By: Louisa Marie M. Miranda BSN

By: Louisa Marie M.
Miranda BSN
Define as all of the physical components of the machine
itself. Basic hardware include:

Electronic circuits Microchips Processors Motherboard itself inside the computer housing
Motherboard
is the computer's main circuit board.
It's a thin plate that holds the CPU, memory, connectors for
the hard drive and optical drives, expansion cards to control the video and audio, as well as connections to your computer's ports (such as the USB ports). The motherboard connects directly or indirectly to every part of the computer. Made of a dielectric or non conducting plastic material
the brain of the computer.
Carries out the machine language functions called fetch,
execute, decode and store.
Two types:
Read Only Memory (ROM) is a form of permanent storage. This means that data and programs in ROM can only be read by computer and cannot be erased or altered
RAM is your system's short-term memory.
Whenever your computer performs calculations, it
temporarily stores the data in the RAM until it is needed. RAM is measured in megabytes (MB) or gigabytes (GB).
Allow the computer to receive information from the
outside world. Ex: Keyboard, mouse, touch screen(input and output), light pen, voice and scanner
Allow the computer to report its result to the external
world. It can be in the form of text, data files, sound, graphics, or signals to other devices. The two most obvious output devices are the monitor (display screen) and printer.
Include the main memory but also external devices on
which programs and data are stored. The most common storage devices include the hard drive, diskettes and CD-ROMs
Peripheral that has very high speed and high density. It is a very fast means of storing and retrieving data as
well as having a large storage capacity in comparison with the other types of storage.
Diskette drive allows input and output from a diskette,
which is a round magnetic disk encased in a flexible or rigid case. It allows the user to transport data or programs from one computer site to another.
Rigid disk that holds a much higher density of information
than a diskette and has a much higher speed.
As a demand for higher and higher density transportable
storage rise, the popularity of the USB disk has also risen. A USB disk is actually a form of a small removable hard drive that is inserted into the USB port of the computer.
Analog Computer
Operates on continuous physical or electrical magnitudes,
measuring ongoing continuous analog quantities such as voltage, current, temperature and pressure
Digital Computer
Operate on discrete discontinuous numerical digits using
the binary numbering system.
Hybrid
As it names implies, contains features of both the analog
and the digital computer.
Supercomputer
First supercomputer was developed by a computer engineer
named Seymour Cray (The Franklin Institute, 1999) The largest type of computer. Computational-oriented computer specially designed for scientific applications requiring gigantic amounts of calculation.
Mainframes
The fastest, largest and most expensive typed of computer
used in corporate America for processing, storing and retrieving data. A large multiuser central computer that meets the computing needs especially the large amount of repetitive calculations of bills, payroll and etc.
Microcomputers (personal Computers or PCs)
Keyboard
Input device - choose letters, symbols, and actions by
pressing keys
An output display device (looks similar to a TV) in a
computer system. You see information on the monitor's screen. Screen

The viewing area on a monitor or the information or image
displayed.
A hand-held input device you roll on your desk to point to
and select items on your screen. When you move the mouse, the mouse pointer on the screen moves in the same direction.
Input device in which sound energy is changed into
electrical energy for the sending or recording sound (your voice).
Input device that reads copy as an image and digitally
records the image
A device that produces a paper copy of the information on
your screen. The printer on the left is an INK JET PRINTER, and the other is a LASER PRINTER.
A device that allows computers to communicate with each
other over telephone lines (Internet). At school we do not use modems, we have a direct connection to the Internet called a T-1 line.
Gen term applied to the instructions that direct the
computers hardware to perform work.
Every functioning computer is a system; that is, it is a
complex entity, consisting of an organized set of interconnected components or factors that function together as a unit to accomplish results that one part alone could not.
End

By: Louisa Marie M. Miranda BSN

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By: Louisa Marie M. Miranda BSN

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By: Louisa Marie M.

Define as all of the physical components of the machine

itself. Basic hardware include:

the brain of the computer.

Carries out the machine language functions called fetch,

execute, decode and store.

RAM is your system's short-term memory.

Whenever your computer performs calculations, it

Allow the computer to receive information from the

Allow the computer to report its result to the external

Include the main memory but also external devices on

Diskette drive allows input and output from a diskette,

Rigid disk that holds a much higher density of information

than a diskette and has a much higher speed.

As a demand for higher and higher density transportable

the binary numbering system.

and the digital computer.

Microcomputers (personal Computers or PCs)

An output display device (looks similar to a TV) in a

computer system. You see information on the monitor's screen. Screen

A hand-held input device you roll on your desk to point to

Input device in which sound energy is changed into

electrical energy for the sending or recording sound (your voice).

Input device that reads copy as an image and digitally

records the image

A device that produces a paper copy of the information on

A device that allows computers to communicate with each

Gen term applied to the instructions that direct the

computers hardware to perform work.

Every functioning computer is a system; that is, it is a

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