wavesi

l
i t
•
t

"
÷→i÷ {Take ref from the

animation.}
1) Have is a disturbance f r o m equilibrium
position which t r a v e l . -

2) particle do not travel, particle only oscillates.

3) Energy travels, momentum travels.

4) Disturbance in fo r m of pressure, density,

displacement variation.
 types of waves: (medium).

Mechanical ware Non-Mechanical w a v e .

which r e q u i r e medium D o not require

t o Tr a v e l . medium to Travel.

1) W a v e i n
2 '
sound w a v e stringy 1) Electromagnetic -
w a v e .

3) Wave i n a i r column. ✓ (vacuum).

(EMU).

Types of w a v e s : ( M o t i o n o f a particle).

I →
Tr a n s v e r s e W a v e Longitudinal w a v e .

If} Particle motion

EFT → Have ← • → → Have
motion.
motion.
?

(It happens in a string) (sound wave)

Tr a n s l a t e d
w a v e

,µ particle.

Logitudinalklav
compression s a n d waves
§. I.fm# (low). ←

" o o o
..
1 I
r a r efraction
density (high)
(happening
collision i s

)
 General Equation of Wa v e

Y = f (x, t)
time.
D Y is a function of a * E-

21
yr → Displacement, pressure, density, E -2 5
(Disturbance). A a

Electric feild)
Magnetic Feild.
3)
¥€÷iN→±
(distance).

Egf y = 2 x- 3 t J a n y value of a let

I t is a wave ? ' y ' should be valid.

No
How to check equation i s
a a
wave?
" 21¥ =
K 22¥, CK f o ) (K-constant)

in
y should be defined f o r all value of
a let. m y n a

-
,

GF
y = A sinwt I i s i t a
wave?

¥ .
i w i i i i . i o , = O
-
Joe
-Aw2sinwt ✓
12¥ =
02g
✓
't i O
22g =
K 221 ¥2
¥ 2 2×2
k ¥ I t is not a w a v e .

[notdefined
ii, y =
1091¥21
X t 2 T = - v e value.

log C-v e )
=p
Not defined!
Not a w a v e .

iii) 9=2#3T
20C +3T = O

y =
to ( n o t defined)

Not a wave.
 wave equation:
plane progelassive H a v e equation.

y=Asin(wt-k#←
22g
vw£}
¥
=

§[constant.
cwt-K,} velocity
Have

I
0¥, = - A K Coslwt-Koo)
If = A#cos

gyp =
- A w , s i n ,w e * ×, gz = , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
E x

-fat sincwtfk x ) = K (Afd) sinfutkx)

velocity)?
constant =-4¥ = (wave

wave velocity.
V-µ = co.oftof.LI
c o . est o f Dc

fire r e p dirr t)
 How to find direction of wa ve ?
i) C-ar-bt) (oo) ( a x tbt) → same
sign
✓ u

→ - v e o c direction

ii) f a x + bt) o r (ax-bt) → opp sign.

✓ V
→ + v e x direction
i)
y A
sin,f¥kx)
=

'| ( W- E )
=µ.monon
i) magnitude velocity: Vw
of w a v e =

¥
Ii) Direction i, i , i , ; along ' + K '
 ÷÷÷¥i¥¥¥am÷¥I
Adiabatic proceed

¥¥§¥p,
|
Po + op =
P, (no HT)
puree
✓ rid, + dpuro
dpvY=-pie# " d r
Eh'¥fIp%%dv
E F - m a c a r,

t÷¥dv A
due Ada
M a
=-p¥ A

f= ¥ a = - P r fA2)dx
wifi
=¥F¥ T m
PILL
a x € w2=
summarily w a v e equation.
1) y = A sin (Wh-Ka + of)
F - i n i t i a l phase.
I 0=0)

µµ→-
2)
=V¥ =

Gingg
Relation between have velocity a n d particle
velocity:

w e k n ow

y = A s i n (wt-Koe t o ) . (w velocity.
From SAM. (particle). Vw=&
ave
velocity; =dg A w cosc wt-Kato) - 1 0
up ¥ =

µ¥ ¥
¥÷¥±€i}
Ate n e o ) - ②
sloped, adz?-

Divide egu ①&@

¥¥, =
-1¥) (Yo--1¥)?¥)
Vp=-2¥&
M I (Formula).

÷i¥÷÷÷÷
"
Vp = - V w (slope)

÷¥¥. slope= - v e

4
1) Vp = - V w ( t r e ) 2) Vpq=-Vw f -v e )
You = + v e (up).
Vp = - v e . (down,

M I : shift the wave.

f÷i÷an÷÷¥
 phase

Y = A Sin ( W h - Ko e to).
-

phase.
t.
T h i s w i l l g i v e complete information
about disp. o f a particle.

..@B..... 1¥13
÷O÷÷÷÷tE¥±Ai
A
change i n phase:b/w:

{¥=2¥ A→ B → of =
IL
Let
¥
=

III. 2¥ B→ E → 001=311
o f =
394.
 ÷:÷÷÷:
C
÷Q÷÷÷t¥÷¥¥
•

Iain.
phasor
diagram.

ware diagram. (y vs t).

 Q) y = 0 . 2 s i n
¥Q¥¥ -

¥).
Find the cliff t i m e between t w o
in
S a m e t particlew h i c h h a s 6 0 phase
position of
diff.
If

(t.is#.sr
8¥ =

2¥ I
2¥
W = 2 1 1
a t =
0/0 I 12

=tElE*l
21T

T : 1 2
a t
If ¥
=
=

0 k ¥
 position-dif.
Twoparl-icle: w - s a m e .
£ - s a m e .

"§'
'°""

§.÷÷i÷[¥¥*
'
' " '

t ¥ 7
t

y,
= A
sin@t-ke)-①

..@B.....#£2

§.÷÷i÷.¥¥*
E E .
Y, = A sin (wt-K 0¥).-②

of = wtf-K x , ¥ kX2.
 0/0 = K (Ka-De,)

oof = k 0 $

F r w a v e number.-

# =

2¥)
0/0=2×10×2
# 360'

Infant
e.
I,4¥=2€
Relation btw phath dist a n d phone diff
001- phase diff o x - p a t h c l i f f.
* y = 0 . 2 sin 21T
(¥-¥).

¥i 4
t
4 ,
" t ①h a t h diff@x )
£7 '

a n y

/
0¥ =
2¥ K =

2¥

of =

2¥ o x 2¥ =
2¥

=
21¥x 2 1 5 ¥
2 1

0 0 ¥
Wa v e speed o n a string:

FYI:.
.

% "m#string.

h ¥ § z

String dm
→ Force → Te n s i o n .
My =

a
d n t E=dm¥

"÷i÷i÷÷¥¥i¥
dm.im#- 'Iino.

¥.at. dMVI=2Tsi
no.
since =

dl¥ =
¥ I dmv¥ = 12T,¥y

dmv'-Fdl.
My#v' Tdd = Linearm a n denity
µ
de
=

l e V ? T

v=f@