Transmission Media
Transmission Media
Transmission Media
Transmission media
8/7/2013
Definition
A transmission lines are means of conveying signals or power from one point to another A transmission line is the conductive connection between system elements that carry signal power This conductor may at first appear to be a short circuit, but in fact will react differently when high frequencies are propagated along the line.
8/7/2013 2
microwave signals between antennas and stations, television signals, radio signals
Transmission Media
To be sent from one location to another, a signal must
1. Guided 2. Unguided
8/7/2013
TRANSMISSION MEDIA
Guided
media - transmissions material manufactured so that signals will be confined to a narrow path and will behave predictably
GUIDED MEDIA
The
three most common types of guided media include twisted-pair wiring, coaxial cable, and fiber optic cable
8/7/2013
8/7/2013 7
Twisted-Pair Wiring
Twisted-pair wiring - a type of cable composed of four (or more) copper wires twisted around each other within a plastic sheath The wires are twisted to reduce outside electrical interference The RJ-45 connectors on twisted-pair cables resemble large telephone jacks
8/7/2013
Twisted Pair
Two insulated wires twisted to form a flexible line without the use of spacers. It is not used for high frequencies because of the high losses that occur in the insulation Wet lines increase losses dramatically
8/7/2013 9
Categories
CAT 3 CAT5 CAT5e CAT6 CAT7 Class C Class D Telephone lines Computer networks Computer networks Class E up to 250MHz Class F up to 600MHz
10
8/7/2013
Coaxial Cable
Coaxial cable - cable that can carry a wide range of frequencies with low signal loss Consists of a metallic shield with a single wire placed along the center of a shield and isolated from the shield by an insulator, The dielectric may be air, plastic or
ceramic
Types
Rigid or air coaxial line Flexible or solid coaxial line Electrical configuration of both is the same
8/7/2013
12
Fiber optic (or "optical fiber") - the technology associated with the transmission of information as light impulses along a glass or plastic wire or fiber Optical fiber cable can transmit data over long distances with little loss in data integrity Optical fiber is not subject to interference
8/7/2013
13
8/7/2013
14
Cable Summary
8/7/2013
15
UNGUIDED MEDIA
8/7/2013
16
Microwave Transmitters
Microwave transmitters and receivers - commonly used to transmit network signals over great distances
8/7/2013
17
Infrared and laser transmitters - similar to microwave systems: they use the atmosphere and outer space as transmission media
Cellular Transmitters
Cellular transmitters - radio transmissions and therefore have the advantage of being able to penetrate solid objects A cellular base station is at the center of each cell
Cellular devices are configured to operate at low power to avoid interfering with other cellular devices in the area
8/7/2013
19
8/7/2013
20
END
Lecture2- Transmission line.ppt
8/7/2013 21