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    Internal Combustion Engines Presentation

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    Nitesh Birla
    Carburetion is the process of mixing fuel and air before admission to an engine cylinder. A carburetor is the device that performs this mixing. It atomizes fuel into a fine spray and regulates the ratio and amount of fuel-air mixture delivered to the combustion chamber. Factors like engine speed, fuel properties, air temperature, and carburetor design affect carburetion. Carburetors use the venturi effect - increasing air speed lowers pressure and draws fuel into the air stream. Throttle position controls the amount of this fuel-air mixture delivered to the engine cylinders.

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    Internal Combustion Engines Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Birla
    143 views23 pages
    Carburetion is the process of mixing fuel and air before admission to an engine cylinder. A carburetor is the device that performs this mixing. It atomizes fuel into a fine spray and regulates the ratio and amount of fuel-air mixture delivered to the combustion chamber. Factors like engine speed, fuel properties, air temperature, and carburetor design affect carburetion. Carburetors use the venturi effect - increasing air speed lowers pressure and draws fuel into the air stream. Throttle position controls the amount of this fuel-air mixture delivered to the engine cylinders.

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    combustion , processes , turbocharger supercharger etc

    Original Title

    Internal combustion engines presentation

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    Carburetion is the process of mixing fuel and air before admission to an engine cylinder. A carburetor is the device that performs this mixing. It atomizes fuel into a fine spray and regulates the ratio and amount of fuel-air mixture delivered to the combustion chamber. Factors like engine speed, fuel properties, air temperature, and carburetor design affect carburetion. Carburetors use the venturi effect - increasing air speed lowers pressure and draws fuel into the air stream. Throttle position controls the amount of this fuel-air mixture delivered to the engine cylinders.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    143 views23 pages

    Internal Combustion Engines Presentation

    Uploaded by

    Nitesh Birla
    Carburetion is the process of mixing fuel and air before admission to an engine cylinder. A carburetor is the device that performs this mixing. It atomizes fuel into a fine spray and regulates the ratio and amount of fuel-air mixture delivered to the combustion chamber. Factors like engine speed, fuel properties, air temperature, and carburetor design affect carburetion. Carburetors use the venturi effect - increasing air speed lowers pressure and draws fuel into the air stream. Throttle position controls the amount of this fuel-air mixture delivered to the engine cylinders.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    CARBURETION

    The process of formation of a combustible fuel-air mixture by mixing the proper amount of fuel with air

    before admission to engine cylinder is called


    carburetion.

    The device which perform this job is called carburetor.

    Function of Carburetor
    It breaks up or atomizes the fuel into a fine spray and it mixes with air to make a mixture that will

    burn readily
    It regulates the ratio of fuel to air It regulates the amount of the fuel-air-mixture

    going into the combustion chamber

    Factors Affecting Carburetion


    Engine

    speed Vapourization characteristics of the fuel Temperature of the incoming air Design of the carburetor

    Types of Mixtures
    Chemically

    correct mixture Rich mixture Lean mixture

    Ranges of Throttle Operation


    Idling

    An idling engine is one which operates at no load and with nearly closed throttle. under Idling conditions, the engine requires a rich mixture.

    Cruising

    In this range, the primary interest lies in obtaining the maximum fuel economy.
    High

    power

    This range is shown by the line CD in the above figure. During peak power operation, the engine requires a richer mixture due to the following reasons:
    a. To provide best power b. To prevent overheating of exhaust valve and the area near it.

    Principle of Carburetion
    The

    carburetor works on Bernoullis Principle: the faster

    air moves, the lower its Static Pressure, and the higher

    its dynamic pressure. The throttle (accelerator) linkage


    does not directly control the flow of liquid fuel.
    Instead,

    it actuates carburetor mechanisms which meter

    the flow of air being pulled into the engine. The speed of this flow, and therefore its pressure, determines the amount of fuel drawn into the airstream.

    As the piston moves down a partial vacuum is created in the cylinder Atmospheric pressure pushes air through the

    carburetor air intake to equalize this pressure

    The air speed increases in the venturi (the narrow passage in the air intake passage)

    As the air speed increases the pressure is lowered.

    Because the pressure is lowered atmospheric pressure in the fuel bowl pushes fuel through the pipe to the venturi and into the air stream The speed of the air in the venturi and the turbulence past the venturi atomize the fuel and mix the tiny droplets with air.

    Once the air & fuel are mixed, the next job of the
    carburetor is to provide a means whereby the amount of mixture that enters the cylinder can be controlled

    A butterfly (throttle) valve in the manifold controls


    the fuel air mixture If you want your engine to run fast open your

    butterfly (throttle) valve, the more fuel and air that


    gets delivered the faster it will run

    A Choke valve is used to aid in cold starts


    It helps provide a better vaporization of the fuelair
    and it provides more fuel-air (a richer mixture) The choke valve is similar to the butterfly except it is placed on the air-intake side of the carburetor.

    Operation of the Venturi Tube

    Simple Carburetor
    A

    carburetor basically consists of an open pipe through

    which the air passes into the inlet manifold of the

    engine. The pipe is in the form of a venturi: it narrows in


    section and then widens again, causing the airflow to increase in speed in the narrowest part.

    Fuel is introduced into the air stream through small holes at the narrowest part of the venturi and at other places where pressure will be lowered when not running on full throttle. Fuel flow is adjusted by means of precisely calibrated orifices, referred to as jets, in the fuel path.

    A simple Carburetor

    Parts of a Carburetor
    Fuel

    Strainer Chamber

    Float

    Main

    fuel metering and idling nozzles


    and throttle

    Choke

    Strainer

    Float chamber

    Main Fuel Metering

    Types of Carburetors
    Depending

    on direction of flow of air

    Updraught type Downdraught type Cross-draught type

    Constant

    choke carburetor

    The air and fuel flow areas are always maintained to be constant. Eg. Solex and Zenith carburetors

    Constant

    Vacuum Carburetor

    Air and fuel flow areas are being varied as per the demand on the engine, but vacuum is maintained to be always same. Eg. S.U. and Carter Carburetors

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