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    Chapter 11 Mendelian Genetics I Genetics Book

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    Explain Mendels Laws

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    Chapter 11 Mendelian Genetics I Genetics Book

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    anisbelle
    154 views31 pages
    Explain Mendels Laws

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    Chapter 11 Mendelian Genetics I Genetics book

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    Explain Mendels Laws

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    154 views31 pages

    Chapter 11 Mendelian Genetics I Genetics Book

    Uploaded by

    anisbelle
    Explain Mendels Laws

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    Chapter 11

    Mendelian Genetics

    Copyright 2010 Pearson Education Inc.

    Study

    of

    Transmission how is a genetic trait inherited Structure and function of genes process of expressin a gene, mechanisms of mutations.

    Transmission

    genetics

    Trait or character
    Characteristics of an individual
    Internal or External

    Genotype Phenotype

    Visible Invisible

    1865

    he reported his studies on Pisum sativum Results not acknowledged until late in the 19th century and early in the 20th century

    Ease

    of growth Bears flowers and fruit in the same year a seed is planted Produces a large number of seeds True-breeding or pure breeding Contrasting traits

    Reciprocal crosses

    Principle of uniformity

    Alternative

    traits are determined by particulate factors Particulate factors are transmitted from parents to offspring Particulate factors remain distinct after a cross (they do not blend)

    Genes

    Alleles distinct form of a gene They each specify a trait

    Particulate

    factors in true breeding are the same whereas those in F1 are different
    Homozygosity Heterozygosity

    One

    particulate factor masks the other

    Dominance
    S vs s

    Reginald Punnett

    All reciprocal

    Dominant

    or wild type alleles encode for a normal product (protein) Recessive alleles usually encodes for a mutated gene which produces a partially functional or non-functional gene product

    The

    factors for different pairs of traits assort independently of one another

    27:9:9:9:3:3:3:1

    Published
    Botanists

    his results in 1866

    Carl Correns maize and peas Hugo de Vries different plant species Erich von Tschermark peas

    They

    set awareness about the laws of inheritance and set forth research on gene structure and function Zoologists

    William Bateson fowl 1902

    Simple dominant trait

    Proband affected individual through whom the pedigree is discovered

    Result from loss-offunction mutations or modified function of a gene product

    Most

    affected individuals have two normal parents (heterozygotes) Mating of two normal heterozygotes should produce a 3:1 ratio (normal:recessive) The trait usually skips generations Matings of two affected individuals bears children with a 100% chance of expressing the trait

    Result from gain-of-function mutations that result in gene products with new functions
    Gene FGFR3 fibroblast growth factor receptor Individuals suffering the condition are heterozygotes

    Every

    affected person in the pedigree must have at least one affected parent The trait usually does not skip generations On average a heterozygote will transmit the mutant gene to half of his or her progeny

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