2024-25

BEWARE OF NEGATIVE MARKING

PHYSICS (PRACTICE TEST)
1 Volume V1 and V2 of a naturally found liquid are 4 A copper sphere is suspended in an evacuated
maintained in two calorimeters at temperatures θ 1 chamber maintained at 300 K. The sphere is
and θ 2 ( θ 2 > θ 1). Coefficient of volume expansion mantained at a constant temperature of 500 K by
of the liquid γ is independent of temperature. Now heating it electrically. A total of 300 W of electric
liquids from both the calorimeter are poured into power is needed to do it. When half of the surface
another calorimeter of negligible heat capacity. of the copper sphere is completely blackened,
Heat loss to the surrounding is strictly restricted. 600W is needed to maintain the same temperature
Find volume V of the mixture after they are well of the sphere. Calculate the emissivity of copper.
mixed is best represented by :- (1) 1
e=
(1) V = V1 + V2 (2) V > V1 + V2 3
(2) 2
(3) V < V1 + V2 (4) Cannot be said e=
3
2 Solid A, with mass M, is at its melting point TA. It (3) e=
1
2
is placed in thermal contact with solid B, with heat
(4) 1
capacity CB and initially at temperature TB (TB > e=
6
TA). The combination is thermally isolated. A has
latent heat of fusion L and when it has melted has
5 A gas takes part in two processes in which it is
heated from the same initial state 1 to the same
heat capacity CA. If A completely melts the final
temperature of both A and B is: final temperature. The processes are shown on the
P – V diagram by the straight line 1 – 2 and 1 – 3. 2
(1) (CATA + CBTB – ML)/(CA + CB)
and 3 are the points on the same isothermal curve.
(2) (CATA – CBTB +ML)/(CA + CB) Q1 and Q2 are the heat transfer along the two
(3) (CATA – CBTB – ML)/(CA + CB) processes. Then:-
(4) (CATA + CBTB +ML)/(CA – CB)
3 The latent heat of vaporization of water at its
boiling point is LV. But water can evaporate at
temperatures below the boiling point. The energy
needed to evaporate unit mass of water at body
temperature will be :-
(1) LV
(1) Q1 = Q2
(2) Less than LV
(2) Q1 < Q2
(3) more than LV
(3) Q1 > Q2
(4) Nothing can't be said
(4) Work done in process 1-3 is greater than that
in process 1-2

7601CJA1010333423006 1/10
 2024-25
6 The specific heat of a metal at low temperatures 9 Some steam at 100°C is passed into 1.1 kg of water
varies according to S = aT3 where a is a constant contained in a calorimeter of water equivalent
and T is the absolute temperature. The heat energy 0.02 kg at 15°C so that the temperature of the
needed to raise unit mass of the metal from T = 1 K calorimeter and its contents rises to 80°C. What is
to T = 2 K is :- the mass of steam condensing. (in kg)
(1) 3 a (2) 15 a (1) 0.130 (2) 0.065
4
2a 12 a
(3) 0.260 (4) 0.135
(3) (4)
3 5 10 Consider a spherical shell of radius R at
7 Three rods of Copper, Brass and Steel are welded temperature T. The black body radiation inside it
together to form a Y-shaped structure. Area of can be considered as an ideal gas of photons with
cross-section of each rod = 4 cm2. End of copper U
internal energy per unit volume u = ∝ T4 and
rod is maintained at 100°C where as ends of brass V
1 U
and steel are kept at 0°C. Lengths of the copper, pressure p = ( ). If the shell now undergoes
3 V
brass and steel rods are 46, 13 and 12 cms an adiabatic expansion the relation between T and
respectively. The rods are thermally insulated from R is -
surroundings except at ends. Thermal [JEE-Main 2015]
conductivities of copper, brass and steel are 0.92,
(1) T ∝ 1 (2) T ∝ 1
0.26 and 0.12 CGS units respectively. Rate of heat
R R3
flow through copper rod is :
(3) T ∝ e–R (4) T ∝ e – 3R

[JEE-Main 2014] 11 Two identical conducting rods are first connected

independently to two vessels, one containing water
(1) 4.8 cal/s (2) 6.0 cal/s
at 100°C and the other containing ice at 0°C. In the
(3) 1.2 cal/s (4) 2.4 cal/s second case, the rods are joined end to end and
8 A cuboid ABCDEFGH is anisotropic with α x = 1 × connected to the same vessels. Let q1 and q2 g/s be
10 – 5 /°C, α y = 2 × 10 – 5 /°C, α z = 3 × 10 – 5 /°C. the rate of melting of ice in the two cases
Coefficient of superficial expansion of faces can be respectively. The ratio q2/q1 is
(1) 1/2 (2) 2/1
(3) 4/1 (4) 1/4
12 The power radiated by a black body is P and it
radiates maximum energy around the wavelength
λ 0. If the temperature of the black body is now
changed so that it radiates maximum energy around
(1) β ABCD = 5 × 10 – 5 /°C wavelength 3/4 λ 0, the power radiated by it will
increase by a factor of :-
(2) β BCGH = 4 × 10 – 5 /°C
(1) 4/3 (2) 16/9
(3) β CDEH = 3 × 10 – 5 /°C
(3) 64/27 (4) 256/81
(4) β EFGH = 2 × 10 – 5 /°C

2/10 7601CJA1010333423006
 2024-25
13 If the temperature of the sun were to increase from 17 One mole of an ideal gas is contained with in a
T to 2T and its radius from R to 2R, then the ratio cylinder by a frictionless piston and is initially at
of the radiant energy received on earth to what it temperature T. The pressure of the gas is kept
was previously, will be- constant while it is heated and its volume doubles.
(1) 4 (2) 16 If R is molar gas constant, the work done by the gas
(3) 32 (4) 64 in increasing its volume is :-

14 A pendulum clock loses 12s in a day if the (1) RT ln 2 (2) 1/2 RT

temperature is 40°C and gains 4s in a day if the (3) RT (4) 3/2 RT
temperature is 20°C. The temperature at which the
clock will show correct time, and the coefficient of
18 A reversible adiabatic path on a P-V diagram for an ideal
gas passes through state A where P = 0.7 × 105 N/m–2 and
linear expansion (a) of the metal of the pendulum
shaft are respectively :- V = 0.0049 m3. The ratio of specific heat of the gas is 1.4.
[JEE-Main 2016] The slope of path at A is :
(1) 55°C ; α = 1.85 × 10 – 2 /°C (1) 2.0 × 107Nm – 5

(2) 25°C ; α = 1.85 × 10 – 5 /°C (2) 1.0 × 107Nm – 5

(3) 60°C ; α = 1.85 × 10 – 4 /°C (3) – 2.0 × 107Nm – 5

(4) 30°C ; α = 1.85 × 10 – 3 /°C (4) – 1.0 × 107Nm – 5

15 During an experiment an ideal gas obeys an 19 A copper ball of mass 100 gm is at a temperature T.
addition equation of state P2V = constant. The It is dropped in a copper calorimeter of mass
initial temperature and pressure of gas are T and V 100gm, filled with 170 gm of water at room
respectively. When it expands to volume 2V, then temperature. Subsequently, the temperature of the
its temperature will be: system is found to be 75°C. T is given by :
(1) T (2) √ 2T (Given : room temperature = 30° C, specific heat of
copper = 0.1 cal/gm°C)
(3) 2T (4) 2√2T
(1) 1250°C (2) 825°C
16 One mole of an ideal diatomic gas is taken through
the cycle as shown in the figure. (3) 800°C (4) 885° C
1 → 2 : isochoric process 20 Cpand Cvare specific heats at constant pressure and
2 → 3 : straight line on P-V diagram constant volume respectively. It is observed that
3 → 1 : isobaric process
The average molecular speed of the gas in the Cp – Cv= a for hydrogen gas
states 1, 2 and 3 are in the ratio Cp – Cv= b for nitrogen gas
The correct relation between a and b is :

[JEE-Main 2017]
(1) a = 14 b (2) a = 28 b
(3) a = 1 (4) a = b
(1) 1 : 2 : 2 (2) 1 : √2 : √2 b
14
(3) 1 : 1 : 1 (4) 1 : 2 : 4

7601CJA1010333423006 3/10
 2024-25
21 The volume of the bulb of a mercury thermometer 24 List-I shows graph of thermodynamics process, and
at 0°C is V0 and cross section of the capillary is A0. List-II contains information about various
The coefficient of linear expansion of glass is α g thermodynamic variables. Correct by match
per °C and the cubical expansion of mercury γ m process in List-I with the information in List-II.
per °C. If the mercury just fills the bulb at 0°C, List-I List-II
what is the length of mercury column in capillary at
T°C.
(1) V0 T ( γ m + 3 α g )
(P) (1) W > 0
A0 ( 1 + 2 α g T )
(2) V0 T ( γ m − 3 α g )
A0 ( 1 + 2 α g T )
(3) V0 T ( γ m + 2 α g )
A0 ( 1 + 3 α g T )
(4) V0 T ( γ m − 2 α g ) (Q) (2) W ≤ 0
A0 ( 1 + 3 α g T )
22 Under an adiabatic process, the volume of an ideal
gas gets doubled. Consequently the mean collision
time between the gas molecule changes from τ 1 to
Cp
τ 2 .If = γ for this gas then a good estimate for
Cv
τ2 (R) (3) Δ Q > 0
is given by :
τ1
[JEE-Main 2020]
(1) γ +1
1 2
(2) 2
( )
2
1 (4) 1
γ
(3) ( )
2 2
23 1 kg of a gas does 20 kJ of work and receives 16 kJ
(S) (4) Δ U > 0
of heat when it is expanded between two states. A
second kind of expansion can be found between the
initial and final state which requires a heat input of
9 kJ. The work done by the gas in the second ΔU ≤
(5)
expansion is : 0

(1) 32 kJ (2) 5 kJ (1) P→1,3,5; Q→2,3,4; R→1,3,4; S→2,5

(3) – 4 kJ (4) 13 kJ (2) P→1,3,4; Q→2,4; R→1,3,5; S→2,5
(3) P→2,3,5; Q→1,3,4; R→1,3,4; S→2,3
(4) P→3,5; Q→3,4; R→1,3,4; S→2,3

4/10 7601CJA1010333423006
 2024-25
25 A gas held in a container enclosed by a piston 27 A water cooler of storage capacity 120 litres can
cool water at constant rate of P watts. In a closed
undergoes expansion such that the rate of collision
circulation system (as shown schematically in the
of molecules among themselves remains constant. figure), the water from the cooler is used to cool an
The process is most appropriately represented by: external device that generates constantly 3 kW of
heat (thermal load). The temperature of water fed
(1) PV2 = constant into the device cannot exceed 30°C and the entire
(2) PV = constant stored 120 litres of water is initially cooled to
10°C. The entire system is thermally insulated. The
(3) PV – 1 = constant
minimum value of P (in watts) for which the device
(4) PV1/2 = constant can be operated for 3 hours is :
26 A human body has a surface area of approximately 1 m2.
The normal body temperature is 10 K above the
surrounding room temperature T0. Take the room
temperature to be T0 = 300 K. For T0 = 300 K, the value
of σ T04 = 460 Wm–2 (where s is the Stefan-Boltzmann
(Specific heat of water is 4.2 kJ kg – 1 K – 1 and the
constant). Which of the following options is/are correct ? density of water is 1000 kg m – 3)
(1) The amount of energy radiated by the body in (1) 1600
1 second is close to 60 Joules (2) 2067
(2) If the surrounding temperature reduces by a small (3) 2533
amount Δ T0 << T0, then to maintain the same (4) 3933
body temperature the same (living) human being 28 Parallel rays of light of intensity I = 912 Wm – 2 are
incident on a spherical black body kept in
needs to radiate Δ W = 4 σ T03 Δ T0 more energy
surroundings of temperature 300 K. Take Stefan-
per unit time
Boltzmann constant σ = 5.7 × 10 – 8 Wm – 2 K – 4
(3) Reducing the exposed surface area of the body and assume that the energy exchange with the
(e.g. by curling up) allows humans to maintain surroundings is only through radiation. The final
the same body temperature while reducing the steady state temperature of the black body is close
energy lost by radiation to :-
(1) 330 K
(4) If the body temperature rises significantly
then the peak in the spectrum of (2) 660 K

electromagnetic radiation emitted by the body (3) 990 K

would shift to longer wavelengths (4) 1550 K

7601CJA1010333423006 5/10
 2024-25
29 Two rectangular blocks, having identical 31 Two thin metallic spherical shells of radii r1 and r2
(r1 < r2) are placed with their centres coinciding. A
dimensions, can be arranged either in configuration
material of thermal conductivity K is filled in the
I or in configuration II as shown in the figure. One space between the shells. The inner shell is
of the blocks has thermal conductivity k and the maintained at temperature θ 1 and the outer shell at
temperature θ 2( θ 1 < θ 2). The rate at which heat
other 2k. The temperature difference between the flows radially through the material is :-
ends along the x-axis is the same in both the (1) 4 π Kr1 r2 ( θ 2 − θ 1 )
r2 − r1
configurations. It takes 9s to transport a certain
(2) π r1 r2 ( θ 2 − θ 1 )
amount of heat from the hot end to the cold end in r2 − r1
the configuration I. The time to transport the same (3) K( θ 2 − θ 1 )
r2 − r1
amount of heat in the configuration II is :-
(4) K( θ 2 − θ 1 )(r2 − r1 )
4 π r1 r2
32 An external pressure P is applied on a cube at 0°C
so that it is equally compressed from all sides. K is
(1) 2.0 s (2) 3.0 s the bulk modulus of the material of the cube and α
(3) 4.5 s (4) 6.0 s is its coefficient of linear expansion. Suppose we
30 If K1 and K2 are the thermal conductivities L1 and want to bring the cube to its original size by
L2 are the lengths and A1 and A2 are the cross heating. The temperature should be raised by :
sectional areas of steel and copper rods respectively (1) 3α (2) 3PK α
PK
K2 A L
such that = 9, 1 = 2, 1 = 2 . Then, for the (3) P (4) P
K1 A2 L2
3αK αK
arrangement as shown in the figure. The value of
33 A copper ball of mass 100 gm is at a temperature
temperature T of the steel- copper junction in the
T. It is dropped in a copper calorimeter of mass
steady state will be :
100gm, filled with 170 gm of water at room
temperature. Subsequently, the temperature of the
system is found to be 75°C. T is given by :
(Given : room temperature = 30° C, specific heat
of copper = 0.1 cal/gm°C)
(1) 18ºC (2) 14 ºC (1) 1250°C (2) 825°C
(3) 45 ºC (4) 150 ºC (3) 800°C (4) 885° C

6/10 7601CJA1010333423006
 2024-25
34 A heated object (at time t = 0 and temperature T = T0) 38 If heat is added at constant volume, 6300 J of heat
is taken out of the oven to cool and placed on a table are required to raise the temperature of an ideal gas
near an open window. Write an expression for its by 150 K. If instead, heat is added at constant
temperature as function of time T, where TS is the pressure, 8800 joules are required for the same
surrounding temperature. temperature change. When the temperature of the
(1) T = Ts − (T0 + Ts ) e−kt
gas changes by 300 K, the change in the internal
energy of the gas is Δ U (in J). Then the value of
(2) T = Ts + (T0 + Ts ) e−kt
Δ U/100 is.
(3) T = TS + (T0 − TS ) e−kt

(4) T = TS − (T0 − TS ) e−kt

39 A block of weight 100 N is suspended by copper and steel
wires of same cross sectional area 0.5 cm2 and 3,
35
√

In a 20m deep lake, the bottom is at a constant length 1 m and 1 m, respectively. Their other ends are fixed
temperature of 4°C. The air temperature is constant on a ceiling as shown in figure. The angles subtended by
at – 10°C. The thermal conductivity of ice is 4 copper and steel wires with ceiling are 30° and 60°,
times that water. Neglecting the expansion of water respectively. If elongation in copper wire is (Δ ℓ C) and
on freezing, the maximum thickness of ice will be Δℓ
elongation in steel wire is (Δ ℓ S), then the ratio C is
(1) 20 (2) 200 Δ ℓS
m m _____.
11 11
(3) 20 m (4) 10 m [Young's modulus for copper and steel are 1 × 1011N/m2
and 2 × 1011N/m2 respectively]
36 A thin walled metal tank of surface area 5m2 is
filled with water and contains an immersion heater
dissipating 1 kW. The tank is covered with 4 cm
thick layer of insulation whose thermal
conductivity is 0.2 W/m-K. The outer face of the
insulation is 25oC. Find the temperature of the tank
in the steady state [JEE-Advanced 2019]
37 The figure shows the face and interface
temperature of a composite slab of four layers of 40 A small object is placed at the center of a large
two materials having identical thickness. Under evacuated hollow spherical container. Assume that
steady state condition, find the value of the container is maintained at 0 K. At time t = 0,
temperature θ . the temperature of the object is 200 K. The
temperature of the object becomes 100 K at t = t1
and 50 K at t = t2. Assume the object and the
container to be ideal black bodies. The heat
capacity of the object does not depend on
temperature. The ratio (t2/t1) is_________.

7601CJA1010333423006 7/10
 2024-25
41 A reversible heat engine has an efficiency of 45 A thermodynamic system is taken from an initial state i
33.3%, removing heat from a hot reservoir and with internal energy Ui = 100 J to the final state f along
rejecting heat to a cold reservoir at 0°C. If the
engine now operates in reverse, how long would it two different paths iaf and ibf, as schematically shown in
take of freeze 1.0 kg of water at 0°C, if it operates the figure. The work done by the system along the paths
on a power of 186 W? af, ib and bf are Waf = 200 J, Wib = 50 J and Wbf = 100 J
42 A heat pump used for heating shown in figure is respectively. The heat supplied to the system along the
essentially an air conditioner installed backward. It path iaf, ib and bf are Qiaf, Qib and Qbf respectively. If the
extracts energy from colder air outside and deposits internal energy of the system in the state b is Ub = 200 J
it in a warmer room. Suppose the ratio of the actual
and Qiaf = 500 J, the ratio Qbf/Qib is.
energy entering the room to the work done by the
device's motor is 20.0% of the theoretical
maximum ratio. Determine the energy entering the
room per joule of work done by the motor, given
that the inside temperature is 27.0°C and the
outside temperature is – 3°C.

46 A thermally isolated cylindrical closed vessel of

height 8 m is kept vertically. It is divided into two
equal parts by a diathermic (perfect thermal
conductor) frictionless partition of mass 8.3 kg. Thus
the partition is held initially at a distance of 4 m from
the top, as shown in the schematic figure below.
Each of the two parts of the vessel contains 0.1 mole
of an ideal gas at temperature 300 K. The partition is
43 Two moles of an ideal gas are cooled isochorically now released and moves without any gas leaking
and then expanded isobarically to lower the gas from one part of the vessel to the other. When
temperature back to the initial value. Find the equilibrium is reached, the distance of the partition
entropy increment of the gas if in this process the from the top (in m) will be _______ (take the
gas pressure changed n = 3.3 times. acceleration due to gravity =10 ms – 2 and the
universal gas constant = 8.3 J mol – 1K – 1).
44 A monoatomic gas of mass 4.0 u is kept in an
insulated container. Container is moving with
velocity 30 m/s. If container is suddenly stopped
then change in temperature of the gas
(R = gas constant) is x . Value of x is ___.
3R

8/10 7601CJA1010333423006
 2024-25
47 Three rods of material x and three of material y are 49 The coil of a calorimeter C has a resistance of R1 = 60Ω.
connected as shown in figure. All the rods are The coil R1 is connected to the circuit as shown in figure.
What is the rise in temperature (°C) of 240 grams of
identical in length and cross sectional area. If the water poured into the calorimeter when it is heated for 7
end A is maintained at 60°C and the junction E at minutes during which a current flows through the coil
10°C, calculate the temperature difference (in °C) and the ammeter shows 3A? The resistance R2 = 30Ω.
[Disregard the resistances of the battery and the ammeter,
across CE. The thermal conductivity of x is 800 W and the heat losses and heat capacity of the calorimeter
m – 1°C – 1 and that of y is 400 W m – 1°C – 1. and the resistor and specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg°C]

48 The earth receives solar radiation at a rate of 8.2 J cm – 2

min – 1. Assuming that the sun radiates like a blackbody,
calculate the surface temperature of the sun. The angle
50 One mole of an ideal gas undergoes two different
cyclic processes I and II, as shown in the 𝑃-𝑉
subtended by the sun on the earth is 0.53 and the diagrams below. In cycle I, processes a, b, c and
d are isobaric, isothermal, isobaric and isochoric,
Stefan constant σ = 5.67 × 10 – 8 W m – 2 K – 4.
respectively. In cycle II, processes a ′ , b ′ , c ′ and
d ′ are isothermal, isochoric, isobaric and
isochoric, respectively. The total work done
during cycle I is 𝑊𝐼 and that during cycle II is
𝑊𝐼𝐼. The ratio 𝑊𝐼 /𝑊𝐼𝐼 is _______.

[JEE (Advanced) 2023]

7601CJA1010333423006 9/10