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    Composition of Hadith

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    Composition of Hadith

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    Composition of Hadith

    Uploaded by

    imhassanofficial.pk

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Composition of Hadith

    It is widely known among Muslims all over the world that any specific wording of the
    Messenger ‫ ﷺ‬of Allah SWT on a given topic or theme of subject is known as a “Hadith”. It
    is obligatory upon every disciple of Islam to know, act upon and spread the Proverbs of
    Rasulullah ‫ ﷺ‬as these are the words full of wisdom which result in one`s success both in
    this world and in the hereafter. Hadith, in general is composed of three basic components
    which are given below:
    1. Matn/Content: It is the main passage which is the actual centre of attraction for the
    reader. It normally tells about the right way of actions in different circumstances of
    life.
    2. Isnad/Sequence of Reporters: A series of correspondents through which Hadith has
    spread.
    3. Taraf/Introductory Text: The earlier portion of main substance which acts as a
    groundwork for further lesson present in the Saying. It usually acts as a reference
    towards the deeds or personality of the Holy Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
    These are the necessary three constituents which need to be present in any text for
    naming it as a Hadith.

    Categorization of Hadith
    The taxonomy of the Prophetic (PBUH) axioms has been very carefully devised
    according to different sets of classifications along with their further kinds. Following are
    the five basic arrangements of Ahadiths on the basis of particular grounds:

    1. According to reference to a particular Authority


    2. According to the links of Isnad
    3. According to a number of reporters
    4. According to nature of Matn and Isnad
    5. According to Authenticity of Correspondents

    Now let us briefly discuss these classes of Hadith one by one:

    i) According to Reference to a Particular Authority


    According to careful research, Hadith is divided into four additional kinds under this
    category:

    1. Qudsi: meaning “Divine”. It is a Heavenly text which was directly sent upon the Holy
    Prophet (PBUH), Who passed it on to His followers Himself.
    2. Marfu`: meaning “Elevated”. It has got very important status in Islam as it was
    directly heard from the Messenger (PBUH) of God Himself by His companions and
    was brought forward.
    3. Mauquf: meaning “Stopped”. It is a kind of command which was directly given by
    Rasulullah (PBUH) to His cohorts who forwarded it.
    4. Maqtu`: meaning “Severed”. It is a form of Instruction which is plainly described by
    Successor in his own words.
    ii) According to the links of Isnad
    Hadith is further divided into six groups under this category:

    1. Musnad: meaning “Supported”. Isnad being reported by a well known companion of


    the Holy Prophet (PBUH) although final narrator might not be with Him at that time.
    2. Muttasil: meaning “Continuous”. The one with undisturbed Isnad relating back to
    rightful friend or its heir.
    3. Mursal: meaning “Hurried”. It missed a connection between the storyteller and the
    Messenger (PBUH).
    4. Munqati`: meaning “Broken”. Hadith with a link being absent before it reaches the
    Successor of the actual narrator.
    5. Mu`adal: meaning “Perplexing”. The one in which narrator misses multiple reported
    in an order in Isnad of the Hadith.
    6. Mu`allaq: meaning “Hanging”. It fails to spot the complete Isnad of the Hadith.
    iii) According to a number of reporters
    It is divided into two more sub-groups:

    1. Mutawatir: meaning “Consecutive”. Hadith being reported such a large number of


    rightful companions that it is agreed upon as authentic.
    2. Ahad: meaning “Isolated”. The one which has been narrated by a countable number
    of people.
    It has been further categorized into three sub-types:

    1. Mash’hur: meaning “Famous”. Hadith which is related by more than two individuals.
    2. Aziz: meaning “Rare yet Strong”. The one having only two reporters in its Isnad.
    3. Gharib: meaning “Strange”. Saying of Holy Prophet (PBUH) with only one narrator
    in its Isnad.
    iv) According to nature of Matn and Isnad
    It is split into two major kinds:

    1. Munkar: meaning “Denounced”. A Hadith belonging to a weak reporter.


    2. Mudraj: meaning “Interpolated”. The one having some adding up of words to the
    authentic Hadith by its narrator.
    v) According to Authenticity of Correspondents
    It has the following three categories:

    1. Sahih: meaning “Sound”. A hadith reported by a trustworthy reporter known for his
    truthfulness, knowledge, correct way of narrations etc.
    2. Hasan: meaning “Good”. The one whose reporters are know and is clear-cut.
    3. Da`if: meaning “Weak”. A hadith ranking under that of Hasan because of failing to
    address the Isnad properly.
    4. Maudu`: meaning “Fabricated”. Hadith having wording opposite to the confirmed
    Prophetic (PBUH) traditions.
    In short, Hadith is an integral part of Islamic teachings through which Muslims all over the
    world get insight about many aspects of life. Therefore, one must know about its different
    kinds so as to become able to distinguish the authentic ones from the rest which have
    weak links in its key constituents.

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