I Succeed2024MathsStandardSP14

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Mathematics (Standard) Class 10th

SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER 14


Detailed Solutions

1. (b) Given, tan a = 1 and sec b = 2 8 27 + 8


6. (b) We have,
éQ tan 45°= 1, ù 3
Þ a = 45° and b = 45° ê ú 8 3 ´ 3 ´ 3 + 2 ´ 2 ´2
ësec 45°= 2 û =
Therefore, a + b = 45° + 45° = 90 °. 3
1 1 24 3 2 2 2 3 2
2. (c) cos 2 q + = cos 2 q + = + = 24 + 2 ´ = 24 + 6
1 + cot 2 q cosec 2 q 3 3 3 3 3

[Qcosec 2 x - cot 2 x = 1] Q 6 is an irrational number.


2 2
= cos q + sin q = 1 2 2
[Q cos x + sin x = 1] We know that sum of rational and irrational numbers
is an irrational number.
3. (a) Given, pair of linear equations is 2
\ 24 + 6 is also an irrational number.
x + 2y = 5 …(i) 3
and 7 x + 3 y = 13 …(ii)
7. (b) Number of possible outcomes = 52
On multiplying Eq. (i) by 7 and then subtracting from
Number of favourable outcomes i.e. card bears an
Eq. (ii), we get
even number in black =10
3 y - 14 y = 13 - 35 10 5
Þ - 11y = - 22 = y = 2 \ Required probability = =
52 26
Then, from Eq. (i), we get
8. (a) Let three numbers in AP be a - d , a, a + d .
x + 2 (2 ) = 5 Þ x = 5 - 4
According to the question,
Þ x =1
a - d + a + a + d = 27
Hence, the values of x and y are 1 and 2, respectively. Þ 3 a = 27 Þ a = 9
4. (c) Given, angle subtended by sector at centre = 120° Also, (a - d )a(a + d ) = 405
Radius of circle = 22 cm Þ a(a2 - d 2 ) = 405
q 9(92 - d 2 ) = 405
We know that length of arc = ´ 2 pr Þ
360 ° 405
120 ° Þ 81 - d 2 =
= ´ 2 p ´ 22 9
360 °
Þ d 2 = 81 - 45 Þ d 2 = 36
1 22
= ´2 ´ ´ 22 \ d = ±6
3 7
484 2 9. (a) Here, on joining three cubes, we get a cuboid
= ´ whose
7 3
= 46. 09 cm length, l = 5 + 5 + 5 = 15 cm
breadth, b = 5 cm
5. (c) Each student have same number of pens and
pencils so, maximum number of students and height, h = 5 cm
= HCF (1001, 910 ) \ Required surface area of the resulting solid
Prime factorisation of 1001 and 910 = Surface area of new cuboid
1001 = 11 ´ 91 = 2(lb + bh + hl )

910 = 10 ´ 90 = 2 (15 ´ 5 + 5 ´ 5 + 5 ´ 15)


\ HCF (11 ´ 91, 10 ´ 91) = 91 = 2 (75 + 25 + 75) = 2 (175) = 350 cm 2
10. (d) We have, point A =(- 3, 2 ) and point B = (7, 3). Þ k ³ 24 and k £ 36

Let point C(x, y ) divides the line AB in ratio 3 : 2. \ 24 £ k £ 36


3 2 14. (b) We know that
A(–3, 2) C(x, y) B(7, 3) Mode = 3 Median - 2 Mean
Then, using section formula Þ 75 = 3 ´ Median - 2 ´ 45
Coordinates of C [Q Mode = 75, Mean = 45]
æ mx 2 + nx1 my2 + ny1 ö Þ 3 Median = 75 + 90
= çç , ÷ 165
è m+n m + n ÷ø \ Median = = 55
3
æ 3 ´ 7 + 2 ´ (- 3) 3 ´ 3 + 2 ´ 2 ö
= çç , ÷÷ 15. (a) We know that length of tangents drawn from an
è 3+ 2 3+ 2 ø external point to a circle are equal.
21 - 6 9 + 4 ö = æ , ö = æ 3, 13 ö
15 13
= æç , ÷ ç ÷ ç ÷ \ CQ = CP
è 5 5 ø è 5 5ø è 5ø and BP = BR = 4 cm [Q BR = 4 cm ]
11. (a) Given, 5th term, a5 = 15 Now, CP = BC - BP
and 9th term, a9 = 5 Þ CP = 7 - 4 = 3 cm [Q BC = 7 cm]
\ CQ = 3 cm
Let a and d be the first term and common difference,
respectively of given AP. Hence, AC = AQ + QC = 5 + 3 [Q AQ = 5 cm]
AC = 8 cm
Q an = a + (n - 1) d
\ a5 = a + 4 d = 15 ...(i) 16. (b) We have, point P =(- 3, - 5)and point Q = (4, - 3).
and a9 = a + 8 d = 5 ...(ii) Let the point R(x, 0 ) on X-axis be equidistant from
On subtracting Eq. (i) from Eq. (ii), we get point P and Q.
5 \ PR = QR
4 d = - 10 Þ d = -
2 Þ (- 3 - x ) + ( - 5 - 0 )2 = (4 - x )2 + (- 3 - 0 )2
2

-5
On putting d = in Eq. (i), we get [using distance formula]
2
On squaring both sides, we get
5
a + 4 æç - ö÷ = 15 Þ a = 25 (- 3 - x )2 + 25 = (4 - x )2 + 9
è 2ø
Þ 9 + x 2 + 6x + 25 = 16 + x 2 - 8x + 9
Now, 13th term of AP = a13 = a + 12d
Þ 14x = 25 - 25 - 9
5
= 25 + 12 ´ æç - ö÷ = 25 - 30 Þ x=
-9
è 2ø 14
=-5 æ -9 ö
Hence, the point ç , 0 ÷ is equidistant from point P
12. (b) We have, 2 x + y = 37 ...(i) è 14 ø
and Q.
and 5x + 2 y = 85 ...(ii)
From Eq. (i), we get 17. (d) According to given condition,
y = 37 - 2 x (1 - 4)2 + (0 - p)2 = 5
On putting y = 37 - 2 x in Eq. (ii), we get [Q distance formula = (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 - y1 )2 ]
5x + 2(37 - 2 x ) = 85
Þ 9 + p2 = 5
Þ 5x + 74 - 4x = 85 Þ x = 11
On squaring both sides,we get
On putting x = 11 in Eq. (i), we get
9 + p2 = 25 Þ p2 = 16
22 + y = 37 Þ y = 37 - 22 Þ y = 15
\ p=± 4
Hence, (x, y ) = (11, 15)
18. (c) We know that
13. (b) Given, equations x 2 + kx + 144 = 0 and
LCM × HCF = Product of two numbers
x 2 - 12 x + k = 0 have real roots.
Q Discriminant, D = b2 - 4ac ³ 0 Given, LCM = 350
Þ (k 2 - 4 ´ 144) ³ 0 Product of two numbers = 25 ´ 70
and (-12 )2 - 4 ´ 1 ´ k ³ 0 \ 350 ´ HCF = 25 ´ 70
2 25 ´ 70
Þ k - 576 ³ 0 and 144 - 4k ³ 0 Þ HCF = =5
Þ k 2 ³ 576 and 4k £ 144 350
19. (a) We know that For no solution, (1)
2
cos q £ 1 a1 b1 c1 p - 5 -2
= ¹ Þ = ¹
Þ sec 2 q ³ 1 a2 b2 c 2 8 3 -7
4x y é 4xy ù On taking first two terms, we get
Þ sec 2 q = ³ 1 êgiven, sec 2 q =
(x + y )2 ë ( x + y )2 úû p=
- 5´8
Þ p=
- 40
3 3 (1)
Þ 4x y ³ (x + y )2
Þ 4xy ³ x 2 + y 2 + 2 xy 22. Given, angle of elevation ÐACB = 30 °
Þ 2 2
x + y - 2 xy £ 0 Distance between observer C and tower AB
Þ (x - y ) £ 02 i.e. BC = 20 3 m
A
Hence, both Assertion and Reason are true and
Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
20. (a) Let r and q be the radius of circle and angle h
subtended by sector at the centre of circle.
30°
We know that B C
20Ö3 m
q
Area of sector = ´ pr 2 Let h be the height of tower. (1)
360 °
According to the question, Now, In DABC
q 6 Perpendicular AB
´ pr 2 = ´ pr 2 [Qarea of circle = pr 2 ] tan 30° = =
360 ° 18 Base BC
q 6 1 h éQ tan 30 ° = 1 ù
Þ = Þ =
3 20 3 êë 3 úû
360 ° 18
6 ´ 360 ° 20 3
Þ q= Þ q = 120 ° Þ h=
18 3
Hence, Assertion is true and Reason is also true and Þ h = 20 m (1)
Reason is correct explanation of Assertion. Hence, the height of tower is 20 m.
21. Let number of ` 200 notes Meena received be x and 23. In DABC, LM || BC
number of ` 500 notes be y.
\ By basic proportionality theorem, we get
According to the question,
AM AL
Total money withdrawn = ` 16000 = …(i)
AB AC
Þ 200 x + 500 y = 16000
B
Þ 2 x + 5 y = 160 ...(i)
And total number of notes = 50 M
Þ x + y = 50 ...(ii) (1) L
A C
On multiplying by 2 in Eq. (ii), we get
2 x + 2 y = 100 ...(iii)
N
On subtracting Eq. (iii) from Eq. (i), we get
3 y = 60 Þ y = 20 D

On putting y = 20 in Eq. (ii), we get Again, in DAML and DABC,


x = 30 ÐAML = ÐABC [corresponding angles]
Hence, number of ` 200 notes = 30 ÐALM = ÐACB [corresponding angles]
and number of ` 500 notes = 20 (1) [by AA similarity criterion]
Or \ DAML ~ DABC
Given, pair of linear equations is Then, we have
px - 5 y - 2 = 0 and 8x + 3 y - 7 = 0. AM ML
= …(ii)
On comparing with a1x + b1 y + c1 = 0 and AB BC
a2 x + b2 y + c 2 = 0, we get From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we have
ML AL
a1 = p, b1 = - 5 , c1 = - 2, a2 = 8, b2 = 3 and c 2 = - 7 = Hence proved. (1)
BC AC
24. Given, radius of circle = 15 cm. 25. Let the zeroes of the polynomial 2 x 2 - 5x - 3 be a
Let O be centre of circle and AO and BO are radius of and b.
Coefficient of x -5 5
circle. Then, a + b = - = - æç ö÷ = …(i)
Angle of sector in a quadrant = 90 ° Coefficient of x 2 è2 ø 2
(1)
B
C
Constant term -3
and ab = 2
= …(ii)
15 cm Coefficient of x 2
A O Now, zeroes of polynomial x 2 + kx + l are 2a and 2b.
\ Sum of zeroes = 2 a + 2b = 2(a + b ) = - k
5
Þ 2 æç ö÷ = - k [using Eq. (i)]
90 ° è2ø
Area of quadrant AOBCA = ´ pr 2
360 ° Þ k = -5
1 and product of zeroes = 2 a × 2b = 4ab = l
= ´ p ´ (15)2
4 -3
Þ l = 4 æç ö÷ = - 6 [using Eq. (ii)]
225p è2 ø
= cm 2
4 Hence, the value of k and l are -5 and -6, respectively.
1 (1)
Area of triangle AOB = ´ AO ´ BO
2 (1) 26. The given sequence 1, 6, 11, 16, … x, is in AP with
1
[Q area of triangle = ´ base ´ height] first term, a = 1 and common difference,
2
d = 6 - 1 = 11 - 6 = 16 - 11 = 5.
1 225
= ´ 15 ´ 15 = cm 2 Let n be the number of terms in the given sequence.
2 2
Then, sum of n terms, S n = 148 [given]
Area of segment ABCA = Area of quadrant AOBCA - n
Þ [2 ´ 1 + (n - 1) ´ 5] = 148
Area of DAOB 2 éQ S = n [2 a + (n - 1) d ]ù
225p 225 225 é p êë n úû
= - = - 1ù 2
4 2 2 ëê 2 úû
Þ n [2 + 5n - 5] = 148 ´ 2
225 é 22 - 14 ù 225 8
= = ´ Þ n [5n - 3] = 296
2 êë 14 úû 2 14 2
Þ 5n - 3n - 296 = 0 (1)
= 64.28 cm 2 (1)
Using quadratic formula, we have
Or
-(-3) ± (-3)2 - 4 ´ 5 ´ (-296)
Let ACB be the given arc subtending an angle of 90° n=
2 ´5
at the centre.
é - b ± b2 - 4ac ù
Given, radius, r = 28 cm and q = 90° êQ x = ú
2a
ëê ûú
3 ± 9 + 5920
=
10
O
3 ± 5929 3 ± 77
90° = =
10 10
3 + 77 80
A B Þ n= = =8
10 10
C
3 - 77 74
q or n= =-
(i) Length of arc ACB = ´ 2 pr 10 10
360 °
90 ° 22 [which is not possible.]
= ´ 2 ´ ´ 28 = 44 cm \ n=8 (1)
360 ° 7
(1)
q Now, nth term, an = x [given]
(ii) Area of the sector OACBO = ´ pr 2
360 ° Þ a + (n - 1) d = x [Q an = a + (n - 1) d ]
90 ° 22 Þ 1 + (8 - 1) ´ 5 = x Þ x = 1 + 7 ´ 5
= ´ ´ 28 ´ 28
360 ° 7 [Q n = 8, a = 1, d = 5]
2464 Þ x = 1 + 35 Þ x = 36 (1)
= = 616 cm 2
8 (1)
27. Given, 3 is an irrational number. Þ 4sin 2 q = 4 - 3
Now, let us assume that (10 + 5 3 ) is a rational Þ 4sin 2 q = 1 (1)
a 1 1
number. Then, it will be of the form , where a, b are Þ 2
sin q = Þ sin q =
b 4 2
coprime integers and b ¹ 0. [Q taking positive square root as q
a is an acute angle]
Now, 10 + 5 3 =
b (1)
Þ cosec q = 2
On rearranging, we get
a and cos q = 1 - sin 2 q
5 3 = - 10
b 2
1 1
a = 1 - æç ö÷ = 1 -
Þ 3= -2 è2ø 4
5b
a 4-1 3 3
Since, and 2 are rational numbers. = = = (1)
5b 4 4 2
So, their difference will be rational 2
Þ sec q =
\ 3 is rational number. (1) 3
But 3 is an irrational number. 2
Now, sec q + cosec q = +2 Hence proved. (1)
So, this contradicts the fact that 3 is irrational. 3
Therefore, our assumption is wrong. 29. Let the points ( -1, - 2 ), (1, 0), ( -1, 2 ), ( -3, 0) be denoted
Hence, 10 + 5 3 is an irrational number. (1) by A, B, C and D, respectively. Then,
28. LHS = (sec A - sin A) (cosec A + cos A) AB = (1+ 1)2 + ( 0 + 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
1 1 [Q distance = (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 - y1 )2 ]
= æç - sin Aö÷ æç + cos Aö÷
è cos A ø è sin A ø
1 - sin Acos A ö æ 1 + sin Acos A ö BC = ( -1- 1)2 + (2 - 0)2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2
=ç æ
÷ç ÷
è cos A øè sin A ø CD = ( -3 + 1)2 + ( 0 - 2 )2 = 4 + 4 = 2 2 (1)
2 2
(1 - sin Acos A) 2 2
and ,AD = ( -3 + 1) + ( 0 + 2 ) = 4 + 4 = 2 2
= [Q (a - b) (a + b) = a2 - b2 ]
sin A × cos A
(1) Here, we see that AB = BC = CD = AD (1)
sin 2 A + cos 2 A - sin 2 A × cos 2 A So, ABCD is either a square or a rhombus.
=
sin A × cos A
Now, diagonal
[Q sin 2 q + cos 2 q = 1]
AC = ( -1+ 1)2 + (2 + 2 )2
sin 2 A - sin 2 Acos 2 A + cos 2 A
= = 0 + 16 = 4
sin Acos A
2 2
sin A (1 - cos A) + cos A 2 BD = ( -3 - 1)2 + ( 0 - 0)2
=
sin Acos A = 16 + 0 = 4
sin 2 A × sin 2 A + cos 2 A 2 2 Q Diagonal AC = Diagonal BD
= [Q sin q = 1 - cos q]
sin Acos A
Hence, ABCD is a square. (1)
sin 4 A + cos 2 A
= Or
sin Acos A (1)
Given that the point P (2, 1) lies on the line segment
sin 4 A cos 2 A sin 3 A cos A joining the points A(4, 2 ) and B(8, 4), which is shown in
= + = +
sin Acos A sin Acos A cos A sin A the figure below.
sin A P (2, 1) B (8, 4)
= sin 2 A × + cot A = sin 2 A × tan A + cot A
cos A
A (4, 2)
= RHS (1)
Now, distance between A(4, 2 ) and P(2, 1.)
Or
AP = (2 - 4)2 + (1 - 2 )2
Given, 7 sin 2 q + 3 cos 2 q = 4
[Q distance between two points (x1, y1 ) and (x 2 , y2 ),
Þ 4sin 2 q + 3sin 2 q + 3cos 2 q = 4
d = (x 2 - x1 )2 + ( y2 - y1 )2 ]
Þ 4sin 2 q + 3 (sin 2 q + cos 2 q) = 4
Þ 4sin 2 q + 3 = 4 = (- 2 )2 + (- 1)2
[Qsin 2 x + cos 2 x = 1] = 4 + 1 = 5 units (1)
Distance between A(4, 2 ) and B(8, 4) Now, we have the following table.
2 2
AB = (8 - 4) + (4 - 2 ) Class Class Frequency x i - 75.5
ui = fi ui
Interval Mark ( xi ) ( fi ) 3
= (4)2 + (2 )2
( 66.5 - 75.5) ¸ 3
65-68 66.5 2 2 ´ ( - 3) = - 6
= 16 + 4 = 20 =-3
= 2 5 units ( 69.5 - 75.5) ¸ 3
68-71 69.5 4 4 ´ (- 2 ) = - 8
Þ AB = 2 5 = 2 AP (1) = -2
AB (72.5 - 75.5) ¸ 3
Þ AP = 71-74 72.5 3 3 ´ ( - 1) = - 3
2 = -1
AB
On comparing with AP = , we get (75.5 - 75.5) ¸ 3
8´0= 0
k 74-77 75.5 8
=0
k =2 (1) (78.5 - 75.5) ¸ 3
77-80 78.5 7 7 ´1= 7
30. Given, PR = QR =1
and PX ´ QY = PR 2 ( 815
. - 75.5) ¸ 3
80-83 81.5 4 4 ´2 = 8
In DPQR, =2
PR = QR [given]
83-86 84.5 2
( 84.5 - 75.5) ¸ 3
2 ´3= 6
\ ÐRPQ = ÐRQP ...(i) (1) =3

[Q angles opposite to equal sides are also equal] Total Sfi = 30 Sfi u i = 4

Þ 180 ° - ÐXPR = 180 ° - ÐRQY [by linear pair] (2)


éSf u ù
Þ ÐXPR = ÐRQY \ x = a+ h ê i iú
Now, PX ´ QY = PR 2 ë S fi û
PX PR 4 4
Þ = = 75. 5 + 3 ´ = 75. 5 +
PR QY (1) 30 10
PX PR = 75. 5 + 0.4 = 75. 9
Þ = ...(ii) [PR = QR ]
QR QY Thus, the mean heart beat per minute is 75.9. (2)
\ DXPR ~ DRQY [by SAS similarity criterion] x - 4 x - 6 10
33. We have, + =
Hence, ÐXRP = ÐRYQ (1) x - 5 x -7 3
(x - 4)(x - 7 ) + (x - 6)(x - 5) 10
31. Let p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 2 ax + 5x + 10 Þ =
(x - 5)(x - 7 ) 3 (1)
Since, x + a is a factor of p(x ).
(x 2 - 11x + 28) + x 2 - 11x + 30 10
\ f (- a) = 0 Þ =
x 2 - 12 x + 35 3
Þ 2 (- a)2 + 2 a(- a) + 5(- a) + 10 = 0
Þ 2 a2 - 2 a2 - 5a + 10 = 0 Þ 3(2 x 2 - 22 x + 58) = 10(x 2 - 12 x + 35)
Þ 5a = 10 Þ 4x 2 - 54x + 176 = 0 (2)
2
Þ a=2 (1½) Þ 2 x - 27 x + 88 = 0 [dividing by 2]
So, p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 2 ´ 2 ´ x + 5x + 10 Þ 2 x 2 - 16x - 11x + 88 = 0
= 2 x 2 + 4x + 5x + 10 Þ 2 x(x - 8) - 11(x - 8) = 0
Þ p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 9x + 10 Þ (2 x - 11)(x - 8) = 0
Þ p(x ) = 2 x 2 + 5x + 4x + 10 Þ 2 x - 11 = 0 or x - 8 = 0
[by splitting the middle term] 11
\ x = or x = 8
= x (2 x + 5) + 2 (2 x + 5) 2 (2)
\ p(x ) = (2 x + 5)(x + 2 ) (1½) Or
32. Let the assumed mean a = 75. 5 1 1 1 1
We have, = + +
Class size, h = 3 a+ b+ x a b x
x -a 1 1 1 1
\ ui = i Þ - = +
h a+ b+ x x a b
x i - 75.5 x - (a + b + x ) a + b
= Þ = (1½)
3 (1) x( a + b + x ) ab
-(a + b) a+ b BD is a tangent to the smaller circle and OD is a radius
Þ =
x( a + b + x ) ab through the point of contact D.
Þ ab(a + b) + (a + b)x(a + b + x ) = 0
Þ (a + b)[x(a + b + x ) + ab] = 0 (1½) A
O
Þ x(a + b + x ) + ab = 0 [Qa + b ¹ 0]
2
Þ x + ax + bx + ab = 0 B D
E
Þ x(x + a) + b(x + a) = 0
(1)
Þ (x + a)(x + b) = 0 Then, OD ^ BD
Þ x + a = 0 or x + b = 0 Þ OD ^ BE
\ x = - a or x = - b (2) Since, OD is perpendicular to a chord BE of a bigger
circle.
34. Given, radius of cylindrical base = radius of conical
shape = 35 ft. \ BD = DE
[Q perpendicular drawn from the centre to a chord
bisects the chord]
12 ft.
Þ D is the mid-point of BE. (1)
In DBAE, O is the mid-point of AB and D is the
mid-point of BE.
30 ft. 1
\ OD = AE
2
[Q segment joining the mid-points of any two sides
of a triangle is half of the third side]
35 ft. Þ AE = 2(OD ) = 2 ´ 8 = 16 cm (1)
Height of cylindrical shape, H = 30 ft. [QOD = radius of smaller circle = 8 cm ]
and height of conical shape, h = 12 ft. In right angled DODB, using Pythagoras theorem,
2
\ Slant height of conical shape = (12 ) + (35) 2 (OD)2 + ( BD)2 = (OB)2
= 37 ft. (1) Þ BD = (OB)2 - (OD )2 = 132 - 82
(i) Total surface area of interior = Curved surface area [QOB = 13 cm, OD = 8 cm ]
of conical shape + Curved surface area of = 169 - 64 = 105
cylindrical shape + Area of base
Þ DE = BD = 105 (1)
= prl + 2 prH + pr 2 (1)
22 22 22 In right angled DAED, using Pythagoras theorem,
= ´ 35 ´ 37 + 2 ´ ´ 35 ´ 30 + ´ 35 ´ 35
7 7 7 AD = ( AE )2 + (DE )2 = (16)2 + ( 105 )2
22
= ´ 35 [37 + 60 + 35] = 256 + 105 = 361 = 19 cm (1)
7
Or
= 22 ´ 5 [132]
Given, PT and PAB are tangent and secant,
= 14520 sq. ft. (1)
respectively of a circle.
(ii) Volume of building = Volume of conical shape
Also, PT = 6 cm and AB = 5 cm.
+ Volume of cylindrical shape
1 2 h Join OT, OA and OP. Draw OC ^ AB.
= pr h + pr 2 H = p r 2 é + H ù Let radius of circle be r.
3 ê
ë3 úû (1)
22 é 12 ù T
= ´ 35 ´ 35 + 30
7 êë 3 úû
= 22 ´ 5 ´ 35 [34] O
= 130900 cu ft (1)
B
P A C
35. Let the line BD intersects the larger circle at E.
Now, join AE. Here, OT ^ PT [Qtangent is perpendicular to the
Let O be the centre of both circles, then O is radius at the point of contact] (1)
the mid-point of AB. In right angled DOTP,
[Q AB is a diameter of the larger circle] OP 2 = PT 2 + OT 2 [by Pythagoras theorem]
Þ OP 2 = 62 + r 2 Perpendicular AB
(i) In DABD, tan 45° = =
2
Þ OP - r = 36 2 Base BD
20
Þ OP 2 - OA2 = 36 [QOA = OT = r] ...(i) (1) Þ 1= [Q tan 45° = 1]
BD
Also, in right angled DOCA,
Þ BD = 20 m
OA2 = OC 2 + AC 2 [by Pythagoras theorem]
(ii) In DABD, AD 2 = AB 2 + BD 2 = (20 )2 + (20 )2
On putting the value of OA2 in Eq. (i), we get
= 400 + 400 = 800
OP 2 - (OC 2 + AC 2 ) = 36 (1)
Þ AD = 28.28 m (approx.)
Þ OP 2 - OC 2 - AC 2 = 36 Þ PC 2 - AC 2 = 36
perpendicular BC
[Q In DOCP, OP 2 - OC 2 = PC 2 ] (iii) In DBDC, tan 60° = =
base BD
Þ (PC - AC )(PC + AC ) = 36 AB + AC
Þ 3=
[Q a2 - b2 = (a - b)(a + b)] 20
Þ AP(PC + BC ) = 36 20 + AC
Þ 3= [Q tan 60 ° = 3 ]
[Q AC = BC, as perpendicular from centre to the 20
chord bisects the chord, PC - AC = AP] Þ 20 + AC = 20 3 Þ AC = 20 3 - 20
Þ AP(PB) = 36 (1) Þ AC = 20( 3 - 1) = 20 ´ 0.732
Þ AP( AP + AB) = 36 \ AC = 14.64 m (approx.)
Þ AP( AP + 5) = 36 [Q AB = 5 cm] Or
Þ 2
AP + 5 AP - 36 = 0 Þ ( AP + 9)( AP - 4) = 0 Let q be the angle of elevation of the Sun and BE be
Þ AP = 4 or -9 [Q side cannot be negative] (1) the length of the shadow of (tower + flag staff).
C
Hence, AP = 4 cm
36. (i) In DBAC and DOLC, we have A
ÐCAB = ÐCLO = 90 °
ÐC = ÐC [common] q
\ DCAB ~ DCLO [by AA similarity criterion] B E
CA AB p a ph perpendicular BC 1
Then, = Þ = Þx = ...(i) In DCBE, tan q = = =
CL LO x h a base BE 3
(ii) In D ALO and D ACD, we have [given]
Ð ALO = Ð ACD = 90° \ q = 30 ° éQ tan 30 ° = 1 ù
êë 3 úû
ÐA = ÐA [common]
\ D ALO ~ D ACD [by AA similarity criterion] 38. When two coins are tossed, then possible outcomes
AL OL y h ph are HH, HT, TH , TT
Then, = Þ = Þy= ...(ii)
AC DC p b b \Total number of outcomes = 4
(iii) Here, x + y = CL + LA = p (i) Let E1 be the event that Neha gets first chance.
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get \Number of outcomes favourable to E1
ph ph 1 1 (i.e.HT , TH) = 2
x+ y= + = ph æç + ö÷ Number of favourable outcomes
a b è a bø Hence, P(E1 ) =
Total number of outcomes
a + bö ab
Þ p = ph æç ÷ Þh = m …(iii) 2 1
è ab ø a+ b = =
4 2
Or (ii) Let E2 be the event that Lata gets first chance.
Now, a = 5 m and b = 10 m, then \Number of outcomes favourable to E2 (i.e. HH)
\ From Eq. (iii), we get 1
ab 5 ´ 10 50 10 Hence, P(E2 ) =
h= = = = m 4
a + b 5 + 10 15 3 Or Let E3 be the event that Sonia gets first chance.
37. Given, tower AB = 20 m \ Number of outcomes favourable to E3 (i.e. TT)
1
AC = flag staff Hence, P(E3 ) =
4
ÐADB = 45°
(iii) No, as the number of cases favourable to each
ÐCDB = 60 °
one of them is not equal.

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