmentation

    Shape of the Lesion Pain in the Lesions Itching of the Lesions Burning Sensation of the Lesion Hyperasthesia

    symmetric (irregular) -

    Asymmetric (oval / irregular)

    Asymmetric

    Melasma
    Etiology Sunshine (UV), hormonal, drugs, race (heavily pigmented skin), genetics, cosmetics, idiopathic 14-54 > Forehead, nose, cheeks, the upper lip, chin Macula (nutbrown deep brown) Macular hyperpigmentation

    DIP
    Chemicals photosensitizing, race (heavily pigmented skin)

    LED
    Trauma : sunshine, chill, wind, friction; race (fair-skinned); descent

    Mastocytosis
    race (fair-skinned),

    Poikiloderma
    Sunshine (UV), chemicals photosensitizing, hormonal(low estrogen levels), race (fairskinned), genetics Middle-aged or elderly women Lateral cheek and neck

    Age

    any age > Face, body, extemity

    The highest prevalence : 40-60 > Face, ears, chest, arm, head, back eyes Macula (Reddish blackish brown) Macular erythematous, hyperpigmented macules numular placards (butterfly app.), teleangiektasis , follicular occlusion. symmetric

    The highest prevalence :30-49 = Scalp, face, extremity, palms and soles Macula (yellow-tan to red-brown) papules, nodules, and plaques , blisters and bullae

    Predilection

    Color of the Lesion

    Reddish

    reddish brown

    Eff.

    Macular erythematous

    Reticulate pigmentation with atrophy and telangiectasia

    Shape of the Lesion Pain in the Lesions Itching of the Lesions Burning Sensation of the Lesion Hyperasthesia

    symmetric (irregular) -

    Asymmetric

    Symmetric (regular: circle / oval)

    symmetric

    Treatment Topical Clinic Therapy


    Hydroquinone Tretionin Azelaic Acid Silymarin cream Glycolic acid Chemical Peels Laser Therapy Dermabration Skin Needling

    Thank You

    Chemical Peeling

    Laser Therapy

    Dermabration

    Skin Needling

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