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    WSN

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    Haley Hale
    This document outlines a proposed wireless sensor network system to track pilgrims during religious festivals in Tirupati, India. The system would use both mobile sensor units carried by pilgrims and fixed sensor units to periodically communicate location information to a central server. It describes the applications of sensor networks, factors influencing design like fault tolerance and power consumption, and provides details on the system design, including the use of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee protocol. Proof of concept experiments were conducted with promising results showing the ability to track multiple pilgrims simultaneously.

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    WSN

    Uploaded by

    Haley Hale
    87 views14 pages
    This document outlines a proposed wireless sensor network system to track pilgrims during religious festivals in Tirupati, India. The system would use both mobile sensor units carried by pilgrims and fixed sensor units to periodically communicate location information to a central server. It describes the applications of sensor networks, factors influencing design like fault tolerance and power consumption, and provides details on the system design, including the use of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee protocol. Proof of concept experiments were conducted with promising results showing the ability to track multiple pilgrims simultaneously.

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    This document outlines a proposed wireless sensor network system to track pilgrims during religious festivals in Tirupati, India. The system would use both mobile sensor units carried by pilgrims and fixed sensor units to periodically communicate location information to a central server. It describes the applications of sensor networks, factors influencing design like fault tolerance and power consumption, and provides details on the system design, including the use of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee protocol. Proof of concept experiments were conducted with promising results showing the ability to track multiple pilgrims simultaneously.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    87 views14 pages

    WSN

    Uploaded by

    Haley Hale
    This document outlines a proposed wireless sensor network system to track pilgrims during religious festivals in Tirupati, India. The system would use both mobile sensor units carried by pilgrims and fixed sensor units to periodically communicate location information to a central server. It describes the applications of sensor networks, factors influencing design like fault tolerance and power consumption, and provides details on the system design, including the use of IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee protocol. Proof of concept experiments were conducted with promising results showing the ability to track multiple pilgrims simultaneously.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    HASVITHA INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY KEESARA ROAD

    Outline
    Introduction
    Applications of sensor networks Factors influencing sensor network design System design

    A. Mobile Sensor Units B.Fixed Sensor Units C.Node Configuration in the WSN D.Protocols and Algorithms PROOF OF CONCEPT EXPERIMENTS CONCLUSION

    Introduction
    The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of applying wireless sensor

    network technology in tracking pilgrims (lost, dead, or injured), medical emergencies, guiding lost pilgrims to their respective camps, and congestion management in large crowd.

    A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially

    distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location. thousands, where each node is connected to one (or sometimes several) sensors. Each such sensor network node has typically several parts: a radio transceiver with an internal antenna or connection to an external antenna, a microcontroller, an electronic circuit for interfacing with the sensors and an energy source.

    The WSN is built of "nodes" from a few to several hundreds or even

    Applications of sensor networks


    Military applications

    Battlefield surveillance Nuclear, biological and chemical attack detection Environmental applications Forest fire detection Flood detection Health applications Drug administration in hospitals Tracking and monitoring patients and doctors inside a hospital Home and other commercial applications Vehicle tracking and detection Home automation and Smart environment

    Factors influencing sensor network design


    Fault tolerance
    Scalability Operating environment

    Sensor network topology


    Transmission media Power consumption

    System design
    uses a delay/disruption tolerant design.
    mobile units(GPS receiver and an IEEE802.16.4/ZigBee

    radio) as well as fixed units(hardware and software) gateway nodes energy efficiency and reliability

    Mobile Sensor Units

    Fixed Sensor Units


    consists of a UHF high gain antenna, RF transceiver,

    microcontroller, battery and Ethernet for interfacing to the server via internet (TCP/IP connection). No data encryption is required. Subsequent protocol

    Node Configuration in the WSN


    All nodes in the fixed WSN are made identical. Nodes are classified as either sensing only, sensing and routing, or

    gateways.

    Fig. 2. (a) Sensors configuration under the pilgrim trail scenario. (b) Sensors configuration under the congregation scenario

    Protocols and Algorithms


    At the PHY and MAC layer levels-carrier-sense

    multiple access (CSMA) protocol is used. low-power listening (LPL)inspired by ALOHA with preamble sampling . Multi-hop communication. Two challenges efficient in-network processing of data IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee pro-tocol suite for low bit rate communications.

    Flow of commands for querying a pilgrim.

    PROOF OF CONCEPT EXPERIMENTS


    two sets of experiments were performed. only three mobile units and one fi xed node only three mobile units and one fi xed node

    Fig. 5. Tracking of several pilgrims.

    CONCLUSION
    The design and implementation of a system for tracking and

    monitoring pilgrims during Festival season in the Holy area of Tirupati (Andhra Pradesh). The WSN communicates periodically location information of pilgrims to a central server. The communication between mobile units and the WSN relies on the IEEE802.15.4/Zigbee protocol. The design provides an option (such as an alarm button on the mobile unit) for pilgrims to request help in case of emergency. System is robust and reliable even in dense urban areas.

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