Structure of Atom

(c) hydrogen atoms, which impinged on a

metal foil and got scattered
(d)  -particles nuclei, which impinged on a
Multiple Choice Questions metal foil and got scattered
11. An element M has a atomic mass 19 and
1. The mass number A , atomic number Z and atomic number 9, its ion is represented by
number of neutrons n are related as (a) M  (b) M 2
(a) n  A  Z (b) n  A  Z (c) M  (d) M 2
(c) n  A  Z (d) none of these 12. Which of the following elements has same
2. How many electrons are present in the M number of protons, electrons and neutrons?
Shell of an atom of an element with atomic (a) Al (b) Mg
number 24(Z  24)? (c) P (d) Cl
(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 12 (d) 13 13. Rutherford's alpha particle scattering
3. Rutherford's experiment on scattering of experiment eventually led to the conclusion
particles showed for the first time that the that
atom has (a) mass and energy are related
(a) nucleus (b) electron (b) electrons occupy space around the nucleus
(c) proton (d) neutron (c) neutrons are buried deep in the nucleus
4. 40
In the nucleus of 20 Ca , there are (d) the point of impact with matter can be
precisely determined
(a) 40 protons and 20 electrons
14. A neutral atom (atomic number > 1) has
(b) 20 protons and 40 electrons
(a) electron and proton
(c) 20 protons and 20 neutrons
(b) neutron and electron
(d) 20 protons and 40 neutrons
(c) neutron, electron and proton
5. The ratio between number of neutrons in C
(d) neutron and proton
and Si with respect to atomic mass 12 and 28
15. The charge on the atom having 17 protons, 18
is
electrons is
(a) 2:3 (b) 3:2
(a) +1 (b) –1
(c) 3:7 (d) 7: 3
(c) –2 (d) zero
6. Which of the following are is electronic with
16. Maximum number of electrons in any orbit is
one another
(a) n 2 (b) 2n 2
(a) Na  and Ne (b) K  and O
(c) 1/ 2n2 (d) none of these
(c) Ne and O (d) Na  and K 
7. The present atomic weight scale is based on 17. Which of the following atom has no neutron
(a) C12 (b) O16 in its nucleus?
(c) H1 (d) C13 (a) Helium (b) Lithium
8. Maximum number of electrons present in ' N ' (c) Protium (d) Tritium

shell is 18. Na ion is isoelectronic with
(a) 18 (b) 32 (a) Li  (b) Mg 2
(c) 2 (d) 8 (c) Ca 2  (d) Ba 2 
9. Cathode rays are made up of 19. The electronic configuration of element A, B,
(a) positively charged particles C and D are (2, 8, 1) (2, 8, 1), (2, 8, 6) and
(b) negatively charged particles (2,8,7) respectively. Which of them can make
(c) neutral particles (d) none of these an ion with two negative charges.
10. Rutherford's experiment which established (a) A (b) B
the nuclear model of the atom used a beam (c) C (d) D
of 20. The atomic mass of me lead is 208 and its
(a)  -particles which impinged on the metal atomic number is 82, the atomic mass of
foil and got absorbed bismuth is 209 and its atomic number is 83.
(b)  -rays which impinged on a metal foil and The ratio of the neutrons/protons
ejected electrons (a) is higher in lead than bismuth

2
 (b) is lower in lead than bismuth 31. Valency of oxygen is
(c) is equal in both lead and bismuth (a) 1 (b) 2
(d) does not depend on the above data (c) 3 (d) 4
21. In a space around a moving charge, we have 32. Which of the following shown the electronic
(a) only an electric field configuration of Ca 2 ?
(b) only a magnetic field (a) He (b) Ne
(c) both electric and magnetic field (c) Ar (d) Xe
(d) none of these 33. The number of orbital’s in fourth energy level
22. When a light paddle wheel placed in the path is
of cathode rays it starts rotating. It means (a) 4 (b) 16
(a) cathode rays travel in straight lines (c) 32 (d) 9
(b) cathode rays are negatively charged 34. Cathode rays are
(c) cathode rays consist of material particles (a) electromagnetic waves
(d) none of these (b) stream of a-particles
23. Nuclear model of the atom was proposed by (c) stream of electrons
(a) Thomson (b) Neils Bohr (d) stream of positrons
(c) Moseley (d) Rutherford 35. The number of neutron in the element 94 B is
24. According a Bohr's atomic model, as we move (a) 4 (b) 5
away from the nucleus (c) 9 (d) 13.
(a) radius of the orbit go on increasing
36. Which is not true with respect to cathode
(b) energy of the orbits go on decreasing
rays?
(c) both (a) and (b) (d) neither (a) or (b) (a) A stream of electrons
25. In an atom, an electron can jump from L shell (b) Can be deflected by magnetic fields
to N shell by (c) Move with speed as that of light
(a) emitting energy (b) absorbing energy (d) Can be deflected by electric fields
(c) increasing its velocity 37. The orbit in Rutherford's model is
(d) none of these (a) spiral (b) circular
26. Isotopes have
(c) both (d) none of these
(a) same physical and chemical properties 38. The mass of the neutron is of the order of
(b) same physical properties but different
(a) 1023 kg (b) 1024 kg
chemical properties
(c) same chemical properties but different (c) 1026 kg (d) 1027 kg
physical properties 39. Atomic number is equal to the
(d) different physical and chemical properties (a) number of neutrons in the nucleus
27. Select the pair of isobars from the following (b) number of protons in the nucleus
species (c) sum of protons and neutrons
37 35 37 36 38 (d) atomic mass of the element
17 A, 17 B, 18 C , 18 D, 19 E,
(a) A and B (b) A and C 40. Which of the following elements contains only
(c) C and £ (d) C and D two electrons in the outermost shell?
28. Covalency of nitrogen is (a) Helium (b) Beryllium
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) Magnesium (d) All of these
(c) 4 (d) 5 41. Which of the following do not have the same
29. Which of the following is not a monoatomic number of valence electrons?
gas? (a) H , Li, Na, K (b) He, Mg , Be, Ca
(a) Xe (b) Ar (c) B, Al , N , P (d) AB4
(c) H (d) Ne 42. A has 9 protons, 9 electrons and 10 neutrons,
30. An atom can achieve the inert gas electronic B has 12 protons, 12 electrons and 12
arrangement neutrons. Formula of the compound between
(a) by losing electrons (b) by gaining electrons A and B is
(c) by sharing electrons (a) BA2 (b) AB2
(d) all of these (c) B2 A3 (d) AB4

3
43. The triad of nuclei, which is isotone, is 53. The total number of neutrons in dispositive
(a) 6 C14 ,7 N 15 ,9 F 17 (b) 6 C12 ,7 N 14 ,9 F 19 zinc ions with mass number 70 is
(c) 6 C14 ,7 N 14 ,9 F 17 (d) 6 C14 ,7 N 14 ,9 F 19 (a) 34 (b) 40
(c) 36 (d) 38
44. As we move away from nucleus, the energy of
54. The number of electrons in one molecule of
orbit
CO2 are
(a) decreases (b) increases
(a) 22 (b) 44
(c) remains unchanged (d) none of these
(c) 66 (d) 88
45. The radius of the atom is of the order of
55. The number of electrons in the valence shell
(a) 1010 cm (b) 1013 cm of calcium is
15
(c) 10 cm (d) 108 cm (a) 6 (b) 8 (c) 2 (d) 4
46. The electron in an atom 56. The increasing order (lowest first) for the
(a) moves randomly around the nucleic- values of elm (charge/mass) is
(b) has fixed space around the nucleus (a) e, p, n, a (b) n, p, e, a
(c) is stationary in various energy levels
(c) n, p, a, e (d) n, a, p, e
(d) moves around its nucleus in definite
energy levels 57. Which property of an element is always a
whole number?
47. The principal quantum number, n describes
(a) shape of orbital (a) Atomic weight (b) Equivalent weight
(c) Atomic number (d) Atomic volume
(b) subshell of electron
58. Which of the following is not true for
(c) main energy shell of electron
isotopes?
(d) spin of electron
(a) They have the same atomic number.
48. The magnetic quantum number represents
(b) They have the same mass number.
(a) size of the orbital
(b) spin angular momentum (c) They have the same electronic
(c) orbital angular momentum configuration.
(d) spatial orientation of orbital (d) They have the same chemical properties
49. Subsidiary quantum number specifies 59. In the n th electronic level, the number of
(a) size of orbital electrons is given by
(b) shape of orbital (a) n (b) 2n
(c) orientations of orbital (c) 2n 2
(d) 2n2  1
(d) nuclear stability 60. A unit of charge is equal to
50. An electron has principal quantum number 3. (a) 1.602 1019 C (b) 1.602 1020 C
The number of its (i) subshells, and (u) orbitals (c) 1.602 1021 C (d) 1.602 1022 C
would be respectively? 61. Which of the following has a charge of +1 and
(a) 3 and 5 (b) 3 and 7 a mass of 1 amu?
(c) 3 and 9 (d) 2 and 5 (a) A neutron (b) A proton
51. Which of the following statements does not (c) An electron (d) A helium nucleus
form part of Bohr's model of hydrogen atom? 62. The valency of an element is
(a) Energy of the electrons in the orbit is (a) the mass of the element displacing 1 part
quantized. by the mass hydrogen
(b) The electron in the orbit nearest to the (b) The mass of the element combining with 8
nucleus has the lowest energy. parts by mass of oxygen
(c) Electrons revolve in different orbits around (c) the number of atoms of hydrogen
the nucleus. combining with 1 atom of the given element
(d) The position and velocity of the .electrons (d) the number of atoms in 1 molecule of the
in the orbit cannot be determined given element
simultaneously. 63. While performing cathode ray experiments, it
52. The number of electrons which can be was observed that there was no passage of
accommodated in an orbital is electric current under normal conditions.
(a) 1 (b) 2 Which of the following can account for this
(c) 3 (d) 4 observation?

4
 (a) Dust particles are present in air (d) mass of the protons in the nucleus.
(b) Carbon dioxide is present in air 74. Which of the following processes can occur in
(c) Air is a poor conductor of electricity under the formation of an ion from an atom?
normal conditions (a) Gain of electrons (b) Gain of protons
(d) None of the above (c) Loss of neutrons (d) Loss of protons
64. Which of the following electronic 75. Which one of the following statements about
configurations is wrong? avogadro's law and its applications is correct?
(a) Be (3) = 2, 1 (b) O (8) = 2, 6 (a) Equal volumes of oxygen and nitrogen
(c) S (16) = 2, 6, 8 (d) P (15) = 2, 8, 5 contain the same number of atoms at S.T.P
65. The oxides of carbon, CO and CO2 must have (b) Equal volumes of oxygen and nitrogen
which of the following carbon-to-oxygen mass contain the same molecules at S.T.P.
ratios (c) Equal masses of oxygen and nitrogen
(a) 12 : 12 and 12 : 24 (b) 6 : 12 and 6 : 24 contain the same number of molecules
(c) 12 : 8 and 12 : 16 (d) 12 : 16 and 12 : 32 (d) Equal masses of oxygen and nitrogen have
66. How many total protons are found in a the same volume at S.T.P.
molecule of retinol (C20 H30O)? 76. An element X of valency 3 combines with
another element Y of valency 2. The formula
(a) 51 (b) 151
of the compound formed is
(c) 600 (d) 158
(a) XY3 (b) X 2Y3
67. MgCl2 is the formula for an ionic compound
(c) X 2Y2 (d) XY2
of magnesium and chlorine. If the charge on
Cl is 1 then the charge on Mg must be ; 77. 2 p -orbital’s have

(a) +2 (b) +3 (a) n  1, l  2 (b) n  2, l  2

(c) -2 (d) -3 (c) n  2, l  1 (d) n  2, l  0
68. The formula of iron (II) carbonate is 78. Which of the following ions is the smallest in
(a) IrCO2 (b) Ir2 (CO3 )3 size?
(c) Fe2 CO3 (d) FeCO3 (a) Mg 2  (b) Na 
69. To give a designation to an orbital, we need (c) O 2 (d) F 
(a) principal and azimuthal quantum number 79. An element A has atomic mass 39 and atomic
(b) principal and magnetic quantum number number 2,8,9. Which one of the following ions
(c) azimuthal and magnetic quantum number it will form on ionizing one electron?
(d) principal, azimuthal and magnetic (a) A ion (b) A ion
quantum number. (c) A ion (d) A ion
70. The designation of a subshell with n  4 and
80. Which of the following has more electrons
l  3 is
than neutrons?
(a) 4s (b) 4 p
(a) F  (b) Al 3
(c) 4d (d) 4 f
(c) O 2 (d) Na 
71. A cation has a positive charge because
81. The electrons present in outermost shell of an
(a) there are more protons than neutrons
atom are termed as
(b) the neutrons in the nucleus are charged
(a) extra electrons (b) outer electrons
(c) there are fewer electrons than protons
(c) valence electrons (d) free electrons
(d) there are more electrons than protons
82. What will be the valency of an atom if its
72. For a given principal level n = 4, the energies
outermost shell contains four electrons?
of its subshells are in the order
(a) 8 (b) 4
(a) s  d  f  p (b) s  p  d  f
(c) 2 (d) 6
(c) d  f  p  s (d) s  p  f  d
83. Some isotopes are radioactive this is because
73. The atomic number of an element is the (a) the nucleus is unstable
(a) number of electrons in a neutral atom (b) there is imbalance between protons and
(b) number of neutrons in a neutral atom Electron
(c) numerical position of the element in the (c) it has radio waves (d) both (a) and (b)
periodic table

5
84. Which of the following is not an (i) an atom consists of a positively charged
electromagnetic radiation? sphere and the electrons are embedded in
(a) X-rays (b) Gamma-rays (ii) each shell or orbit corresponds to a
(c) Infrared-rays (d) Cathode rays definite energy. Therefore, these circular shell
85. Which of the following is an accurate are also known as energy shells
Illustration of a nitrogen atom? (iii) as long as the electrons revolves in the
stationary orbit it neither radiates not absorbs
energy absorbs energy
(a) (b) (a) and (ii) (b) (ii) and (iii)
(c) (i) and (iii) (d) (i), (ii) and (iii)
91. Isotones have
(c) (d) (a) same mass number but different atomic
number
86. The number of electrons gained, lost or (b) same atomic number but different mass
shared by atom of an element can be judged number
from its (c) same value of (mass number – atomic
(a) valency (b) number of protons number)
(c) mass number (d) atomic number (d) same number of electrons
87. The average atomic mass of an element A is 92. The isotope used for examining the circulation
16 18 of blood is
16.2u . There are two isotopes A and A of
8 8 (a) 60
27 Co (b) 131
53 I

the element. What will be the percentage of (c) 24

11 Na (d) 14
6 C
these two isotopes in the element A?
93. The main drawback of Rutherford's model of
(a) 90% 10% (b) 10%, 90%
the atom is that
(c) 20%, 80% (d) 80%, 20%
(a) it does not explain the stability of atom
88. In Rutherford's gold foil experiment most of
(b) it does not show the location of protons
the  -particles pass through the gold foil
(c) it does not explain neutral nature of an
without any deviation from their paths. This
atom
indicates that
(d) it does not explain existence of a nucleus
(a) the atom is spherical
an atom
(b) there is a positively charged nucleus at the
94. Which experiment find out charge on the
centre of the atom
electron?
(c) the entire mass of the atom is
(a) Oil drop experiment
concentrated at the nucleus of the atom
(b) X-ray scattering experiment
(d) most portion of the atom is empty space
(c) Cathode-ray experiment
89. Which of the following is a correct
(d) Anode-ray
representation of Cl  ? 95. The fractional atomic masses of elements due
to the existence of
(a) isotopes having different masses
(a) (b) (b) diagonal relationship
(c) equal number of electrons and protons
(d) none of these
96. Which of the following fundamental particles
is not deflected by a magnetic field?
(c) (d) (a) Proton (b) Neutron
(c) Electron (d) Positron
97. The atom and its ion differ in the number of'
90. Rutherford's model of an atom could not (a) electrons (b) protons
explain its stability. This was overcome by (c) neutrons (d) nucleons
another atomic model. The postulates of the 98. The value of azimuthal quantum number for
new model of atom are electrons present in 4p-orbital is

6
 (a) 1 (b) 2 18. Mass of the an electron is 1/1837 times less
(c) 3 (d) 4 than the mass of one atom of..........
99. If m has seven values, the value of azimuthal 19. K shell of any atom cannot have more than
quantum number should be .......... electrons.
(a) 1 (b) 2 20. Isotopes are the atoms of........
(c) 3 (d) 4 element/elements having same atomic
100. e / m ratio in anode rays number but different mass number.
(a) is constant
(b) depends upon the nature of gas
(c) depends upon the nature of electron
(d) none of these 1. Radioactive isotope of iodine is used for
making the medicine called tincture iodine
2. The number of protons in Na  is 10 ( Z  11)
3. The atomic mass of an element is the average
1. The subatomic particle not present in relative mass of it atoms as compared with an
hydrogen atom is........ . atom of C  12 .
2. The electron has ......... charge, the proton has 4. A pure substance that contains only one kind
....... charge, and the neutron has ...... charge. of atoms is called element.
3. Almost all the mass of an atom is 5. There is no particle of matter smaller than an
concentrated in a small region of space called atom.
the.......... . 6. The inner most atomic shell can held a
4. The number of protons in the nucleus of an maximum of 18 electrons.
atom is called its ........... . 7. Thomson proposed that nucleus of an atom
5. The total number of protons and neutrons in contains only nucleus.
the nucleus of an atom is called its ......... . 8. Atoms of an element may have more or less
6. The maximum number of electrons that can neutrons than other atom of the same
be accommodated in L shell are........... . element.
7. The valency of nitrogen in N2 molecule 9. Electrons are shared when atoms bond with
is.......... each other.
8. An atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 10. The mass of proton is approximately 2000
electrons and 12 neutrons. The atomic mass times as that of electron.
of the atom is........ . 11. Rutherford concluded from the a-particles
9. The radius of nucleus of an atom is ...........m scattering experiment that positive charge of
and the radius of an atom is........... m the atom occupies maximum space.
10. During Rutherford's experiment 12. If an element has no isotopes, then the mass
(a) no deflection led to the conclusion of ....... of its atom would be the same as the sum of
(b) backward deflection led to the conclusion protons and neutrons in it.
of......... 13. Neutron is sum of protons plus electrons and
(c) sidewise deflection led to the conclusion therefore it is neutral.
of...... 14. Neutrons were discovered by Henry
11. Electronic configuration of potassium is........ becquerel.
12. The neutron was discovered by............. 15. In Na  number of electrons are more than the
13. There are 11 protons and 12 neutrons in the number of protons.
nucleus of an atom. Its valency is........... . 16. When the pressure of the gas inside the
14. Ratio of mass of proton and electron is.......... discharge tube is 1 atm, no current flows
15. Anode rays were discovered by......... through the discharge tube.
16. Number of neutrons in heavy hydrogen atom
17. Number of valence electrons in Cl  ion is 8.
is.......... .
18. Metals form ions by losing electrons which
17. Isotope of hydrogen has two neutrons in its
are called cations.
atom, it atomic number and mass number will
respectively be........... .

7
19. A particular element has electronic (B) Carbon dating (q) positively charged
configuration 1, 7. In reactions it forms particles
compounds by loss of one electron. (C) Valence electrons (r) technique to know
20. Canons are smaller in size than the parent age of fossils
atom. (D) Atomic number (s) number of
electrons n outermost
shell

In this section, each question contains statements

given in two columns which have to be matched.
Directions: In each of the following questions, a
Statements (A, B, C, D) in Column-I have to be
statement of Assertion (A) is given followed by a
matched with statements (p, a, r, s) in Column-II. The
corresponding statement of Reason (R) just below it.
answers to these questions have to be appropriately
Of the statements, mark the correct answer r
bubbled as illustrated in the
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and Reason is
following example. If the
the correct explanation of assertion
correct matches are A-q, A-r,
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is
B-p, B-s, C-r, C-s and D-q, then
not the correct explanation of assertion
the correctly bubbled matrix
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false
will look like as shown.
(d) If assertion is false but reason is true.
1. Column I Column II 1. Assertion: Bohr's orbits are called stationary
(A) Proton (p) Thomson orbits.
(B) Electron (q) Goldstein Reason: Electrons remain stationary in meat
(C) Neutron (r) Anderson orbits for some time.
(D) Positron (s) Chadwick 2. Assertion: In Rutherford's gold foil
2. Column I Column II experiment, very few a-particles are deflected
(A) K (p) 2 back.
(B) N (q) 8 Reason: Nucleus present inside the atom is
(C) M (r) 18 heavy.
(D) L (s) 32 3. Assertion: All the four quantum numbers are
3. Column I Column II obtained by solving Schrodinger wave
(A) Mass of proton (p) 9.11028 g equation.
(B) Charge of electron (q) 1.6 1019 C Reason: Schrodinger wave equation help as to
(C) Mass of electron (r) 1.6 1019 C find the probability of the electron in any
orbital as different points around the nucleus.
(D) Charge on proton (s) 1.67 1027 kg
4. Assertion: For Balmer series of hydrogen
4. Column I Column II
spectrum, the value of n1  2 and n2  3, 4,5 .
(A) Mass number (p) A
(B) Atomic number (q) A  Z Reason: The value of n for a line in balmer
(C) No. of neutrons (r) K series of hydrogen spectrum having the
(D) 2 electrons (s) Z highest wavelength is 4 and 6.
5. Column I Column II 5. Assertion: The free gaseous Cr atom has six
(A) Al (p) 2, 8, 8, 2 unpaired electrons.
(B) Mg (q) 2, 8, 7 Reason: Half-filled s-orbital has greater
stability.
(C) Ca (r) 2, 8, 2
6. Assertion: Atoms can neither be created nor
(D) Cl (s) 2, 8, 3
destroyed.
6. Column I Column II
Reason: Under similar condition of
(A) Protons (p) number of
temperature and pressure, equal volume of
positively charged
gases does not contain equal number of
particles in nucleus
atoms.

8
7. Assertion: One atomic mass unit (amu) is Reason: Magnetic quantum number specifies
mass of an atom equal to exactly one- twelfth the number of orbital’s.
the mass of carbon-12 atom. 19. Assertion: 5s orbital has greater energy
Reason: Carbon-12 isotope was selected as than 4s .
standard. Reason: Energy of the orbital depends on the
8. Assertion: The atoms of different elements azimuthal quantum number.
having same mass number but different 20. Assertion: Atomic orbital in an atom is
atomic number are known as isobars. designated by n, I, m, and niy
Reason: The sum of protons and neutrons, in Reason: These are helpful in designating
the isobars is always different. electron present in an orbital.
9. Assertion: Cathode rays do not travel in 21. Assertion: Isotopes are electrically neutral.
straight lines. Reason: Isotopes are species with same mass
Reason: Cathode rays penetrate through thin number but different atomic number.
sheets. 22. Assertion: Isobars are identical in chemical
10. Assertion: Thomson's atomic model is known properties.
as 'raisin pudding' model. Reason: Isobars have different atomic
Reason: The atom is visualized as a pudding of number.
positive charge with electrons (raisins) 23. Assertion: In H atom when electrons Jump
embedded in it. from Is to 2s orbital atom becomes cation.
11. Assertion: Atom is electrically neutral. Reason: H atom has only one electron.
Reason: A neutral particle/neutron is present
in the nucleus of atom.
12. Assertion: Cathode rays get deflected
towards the positive plate of electric field.
Reason: Cathode rays consist of negatively
charged particles known as electrons.
13. Assertion: VIBGYOR signifies the seven color
of visible light.
Reason: Red colour corresponds to higher
frequency and blue colour to lower frequency
region.
14. Assertion: The energy of quantum of
radiation is given by E  hv .
Reason: Quantum in the energy equation
signifies the principal quantum number.
15. Assertion: The radius of the first orbit of
o
hydrogen atom is 0.529A .
Reason: Radius for each circular orbit ( rn ) 
o
0.529 A (n2 / Z ) , where n = 1, 2, 3 and Z 
atomic number.
16. Assertion: Electronic configuration of an
element is Is2 2s1.
Reason: In 2s , 2 signifies the maximum
capacity of s - subshell.
17. Assertion: Spin quantum number can
have the value 1 / 2 or 1 / 2
Reason: (+) sign here signifies the wave
function.
18. Assertion: Magnetic quantum number can
have the value l  0,......,(n  1) .