BHARTI PUBLIC SCHOOL

BHARTI PUBLIC SCHOOL
PHYSICS PROJECT
(2024-25)
NAME : SHREYANSH JAIN

CLASS : XII-B
ROLL NO. : 12236
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that SHREYANSH JAIN of class: XII - B

of Bharti Public School, Swasthya Vihar has done his
project on MUTUAL INDUCTION under my supervision.
He has taken interest and has shown utmost sincerity
in completion of this project.
I certify this project up to my expectation & as per

guidelines issued by CBSE, NEW DELHI.
SIGNATURE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is with pleasure that I acknowledge my sincere

gratitude to our teacher, Mr Ankur Kakkar who
taught and undertook the responsibility of
teaching the subject computer science. I have
been greatly benefited from her classes.
I am especially indebted to our Principal,

Ms Savita Arora who has always been our source
of encouragement and support and without
whose inspiration this project would not have
been a successful I would like to place on record
heartfelt thanks to her.
Finally, I would like to express my sincere

appreciation for my parents for constantly
supporting and motivating me.
INDEX
AIM
INTRODUCTION
WORKING PRINCIPLE
MATERIALS USED
APPLICATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
AIM
To study the phenomenon

of Mutual Induction
between two copper coils.
INTRODUCTION
Mutual induction is a fundamental concept in the
field of electromagnetism and plays a pivotal role
in numerous electrical and electronic applications.
It describes the phenomenon where a change in
the magnetic field produced by one coil or
conductor induces an electromotive force (EMF)
and subsequently an electrical current in another
nearby coil or conductor.
This elegant principle, first demonstrated by

Michael Faraday in the 1830s, has revolutionized
the way we transmit electrical energy,
communicate wirelessly, and transform voltages
for various purposes.
Mutual induction is a cornerstone of modern

electrical and electronic engineering, enabling the
efficient and versatile transfer of energy and
information in a myriad of practical applications.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The working principle of mutual induction is based on the
interaction of magnetic fields between two or more coils or
conductors. When the magnetic field of one coil changes due to
a varying current passing through it, it induces an electromotive
force (EMF) or voltage in an adjacent coil or conductor. This
induced EMF can lead to the flow of current in the secondary coil
or conductor, resulting in a transfer of electrical energy between
them.
Some detailed explanation of the working principle of mutual

induction:
Primary and secondary coils : Mutual induction typically involves

two coils, known as the primary coil and the secondary coil.
These coils are wound around a core material, such as iron,
ferrite, or air, to enhance the magnetic coupling between them.
Varying current in the primary coil : When an alternating current

(AC) or a changing current flows through the primary coil, it
generates a magnetic field around the coil. The magnetic field
intensity varies with the current, which means that the field's
strength and polarity change as the current oscillates.
Magnetic field interaction : The changing magnetic field created

by the primary coil extends into the space surrounding the coils.
When the secondary coil is placed within the magnetic field, it
"cuts" the lines of magnetic flux. This cutting of magnetic lines
induces a voltage in the secondary coil, according to Faraday's
law of electromagnetic induction. The induced voltage is
proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux and the
number of turns in the secondary coil.
Induced EMF and current : The induced voltage in the secondary

coil can drive an electric current through the secondary coil if the
circuit is closed. This current flows in response to the induced
EMF, and its magnitude and direction depend on the rate of
change of the magnetic field and the properties of the secondary
coil.
MATERIALS USED
COPPER WIRE
ONE SMALL LED LIGHT
ONE 9V BATTERY AND ITS CAP
CONNECTING WIRES
SWITCH
APPLICATIONS
Mutual induction is a fundamental concept in
electromagnetism and has numerous practical
applications in various electrical and electronic
devices. It occurs when a change in current in one
coil or conductor induces an electromotive force
(EMF) and subsequently a current in an adjacent coil
or conductor. Here are some common applications
of mutual induction:
Transformers : Transformers are perhaps the most

wellknown application of mutual induction. They are
used to step up or step down alternating current
(AC) voltages for transmission and distribution of
electrical power. Transformers consist of two coils
(primary and secondary) wound around a magnetic
core. When an alternating current flows through the
primary coil, it induces a voltage in the secondary
coil, allowing power to be transferred efficiently.
Inductive proximity sensors : These sensors use

mutual induction to detect the presence or absence
of metallic objects without physical contact. When a
metal object approaches the sensor, it changes the
magnetic field in the coil, which induces a current
and triggers a response.
Inductive heating : Induction heating is used in

various applications, such as metal hardening,
cooking, and industrial processes. An alternating
current in a coil induces an alternating magnetic
field, and when a conductive material is placed in
this field, eddy currents are generated in the
material, causing it to heat up due to electrical
resistance.
Wireless charging : Mutual induction is the principle

behind wireless charging technology, commonly
used for charging smartphones, electric
toothbrushes, and other electronic devices. A
transmitting coil in a charging pad generates an
alternating magnetic field that induces a current in a
receiving coil within the device, allowing for wireless
power transfer.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
NCERT TEXTBOOK CLASS XII
PHYSICS LAB MANUAL
www.wikipedia.org
www.yahoo.com
www.google.com
www.studoco.com

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BHARTI PUBLIC SCHOOL

NAME : SHREYANSH JAIN

This is to certify that SHREYANSH JAIN of class: XII - B

I certify this project up to my expectation & as per

It is with pleasure that I acknowledge my sincere

I am especially indebted to our Principal,

Finally, I would like to express my sincere

To study the phenomenon

This elegant principle, first demonstrated by

Mutual induction is a cornerstone of modern

Some detailed explanation of the working principle of mutual

Primary and secondary coils : Mutual induction typically involves

Varying current in the primary coil : When an alternating current

Magnetic field interaction : The changing magnetic field created

Induced EMF and current : The induced voltage in the secondary

Transformers : Transformers are perhaps the most

Inductive proximity sensors : These sensors use

Inductive heating : Induction heating is used in

Wireless charging : Mutual induction is the principle

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