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    Psychophysiological Disorders - Kanna K

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    Kannan Krishnamurthy
    This document discusses psychophysiological disorders and their relationship to stress and emotions. It defines psychophysiological disorders as physical illnesses that can be caused or worsened by emotional distress. It describes theories of how stress impacts health, including by diminishing the immune system. It provides examples of disorders linked to stress, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and AIDS. It also outlines therapies and techniques for managing stress, psychophysiological symptoms, and pain.

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    Psychophysiological Disorders - Kanna K

    Uploaded by

    Kannan Krishnamurthy
    612 views16 pages
    This document discusses psychophysiological disorders and their relationship to stress and emotions. It defines psychophysiological disorders as physical illnesses that can be caused or worsened by emotional distress. It describes theories of how stress impacts health, including by diminishing the immune system. It provides examples of disorders linked to stress, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and AIDS. It also outlines therapies and techniques for managing stress, psychophysiological symptoms, and pain.

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    Psychophysiological Disorders glimpse

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    This document discusses psychophysiological disorders and their relationship to stress and emotions. It defines psychophysiological disorders as physical illnesses that can be caused or worsened by emotional distress. It describes theories of how stress impacts health, including by diminishing the immune system. It provides examples of disorders linked to stress, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and AIDS. It also outlines therapies and techniques for managing stress, psychophysiological symptoms, and pain.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    612 views16 pages

    Psychophysiological Disorders - Kanna K

    Uploaded by

    Kannan Krishnamurthy
    This document discusses psychophysiological disorders and their relationship to stress and emotions. It defines psychophysiological disorders as physical illnesses that can be caused or worsened by emotional distress. It describes theories of how stress impacts health, including by diminishing the immune system. It provides examples of disorders linked to stress, such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and AIDS. It also outlines therapies and techniques for managing stress, psychophysiological symptoms, and pain.

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    Psychophysiological Disorders and Health Psychology

    Kannan K

    Ch 8

    Psychophysiological Disorders
    Psychophysiological Disorders involve genuine physical disorders
    Physical symptoms can be caused by or worsened by emotional distress The category recognizes that a broad range of diseases involving the circulatory, respiratory, digestive and central nervous systems can be influenced by stress

    Ch 8.1

    Kannan K

    Definitions of Stress
    Stress is:
    An environmental condition that triggers psychopathology A response to environmental conditions that leads to emotional upset, deteriorating performance or physiological changes

    Stressors are stimuli Cognitive view of stress places emphasis on the interpretation of e ternal stimuli
    Coping refers to how people deal with stress

    Ch 8.2

    Kannan K

    The General Adaptation Syndrome

    Ch 8.3

    Kannan K

    Measuring Stress
    The Social !ead"ustment !ating Scale
    As#ed sub"ects to rate various life e periences for stress impact $marriage % &''( Total score on the scale is correlated with diseases such as heart attac# and leu#emia Sub"ects record and rate their life e periences during each day Subse*uent study has shown that adverse life events increase prior to an illness
    Kannan K

    Assessment of Daily ) perience

    Ch 8.4

    Biological Theories of the Stress-Illness Link


    Somatic+,ea#ness theory holds that a wea# organ system may be susceptible to disruption by stress Specific+!eaction theory suggests that people respond to stress in uni*ue ways, some organ systems show greater reactivity than do other systems Stress diminishes the function of the immune system

    Ch 8.5

    Kannan K

    Psychological Theories of the Stress-Illness Link


    Psychoanalytic view holds that specific conflicts give rise to psychophysiological disorders Cognitive+-ehavioral view proposes that humans have higher cognitive functions which can amplify and e tend the duration of arousal of our bodies

    Ch 8.6

    Kannan K

    ypertension
    .ypertension is high blood pressure $bp(
    .ypertension leads to heart attac#s and stro#es
    Systolic bp is arterial pressure during contraction of the ventricles of the heart Diastolic bp is arterial pressure during rela ation of the ventricles of the heart

    /ncreased bp is brought on by increased cardiac output $more blood leaving the heart( or by vasoconstriction of the arteries

    Ch 8.7

    Kannan K

    Stress and BP
    Stressful conditions produce a short+term increase in blood pressure
    These increases return to baseline when the stressor is withdrawn

    Studies of blood pressure done on ambulatory sub"ects reveal that anger is most strongly lin#ed to elevated bp
    The changes were large in a subset of sub"ects !eactivity refers to increased bp and heart rate in response to stress

    Ch 8.8

    Kannan K

    !oronary eart Disease


    Coronary .eart Disease refers to
    Angina pectoris: periodic chest pains
    !educed o ygen supply to heart -rought on by a cutoff of o ygen to the heart muscle !is# factors for 0/ include age, gender $males(, elevated blood pressure, elevated cholesterol, obesity, physical inactivity, e cessive use of alcohol and diabetes
    Kannan K

    0yocardial infarction: heart attac#

    Ch 8.9

    Diatheses for ! D
    Psychological diatheses for C.D include:
    Type A behavior pattern $time urgency, competitive, aggressive1hostile( .igh levels of anger Cynicism Type D personality: high levels of anger, an iety and depression as well as low levels of emotional e pression

    -iological diatheses: focus is on reactivity

    Ch 8.10

    Kannan K

    AIDS
    A/DS
    /s a fatal disease caused viral infection Compromises the immune system

    A/DS
    Arises from irrational and self+defeating behavior /s not presently curable or preventable by medical means /s preventable by psychological means
    Kannan K

    Ch 8.11

    Therapies for Psychophysiological Disorders


    Drug interventions can be used to reduce the physical symptoms brought on by stress !eduction of an iety, depression or anger is a #ey element in the treatment of stress+related disorders
    Psychoanalysis: uses free association Cognitive1behavioral: uses systematic desensitization, in vivo e posure, assertion training

    Ch 8.12

    Kannan K

    Treating ypertension
    2on+pharmacological treatments include:
    3osing weight !educing salt inta#e 4iving up smo#ing 3imiting alcohol inta#e 4etting regular e ercise !ela ation training !educing anger

    Ch 8.13

    Kannan K

    Stress Management
    Stress 0anagement is a set of techni*ues used to cope with stress
    Arousal can be reduced through rela ation training or by biofeedbac# Cognitive restructuring can be used to alter the thought patterns of a person and to increase their perceived level of control -ehavioral s#ills training relating to time management and how to prioritize Train the person in how to alter their environment
    Kannan K

    Ch 8.14

    Pain Management
    Pain can be modified by
    Distraction !efocusing attention 3owering an iety )ffecting a sense of control over pain relabeling the sensation as tic#ling or numbness 5se of biofeedbac#

    Ch 8.15

    Kannan K

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