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English Booklet
First Term
Preparatory One
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Class:________________________________________
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Table of Content
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Entry Test
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a. because b. so c. but
a. on b. in c. at
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a. in b. at c. for
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Unit 1
What is the value of time?
A. Vocabulary
2. If we work on the project together, we can (save / run out of) time.
4. I don‘t often see my grandparents, but I love to (spend / find) time with them.
5. I‘m busy today, but I can (waste / make) time to see you tomorrow.
6. I usually (have / run out of) time on tests. I need to work more quickly!
7. My parents don‘t (have / take) much free time, but we always (save / spend) weekends
together.
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Visit Cambridge!
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tell you about many other things to see and do, too. And don‘t worry if you 8_________________
time and don‘t see everything. You can visit again!
4. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use get.
1. I travel to school by bus.
I______________________________________ to school.
2. I wake up at 7:00 a.m., but I stay in bed until 7:15 a.m.
I wake up at 7:00 a.m., but I_________________________ until 7:15 a.m.
3. I don‘t want to get to bed late.
I want to_______________________________________ .
4. What time do you usually arrive at your house after school?
What time do you usually __________________________ after school?
5. If you‘re starting to feel sleepy, you should do something active.
If you_______________________ , you should _______________________.
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5. What was the last school project you did? What did you do?
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B.Comprehension
Text A
In a new report, experts say there is no need to worry if your teenage sons or daughters are
spending hours connecting with friends on social media. In fact, they argue it is probably a
good thing.
Parents often worry about how young people are using their time. They think that because
teenagers are on their phones all the time, it must be bad for them, but research tells a very
different story. The report says that teenagers with lots of friends in real life usually make
their relationships stronger by going online. Having a phone is not bad for kids – it just
keeps them in touch with their friends.
Text B
Grown-ups often tell us not to use our phones, and I agree. I get angry that some of my
classmates spend all their free time on their phone, and never have time to talk to their parents
in the evening.
Luisa
Taking time to talk to friends online is important, but I think it‘s more important to go to
bed early. I always switch my phone off at seven o‘clock. Then I can spend time with my
family or read a book.
Anna I know that I‘m always using my phone, but I don‘t see why it‘s bad. It‘s my time and I
can do what I want with it. If I‘m talking to a friend, I‘m not wasting my time. I‘m just being
friendly and having fun!
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Danny
Text C
To the Editor,
I am writing to complain about your recent article, which argued that cell phones should not be
allowed in schools. It is true to say that there are problems with having phones in
class. Nobody wants to hear a ringtone during a lesson, and some students often waste time
looking at their phone instead of studying. However, there is another side of the argument.
Students can use their phones to research information online or do projects, for example.
In the future, please present both sides of the argument in your reporting.
Yours,
Julia Haig
1. Read texts A, B, and C. What type of text are they? Match sentence halves 1–3 with a–c.
1. Text A is a .online messages on a blog.
2. Text B is b. a letter to a newspaper or magazine.
3. Text C is c. a newspaper article.
2 Read texts A, B, and C again. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F). Text A
1. Parents are right to worry about how much time young people spend on the phone. (T / F)
2. Teenagers on social media don‘t have a lot of friends in real life. (T / F )
Text B
3. Luisa is angry because adults want her to use her phone less often. (T / F)
4. Anna never uses her cell phone after seven o‘clock in the evening. (T / F)
5. Danny says that he spends a lot of time on his phone and enjoys it. (T / F )
Text C
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Reflect
3. Read the sentences. Check (✓) the box to show your opinion.
1. Parents have no right to stop young people being on their cell phones all the time.
I strongly disagree I disagree I agree I strongly agree
2. Young people should switch off their cell phones when they are at home in the evening.
I strongly disagree I disagree I agree I strongly agree
3. Students should be able to use their cell phones in class.
I strongly disagree I disagree I agree I strongly agree
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C.Grammar
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3. Choose the correct answers.
1. I‘m____________________ late for school. I‘m always on time.
a. never b. often c. sometimes
2. Jenny ____________________ goes to work by bus, but not very often.
a. never b. sometimes c. usually
3. We_________________ have lunch at school, but on Fridays we go home for lunch.
a. usually b. always c. sometimes
4. I don‘t like watching movies, so I _____________________ go to the movie theater.
a. sometimes b. often c. never
5. Claire _____________________ sits next to me in class. I never have a different partner.
a. always b. sometimes c. often
6. Most days, Tom walks to school, but he _______________________takes the bus.
a. often b. always c. sometimes
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4. Rewrite the sentences so that they are true for you. Use the adverbs below to help you.
__________________________________________________________________________
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5. Complete the email with the simple present or present continuous form of the verbs in
parentheses.
Hi Marta,
Thanks for writing to me about your family. My brothers and I 1_______________ (love)
music, too. My older brother, Tom, 2_______________(play) guitar in a band every weekend.
In fact, he 3__________________(practice) in his room right at this moment. Andy, my
younger brother, 4_______________________(not know) how to play a musical instrument,
but he 5_______________________(spend) hours on the internet finding out about the latest
bands. Me? Well, I 6_______________________(not want) to be a rock star, but I‘d like a job
in the music industry one day. That‘s why I 7 ______________________(take) an online
course in how to write music for computer games. It‘s really interesting. What about you?
What kind of music 8________________(you / enjoy) listening to?
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___________________(your sister / usually / listen) to the same kind of music?
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_______________(you / listen) to music right now?
Adam
6. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. There is one word you don’t
need. Then answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. are / where / go / do / you / for vacation / usually / ?
_________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________
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4 spend / how / do / long / getting ready / much / you / for school in the morning / ?
___________________________________________________________________________
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D.Writing
A forum post
Instructions:
You have to cover all the questions which are in the post.
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Unit 1
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Unit 2
What do we remember?
A. Vocabulary
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2 Complete the email with the correct words. Put one word in each blank.
Hi Carrie,
In your email, you asked me to share my best moments from the summer. The photo you
sent of you, me, and Anna on the boat 4_____________________me of the afternoon when
Anna caught that huge fish! That was an 5_____________________moment. I‘ll always
remember it. Another great moment I can remember was when we walked across the rope
bridge between two big trees over the river. Unfortunately, I don‘t have any photos of that
6________________________
because I didn‘t have my phone with me. I‘m really , I‘m afraid. I left
my phone in my tent on that day. And I haven‘t 7___________________the song we sang
round the campfire on the last day. Do you remember that? Kelly printed out the words and
we had to 8_____________________it. It took me a long time to learn all the words, but I
loved the singing, and that last night is one to remember.
Melanie
3. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
1. I have a new (app / data) that helps organize all my photos.
2. I add a new (click / post) to my blog every day. You should read it.
3. My new (smartphone / playlist) is white with a flat glass screen.
4. I have a (digital / data ) camera. It uses the same technology as my new phone.
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1. What word describes information, facts, and statistics that you can find on the internet?
2. What do you call a type of software that can get into your computer and stop it from
working?
3. What do you call the place away from your personal computer or smartphone where we can
store things like photos?
4. What word do we use to describe the global network that connects all computers?
5. What do you call a collection of all your favorite songs?
5. Complete the public speaking tips with the words below.
Do you have to speak in public – in English?! If so, here are some tips
to help you.
• 1_________________________down ideas in your first language on a piece of paper. If
you don‘t know how to say any of the words on your piece of paper in English, use a
bilingual dictionary to 2_______________________each word and find a good
3
_________________________.
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• Write the speech in English. Before writing, you may have to 4___________________some
useful phrases that we use in a speech in your English book. Once you have studied the
phrases again, use them in your speech.
• After writing the speech, read it carefully and 5________________the spelling and
grammar. Make sure there are no mistakes.
• It is a good idea to ask an English-speaking friend to read your speech aloud while you
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______________what they say on your phone. You can then play it and listen to it. You could
play parts of the speech and 7____________________each part three or four times. This will
improve your pronunciation.
6. Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. What is your favorite memory?
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B.Comprehension
When I was very young – about three years old – my parents bought me my first bike. I spent
days trying to learn to ride it. Then, after hours and hours of practice, I stopped falling off and I
was cycling, faster and faster, with my dog chasing after me. It‘s my earliest memory and I
remember it really clearly, but actually, it isn‘t completely true.
Recently, my mom told me that she and dad didn‘t buy me a bike until I was seven, that I
learned to ride it really quickly – in minutes, not days – and that back then, we didn‘t have a
dog. I was shocked, but I now know that there was no need to be surprised because a lot of
our earliest memories aren‘t true.
Not long ago, researchers carried out one of the largest surveys of people‘s first memories
and discovered that the earliest memories of nearly 40% of people are false. In the survey, the
researchers asked volunteers to give details of their first memory and to say how old they
were at the time. The memory couldn‘t be based on an old photograph or a family story. It
had to be from direct experience. When they looked at the volunteers‘ descriptions and
stories, they discovered that many of them were memories of events that happened when
people were only two or three years old. These memories could not be true because, in the
opinion of many experts, our minds are not able to remember and record things that happen
to us until we are at least three and a half years old.
When researchers told the volunteers that their memories were not true, they often found it
difficult to believe, and some were angry. That‘s because, over time, we use our imaginations
to tell and retell the story of our memory until it becomes a very real thing. To many people,
it was disappointing to hear that their memory was wrong. Their memory was important to
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them. It was like losing a friend. That‘s how I feel. I still think about how exciting it was to
ride a bike for the first time, but I know that what I remember isn‘t what really happened.
1. Look at the picture and the title of the article. What do you think the article is about?
Check (✓) a or b. Then read the article and check your answer.
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Reflect
3. Write about a memory from your early childhood. Choose from the options or write
your own. Do you think your memory is completely true? Why? / Why not?
An Early Memory
I was at home / at school / in the park / on vacation /____________________ . I was with
my friends / parents / grandparents /_____________________ . I remember
playing__________________ / watching_____________________ / meeting
_____________/________________ . I was __________________ years old at the time.
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C.Grammar
Important Note:
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2. Complete the sentences with the simple past or past continuous form of the
verbs in parentheses.
1. Last night, we _____________________ (watch) a horror movie on TV. It was great.
2. Penny_____________________ (not sleep) when I knocked on her door. She was still
awake.
3. When we got to the classroom, all the other students _________________(sit) in their
chairs.
4. Dan __________________________(not know) who was outside. He felt scared.
5. It_______________ (not rain) when we left home. That‘s why we didn‘t take an umbrella.
6. I‘m sorry. I ______________________________(not see) you there.
7. Alicia ___________________ (buy) a souvenir at the airport before she got on the plane.
8. While the thief _________________(try) to climb through the window, the police arrived.
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No, she wasn‘t. / No, we didn‘t. / Yes, he did. / Yes, they did. / Yes, they were.
4. Complete the questions with the simple past or past continuous form of the verbs in
parentheses. Then write the answers so that they are true for you.
1. When___________________________ (you / arrive) at school today?
I____________________________________________________________ .
2. What________________________ (your classmates / do) when you got to school?
They were_______________________________________________________ .
3. What_________________________ (you / have) for dinner yesterday evening?
I_____________________________________________________________ .
4. Who_______________________ (you / talk) to on the phone when I saw you earlier?
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I was ___________________________________________________________ .
5.___________________________(it / rain) when you started doing this exercise? .
6. Complete the blog post with the simple past or past continuous form of the verbs
in parentheses.
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memory. ―But we 10___________________(not sing) one song during the whole car ride,‖ she
said. ―While Dad 11___________________(drive), you 12____________________(not sing);
you 13_______________________(sleep). You 14__________________(not wake) up until the
end of the car ride.‖ My sister is 19 now, so she was nine years old ten years ago, and she has a
better memory than me. So, it seems that my first memory isn‘t true at all.
7. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. There is one extra word. Then
answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. were / do / did / what / you / last weekend / ?
________________________________________________________________________
2. where / you / on vacation last year / did / do / go / ?
_______________________________________________________________________
3. were / daydreaming about / are / in the last class / what / you / ?
________________________________________________________________________
4. you / ate / eat / for lunch / did / the day before yesterday / what / ?
_________________________________________________________________________
5. time / this morning / were / you / what / you / did / get up / ?
__________________________________________________________________________
6. at this time yesterday / you / what / were / did / doing / ?
__________________________________________________________________________
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D.Writing
A descriptive Essay
activities
The event
Descriptive topics:
Describe the strangest person you have ever met.
Describe an inspiring friend or family member.
Describe a beautiful location in nature.
Describe a happy memory
Describe a day to remember.
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Unit2
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Unit 3
How do we know what's the best?
A.Vocabulary
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Prizes in Sports
We all know what athletes win if they 1 (come / go / take) in first, second, or 2 (three / third
/ thrice) place in the Olympics. But what do they get if they win an important 3 (cerficate /
4
reward / competition) in other sports like golf or tennis? We decided to find out. The
(
win / winner / winning) of the men‘s tennis singles at Wimbledon gets a large, gold 5 (award
/ cup / money), but the women get a more unusual 6 (trophy / medal / competition) to take
home – a big silver plate. The golfer who wins the Masters, an important American golf
tournament, gets $2 million in prize 7(money / reward / award), but doesn‘t take home a cup
or a bowl or a plate – they win a green jacket!
3. Complete the sentences with nouns formed from the verbs in parentheses.
1. Celia works as a fashion _________________(design). She makes clothes.
2. I am an enthusiastic _______________ (cycle). I love going places on my bike.
3. Mylene is very funny – she wants to be a ________________ (comedy) one day.
4. Tony is a _____________________ (write). He writes science fiction stories.
5. Hayley Keyes is an important _______________________(art). I am going to an exhibition of
her paintings.
6. Sophie is a _______________________(science). She works in a laboratory.
7. Andy is a ______________________(music). He plays the guitar, violin, and drums.
8. Jack wants a camera for his birthday – he wants to be a____________ (photograph) one day.
9. Joe is in the kitchen – he is a____________________________ (cook).
10. I am a________________________ (magic). I do magic tricks.
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So, you want to buy a new phone. Here are some things to think about before you buy
one.
• Start by reading 1_________________in magazines or online. Make sure you
read good advice by 2__________________that you like. Find out which phones
they 3___________________and why.
• Go to a few stores and look at different phones. Try to 4______________one phone
with another. Find out which one looks better and which one has more functions.
• Think about what is important for you. If you don‘t have a lot of money, then good
5
______________________is probably important. Remember that the cheapest phone
isn‘t always the best purchase. A more expensive phone might last longer.
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• Ask experts to give you advice on the 6_______________of the phone. You should get
a phone with a good camera, for example.
6. Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. What is the best thing you have ever won?
3. Can you name a famous artist, musician, or novelist from your country?
5. Before buying something new, what do you do to decide which thing to buy?
6. In your opinion, is value more important than quality when you are buying
something new?
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B.Comprehension
GuitarOnline
Our Top Three Websites for Learning Guitar
Do you want to learn the guitar online? Here are the top three websites!
1 Guitar Skills
Level: For beginners to intermediate players
Price: $19.95 per month
Free trial: Yes, 14 days
The good things:
• The program is more organized than in other online guitar courses.
• You can play all types of music, from pop and rock to classical.
• Lesson videos are short and you get a lot of different teachers.
• It‘s easy to download video lessons to your smartphone, so it‘s good if you
aren‘t often online. The bad things:
• It‘s better for beginners than intermediate students.
• The website looks less interesting than other guitar websites.
Click here to try Guitar Skills for free.
2 Playguitar.com
Level: For beginners to advanced players
Price: Free
Good things:
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• All lessons are on YouTube. They‘re easy to find, but you can‘t download
them.
• You get the same teacher for every lesson – her name‘s Penny, and she‘s a
great teacher. Bad things:
• The site is better for advanced students. If you‘re a beginner, it‘s better to try a more
organized course. • There‘s not much variety in terms of musical style – it‘s all rock
and pop.
Check out Playguitar.com here.
3 InConcert
Level: Best for intermediate to advanced players
Price: Monthly $20.00
Free trial: Yes, 7 days
Good things:
• There are a lot of video lessons – more than any other website.
• You can video chat with guitar teachers at any time.
Bad things:
• Some lessons are better than others because there are so many different guitar
teachers. • The website looks great, but it isn‘t well-organized and you can‘t
download many of the lessons. Click here to try InConcert for free.
COMMENTS Sign Up or Log In to add comments [Topguy] Guitar Skills is good, but
GuitarHeroes is the best! Why isn’t it on your list?
[NewGirl] Thanks! I started playing the guitar last week! Now I know
which online guitar course to try. [MollyGuitar] I signed up for InConcert.
It looks great, but a lot of the lessons are boring.
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1. Read the web page. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.
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Reflect
3. Read the reasons a–e for choosing an online guitar course. Do you agree or
disagree? Complete the sentence with your choice of course and your reason why.
a. Price is the most important thing. Agree / Disagree
b. It‘s better to have one instructor than many different instructors. Agree / Disagree
c. It‘s important that the website looks interesting. Agree / Disagree
d. It‘s good to video chat with guitar teachers at any time. Agree / Disagree
e. It‘s good to learn many types of guitar music, not just pop and rock. Agree / Disagree
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C.Grammar
Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify
(larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in sentences where two nouns are compared, in
this pattern:
The second item of comparison can be omitted if it is clear from the context (final example
below).
Examples
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Superlative adjectives:
Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object which is at the upper or lower limit of a
quality (the tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest). They are used in sentences where a
subject is compared to a group of objects.
The group that is being compared with can be omitted if it is clear from the context (final
example below).
Examples
Forming comparatives and superlatives is easy. The form depends on the number of syllables in
the original adjective.
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Add -er for the comparative and -est for the superlative. If the adjective has a consonant +
single vowel + consonant spelling, the final consonant must be doubled before adding the
ending.
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Two syllables
Adjectives with two syllables can form the comparative either by adding -er or by preceeding
the adjective with more. These adjectives form the superlative either by adding -est or by
preceeding the adjective with most. In many cases, both forms are used, although one usage will
be more common than the other. If you are not sure whether a two-syllable adjective can take a
comparative or superlative ending, play it safe and use more and most instead. For adjectives
ending in y, change the y to an i before adding the ending.
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Adjectives with three or more syllables form the comparative by putting more in front of the
adjective, and the superlative by putting most in front.
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These very common adjectives have completely irregular comparative and superlative forms.
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Examples
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If an adverb has only one syllable, we usually just add -er to make it comparative: fast
→ faster. Here are some examples:
fast faster
hard harder
high higher
late later
long longer
low lower
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wide wider
Note that most one-syllable adverbs have the same form as their equivalent adjectives. Don't
let this confuse you. For example:
positive comparative
When an adverb has two or more syllables (like all -ly adverbs), we can make it comparative
by adding more in front: quickly → more quickly. Look at these examples:
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We can also use less in place of more to suggest a reduction in the action. Look at these
examples:
3. Irregular Adverbs
badly worse
early earlier
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far further/farther
little less
much more
well better
Note that a few adverbs have a formal ("correct") form with -ly and an informal form without -
ly. The same is then true of their comparative forms. Although you may hear some native
speakers using the informal form in speech, it is best avoided in formal situations and
examinations. The most common examples are:
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We use comparative adverbs when talking about two actions (not three or more
actions). Comparison is always between TWO things.
Although we use comparative adverbs when talking about two actions, in fact one
or both of the actions may be a group of actions.
The planet Mercury revolves around the sun faster than all the other planets.
Here, we are talking about eight planets, but we are still comparing one action
(Mercury's) to one other action (that of all the other planets).
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Making comparisons
Jon is ___________________________________________________________________ .
2. Mark / funny / his brother (much)
Mark is _________________________________________________________________ .
3. Samantha / short student / in our class (the)
Samantha is _____________________________________________________________ .
4. my new bike / good / my old bike (than)
My new bike is ___________________________________________________________ .
5. they / friendly people / in the village (were)
They ____________________________________________________________________.
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3. Complete the sentences. Use the comparative or superlative adverb form of the
adjectives in parentheses.
1. I sing a lot __________________ (good) than my classmates. I‘m the best in the class!
2. Can you speak _______________________ (quiet), please? You‘re very loud and people
are trying to study.
3. Sally gets to school ___________________ (early) than her friends because she catches the
seven o‘clock bus.
4. We walked ________________ (far) today than we did yesterday. That‘s why I‘m so tired.
5. You won‘t pass if you don‘t work ___________________________ (hard).
6. On Saturdays, trains run ______________________ (frequent) than on Sundays. There are
only two trains on Sundays, but there are six on Saturdays.
7. Of all the students in the school, Annie paints ______________________ (beautiful).
8. This semester‘s final exam wasn‘t difficult. We passed it ___________________(easy)
than last semester‘s final exam.
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4. Complete the second sentence so that it has the same meaning as the first. Use
the comparative or superlative adverb of the adjectives in parentheses.
1. Joe isn‘t as fast a runner as his friends. (quick)
Joe doesn‘t ________________________________________________________________ .
2 Karen‘s friends get to school before she does. (late)
Karen gets to school ________________________________________________________ .
3 Dan plays tennis well and soccer badly. (bad)
Dan plays _________________________________________________________________ .
4 We don‘t walk as fast as Andy. (slow)
We walk __________________________________________________________________ .
5 Nobody has such a quiet voice as Gloria. (quiet)
Gloria speaks _______________________________________________________________ .
5 .Complete the text with the comparative or superlative form of the adjectives or
adverbs in parentheses.
which was 8_______________ (exciting) movie of 1979, or the Lego Batman Movie, which, in
my opinion, was 9_________________(funny) than any other movie in 2017? The first movie
was acted 10__________________ (brilliantly).
That‘s for sure. And they used special effects in Star Wars
11
_________________(intelligently) than anybody had in previous movies. But in the end, it‘s
down to our own personal opinions. No other movie is as 12______________(great) as the
movie you like the best.
6. Put the words in the correct order to make questions. There is one extra word. Then
answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. was / of your life / best / what / than / day / the / ?
___________________________________________________________________________
2. who / actors / are / most / the / in your country / more / famous / ?
___________________________________________________________________________
3. school subjects / interesting / English / which / more / as / are / as / ?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. better / day of the week / is / than / more / which / today / ?
___________________________________________________________________________
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D.Writing
A comparison
A compare and contrast essay examines two or more topics (objects, people, or ideas, for
example), comparing their similarities and contrasting their differences. You may choose to
focus exclusively on comparing, exclusively on contrasting, or on both-or your instructor may
direct you to do one or both.
Paragraph 1 : What are the similarities between the two activities? which do you prefer?
Paragraph 2 :What are the differences between the two activities. what are the positive
and negative points?
Paragraph 3: All in all, which do you prefer?why?
The diagram to show the compare and contrast between the topics
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Unit 3
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Unit 4
How do groups work together?
A.Vocabulary
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2. Complete the web page with one word in each blank. The first letter of each word is
provided.
Abley WSC
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4. Complete the article with words from exercise 3 and the negative prefixes
in parentheses.
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7. Peter is (planning / checking) a party for all the students. I think it‘s hard work – he has to
do a lot of things!
8. Could you (work out / contact) all the guests by phone or email and tell them what time to
come?
6. Complete the text with the words and phrases below. Use each word or phrase once.
book / check / contact/ figure out/ find out/ get permission/ organize/ send out
Every summer, there are hundreds of pop festivals around the world. They are incredibly
difficult to 1_________________. We spoke to Dan Archer, who manages the Super Sound
Festival in California every year. We wanted to 2______________how we could organize
our own festival!
OK. Well, first, you need to decide on a location. Thirty thousand people go to the SuperSound
Festival, so we need a really big field! You will also need to find a field. When you know who
owns it, you will have to 3_______________________ them on the phone or by mail. Actually,
you will probably have to write to them officially. It‘s often not easy to 4______________to
use their field – they probably don‘t want all the people, noise, and cars!
When you have your location, try to call some bands and 5 __________________them to play
at the festival. To do this, you will need to 6 ______________________a contract in the mail
and get them to sign it. Do this in advance because good bands are busy.
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Then you‘re ready! Do some calculations and 7________________how many people can come
to the festival. Oh, and 8_________________the weather forecast! It‘s bad news if it rains!
7. Answer the questions with your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. Which groups are you a part of?
______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5. How can you find out what movies are playing at your local movie theater?
______________________________________________________________________
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B.Comprehension
We have always been social animals. Thousands of years ago, we lived in small groups
and learned from other people. For example, we learned which fruits to eat by watching
what older people in our group chose to eat. That helped us to survive. In our modern
world, we continue to do what others do. It helps us be successful.
Imagine you are walking out of a movie theater. You are carrying a very large, empty
popcorn box, and you can‘t see any trash cans. You don‘t want to leave it on your seat
or on the floor. You think that‘s wrong. So, what do you do with it? Well, you look at
other people to see what they do. If everybody leaves the box, you do the same! It‘s not
right, but you do it because everybody does it!
In an experiment, some researchers worked with young children who were afraid of
dogs. Every day for 4 days, the children spent 20 minutes watching another young child
and his pet dog. The little boy loved his dog and played with him happily. At the end of
the experiment, most of the children weren‘t afraid of dogs. By watching the boy, they
learned to change how they felt.
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2. Read the article again and decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. Learning from other people has always been a good idea. (opening paragraph) (T / F)
2. People only copy other people when they know that what they are doing is right.
(paragraph A) (T / F )
3. In an experiment, children who were afraid of dogs had to play with them for 20 minutes
every day. (paragraph B) (T / F)
4. We are more likely to listen to scientific proof than the opinion of a famous person before
we buy something. (paragraph C) (T / F)
5. People with similar views usually agree after they spend time together in a discussion
(paragraph D) (T / F)
Reflect
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C.Grammar
-Irregular verbs.
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3. Complete the sentences with the simple past or present perfect form of the verbs in
parentheses.
1. Andy______________ (pass) the test, but he doesn‘t know what his mark is yet.
2. I ____________ (not see) Patrick for a long time. Is he OK?
3. When ____________ (you / start) supporting that charity?
4. I___________ (not speak) to Emma yesterday, so I hope she‘s OK.
5. Wendy has forgotten the last time she ____________ (go) to a rock concert.
6._____________________ (Felicity / ever / feel) uncomfortable in a big crowd?
7. We might cancel the event because we___________ (not find) sponsors yet.
8. Yesterday at school, we ______________ (work) together in a team.
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4. Complete the short answers with one word.
1. A: Were you a part of the music group that went on tour?
B: Yes, I ________________________________________ .
2. A: Have you had lunch yet?
B: No, I_________________________________________ .
3. A: Has Tracey already taken her road safety test?
B: Yes, she _________________________________________.
4. A: Did Tina and Sam go to the group meeting?
B: No, they________________________________________ .
5. A: Have all the students joined the sports club?
B: Yes, they__________________________________________ .
6. A: Has it started to rain?
B: No, it______________________________________________ .
5. Complete the interview with the simple past or present perfect form of the verbs in
parentheses.
In today’s online forum, please send in your questions to Mary Nightingale, director of
Higley Soccer Fan Club. She’ll be online all afternoon to answer your questions.
1_____________________________________
Q: (you / always / support) Higley Soccer Club?
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A: A year ago. Since then I 6 ______________ (work) hard to get to know the players and the
fans. I think I 7__________________ (just / start) to understand what I have to do in this job!
Q: How many games 8 _______________ (you / watch) live at Higley Soccer Club?
A: Oh, hundreds. I 9 ___________________ (see) every game so far this season, and last
10
season I ______________________ (not miss) any of our home games.
________________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________
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7. Choose the correct words to complete the questions. Then answer the questions with
your own ideas. Write full sentences.
1. How long (did you / have you been) in this class?
2. Which teams or groups (did you join / have you joined) in the last 12 months?
3. How many new friends (did you make / have you made) since last summer?
4. What group activities (did you do / have you done) during the last school summer
vacation?
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D.Writing
A descriptive Essay
information
Topic
information information
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Unit4
ing
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Writing Rubric
4 3 2 1 Mark
Story I write the story in I write the story in I don‘t write the I don‘t write the
structure three paragraphs for three paragraphs story in three story in three
the three parts of the for the three parts paragraphs for the paragraphs for
story. of the story. three parts of the the three parts
I introduce my I introduce my story. of the story.
characters, setting and characters, setting I introduce my I introduce my
plot, I end my story and plot, I end my characters, setting characters,
efficiently. story well. and plot, I end my setting and plot,
story briefly. I end my story
simply.
Sentence I use the correct tense I use the correct I use the correct I use the correct
structure in all the story. tense in most of the tense in some parts tense in few
All my sentences are story. of the story. parts of the
complete and make Most of my Some of my story.
sense. sentences are sentences are Most of my
complete and make complete and sentences are
sense. make sense. incomplete and
don‘t make
sense.
Punctuation I use correct I use correct I use correct I don‘t use
and Spelling punctuation marks in punctuation marks punctuation marks correct
all my story. in most of my in parts of my punctuation
All my spelling is story. story. marks in most
correct. Most of my Some of my of my story.
spelling is correct. spelling is correct. Most of my
spelling is
incorrect.
Use of I use a wide range of I use a wide range I use a wide range I do not use a
vocabulary vocabulary in all my of vocabulary in of vocabulary in wide range of
story. most of my story. parts of my story. vocabulary in
I use powerful verbs I use powerful I use powerful my story.
and adjectives in all verbs and verbs and I don‘t use
my story. adjectives in most adjectives in parts powerful verbs
of my story. of my story. and adjectives
in my story.
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What is Poetry?
Poetry can be thought of as a verbal, written art form that uses a heightened sense of
language to convey experience, feeling, or modes of consciousness. There is no concrete
definition for poetry. It means many different things to different people.
Literary Devices: Knowledge of these devices can help you discuss poetry with others, but it
will not necessarily help you experience poetry in a deeper sense.
Imagery: The words themselves are not necessarily the most important aspect of poetry. The
words invite you see, hear, feel, smell, or taste the details of life in an unusual or unexpected
way.
Example: The asphalt shrinks into the horizon
He diminishes in my rearview
His body heat dissipating from the passenger seat
His smoke streaming from my ashtray
Cologne lingers
And lingers
Symbolism allows you to attach ideas to things. In the example below, the author appears to be
using both a storm and a flower as symbols for life. Life can be seen both ways, and the poem is
clearly not just about storms or flowers.
There‘s a hole in your storm
And the clouds of experience bloom
Like revolving petals they form
And darken into a crumbling gloom
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Repetition: shows a sense of urgency or importance, and also gives the option of adding music
to the writing. Also, repetition of a particular word, phrase, pattern, sound, or syllable is used to
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get the attention of readers. Particular forms of repetition are anaphora refrain, syntactical, and
sonic.
Rhythm and Meter: The up and down, the high and low points in a poem comprise its rhythm
or it‘s pattern. The repetition of the pattern forms the meter. Combined, these two aspects of a
poem create an emotional sensation of stirring or swirling in the gut. In Shakespeare‘s McBeth,
the witches chant (note how the rhythm and meter of the words brings about a sensation of
stirring a cauldron:
Double, double toil and trouble
Fire burn, and caldron bubble.
Fillet of a fenny snake.
In the caldron boil and bake;
Eye of newt, and toe of frog,
Wool of bat, and tongue of dog,
Adder's fork, and blind-worm's sting,
Lizard's leg, and owlet's wing,
For a charm of powerful trouble,
Like a hell-broth boil and bubble.
Rhyme: words sounding alike at their endings. There are, however, different kinds of rhyme
besides straight rhyme.
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Day
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Paraphrase:
The poet wrote about some of the world‘s most wonderful workers and how busy they are.
When we have finished our task, they will be still hard at work. The poet says that he is a fellow
worker, unlike the sea, rain, air and sun his task will soon be done because he will die one day.
His work is not as important as that of the four elements.
Commentary:
The rhyme scheme is aaaa, bbbb, cccc, dddd, eeee. Each stanza begin in the same way with the
same statement: ―I‘m busy‖. A clear, easy comparison is made. The poem consists of five
verses or stanzas.
“Questions”
1-What’s the theme of the poem?
The poet writes about the work of the four elements of nature and compares it to the man‘s
work. The work of nature will never finish while the work of man ends because he will die one
day.
3- In what way is the man different from the elements of nature according to the poet in this
poem?
The work of man will finish one day because he will die while the work of nature will never
finish or come to an end.
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b-The comparison between man’s work and that of the elements of nature:
Sea and rain and air and sun.
Here is a fellow toiler one
Whose task will soon be don
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Collective
Sheets
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Exercises on Unit 1
Vocab Expression with “get”
For each of the six questions choose the one correct answer.
1. I tried ringing her all morning but I couldn‘t get ________.
a. down b. up c. over d. through
2. My dad‘s been unemployed for 6 months, it‘s really getting him ________.
a. over b. down c. by d. up
3. Sorry I‘m late, I was so tired I just couldn‘t get ________ this morning.
a. down b. up c. over d. by
4. Hmmm, the kids are very quiet, I wonder what they‘re getting________ to?
a. down b. by c. up d. through
6. I find it hard to get ________ on my salary, I‘m always penniless by the end of the month.
a. through b. over c. by d. up
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9. You can imagine how he reacted when she told him she'd crashed the car, he
______________ and then started shouting!
a. got really angry b. got really sad c. got really happy d. got really bored
10. Do you know what time your train gets ________? Let me know and I'll meet you at the
station.
a. on b. in c. at d. over
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3.The soft _____________ of the door closing announced the students that the teacher entered
the class.
8.The ___________ has allowed for the creation of thousands of new ways to give both time
and money.
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B.Complete the sentences using one of the verbs in the box in the correct form of present
simple or present continuous:
2.He ________________ his report .He will bring it into the office when it is complete.
3.My parents phoned me this morning. They _____________ themselves in the Seydelles,
4.We _______________ to entertain in our guests in local restaurant rather than the canteen.
6."Where is John?" "In his office _______________ for an important telephone cell".
7.I can't make the meeting tomorrow .I ___________ the applicants for the sales manager's job.
8.My brother ________________ for shink Inc. which makes bathroom fittings.
10.The new contract _________________ fine to me. However could you just check it through
once move.
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weak
describe
compete
persuasive
appreciation
marriage
react
strong
suspect
education
apologize
deep
conclude
warm
prefer
explosion
close
reliability
discovered
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Work sheet 3
A. Complete the sentences with the suitable words from the box:
App – click – the cloud – data – digital- internet- online – playlist – post-
smartphone – virus – check – definition – example – look up – practice –
record – repeat – review – translation – write down
1.The soft ___________ of the door closing announced the manager that there is someone
entered the room.
2.His ____________ speedometer read 54 miles an hour , faster than he had ever ridden in his
life and his eyes watered from the rush of cold air.
3.The _____________ also offers an express recording made to start dictation just by shaking
your phone.
4.The teacher has made me to _________ the story of Little Red Riding Hood so that I could
say it backward.
5.Shall we _____________ what you've learned?
6.The translator wasn't always good at picking up every word ,but she didn't need the
_______________ of unknown word.
7.The ____________ has allowed for the creation of thousand of new ways to give both time
and money.
8.This is the formal _____________ of philosophy.
9.The teacher ________________ the students' answers after the exam.
10.To achieve your target , you need more _________________ everyday.
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11.It took too much effort to ____________ at the Sun to measure the time.
12.The heaviest apple on _________ in the Guinness Book of World Record weighed in at
over four pounds.
13.This __________ causes the rapid enlargement and sub division of the cells affected by it.
14.You can transfer the selected _______________ content to the portable device to listen to
your favourite music.
15.The manager must __________________ this letter ,it's urgent.
16.The new power station is expected to be ___________ by July.
17.Enhance your ______________ with this scientific calculator.
18.The students tried to ____________ everything the teacher said.
19.Illustration by ________________ is better than explanation in words.
20.________________ users can download applications that offer spoken directions and live
traffic updates.
B.Put the following words into suitable sentences:
1.review:_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
2.playlist:____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3.definition:__________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
4.translate:___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
5.Online:_____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
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A.Comprehension
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a video game that came out for the Atari 2600 game system in
1982. It was based on a very popular film of the same name. It cost over 125 million dollars to
make. Star programmer Howard Scott Warshaw created it with consultation from Steven
Spielberg. And it is widely considered to be one of the worst video games ever created. The
massive failure of E.T. and its effects on Atari is an often-mentioned reason for the video game
industry crash of 1983.
It was July 27th, 1982. Howard Scott Warshaw was hot off the success of his most recent game,
Raiders of the Lost Ark. He received a call from Atari C.E.O. Ray Kassar. Atari had bought the
rights to make a video game version of Spielberg's movie, E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial, which had
just been released in June. Kassar told Warshaw that Spielberg had specifically asked for
Warshaw to make the game. Warshaw was honored, but there was one huge problem. Atari
needed the game finished by September 1st in order to start selling it during the Christmas
season.
It had taken Warshaw six months to create Raiders of the Lost Ark. The game he made prior to
that took him seven months. He was expected to create E.T. in around five weeks. Warshaw just
did not have enough time to program the game properly, but he accepted the challenge anyway
and production began. Spielberg wanted Warshaw to create a simple maze game, similar to
Pac-Man, but Warshaw had a bigger vision. He wanted players to explore different
environments in a 3D world. Warshaw followed his vision.
Atari anticipated that the game would be a huge success. Usually companies like Atari have
people test games before releasing them. If there is something that testers really dislike,
programmers can fix it before the public gets a chance to play. Atari decided to skip testing due
to time limitations. They wanted the game released during the holiday season. It was: E.T. was
released in December of 1982.
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The game sold very well at first. It was a hot holiday item. Unfortunately, Atari overestimated
how many they would sell. They made 5 million copies and they only sold 1.5 million. Most
people who played the game hated it. The graphics were bad. Game play was awkward. Players
got stuck in holes that they couldn't escape. A short time limit made the game difficult to
explore and frustrating to play. Some people who stuck with the game grew to like it, but it
wasn't the mainstream success that Atari had hoped it would be.
Too many copies of the game sat on store shelves. One employee remembers the game being
discounted five times, from $49.95 to less than a dollar. Many people returned the game. Atari
was left with millions of unsold copies. In September of 1983, a newspaper in New Mexico
reported that between 10 and 20 semitrailer truckloads of Atari products were crushed and
buried at a landfill in Alamogordo. Perhaps a million or more copies of E.T. were buried in the
desert. When word got out, the drop site had to be covered with cement to prevent scavenging.
Atari lost over $100 million on E.T. The game was so bad that it was said to have affected
Atari's reputation. The video game industry soon fell into a deep depression. In 1983 the
industry made $3.2 billion. By 1985 profit fell to just over $100 million. This was almost a 97%
drop. Many critics believe that Atari's blunder on E.T. was one of the causes leading to this
depression. E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial will long be remembered as one of the worst video games
ever made, if not one of the causes of the decline of the entire video game industry.
1. Which of the following is not a reason for the failure of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial?
a. The programmer was not given enough time to finish the game properly.
b. Atari did not test the game before its release.
c. Atari made too many copies of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial.
d. The game was released on a new system that only a small number of people owned.
2. Which of the following were effects of the failure of E.T the Extra-Terrestrial?
a. Perhaps a million or more copies of the game were buried in the desert.
b. Atari lost over $100 million.
c. The video game industry sunk into a deep depression.
d. All of the above
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3. Which of the following was not listed as a reason why E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial was
considered one of the worst games ever?
8. According to the text, which group of people would like playing E.T.?
a. E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial was one of the worst selling games of all time.
b. E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial sold a lot fewer copies than Atari was hoping it would.
c. E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial was one of the best selling video games of all time despite its
flaws.
d. Every copy of E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial ever sold was eventually returned.
10. Which is not a reason cited in the article why E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial should have
been successful?
B.Vocabulary
Choose the correct answer:
1.Sara likes to play piano ,but it's difficult to __________ time to practice .
a. find b. waste c. share
2.The flight from Egypt to United States ____________ 12 to 14 hours.
a. spends b. takes c. makes
3.Suzy writes very slowly,so she always ____________ time during exams.
a. save b. have c. run out of
4.They usually ____________ their summer vacation in Italy,because their grandparents live
there.
a. share b. save c. spend
5.The employee usually get the bus to _____________ time.
a. make b. find c. save
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6.The soft ___________ of the door closing announced the manager that there is someone
entered the room.
a. click b. post c. cloud
7.His ____________ speedometer read 54 miles an hour , faster than he had ever ridden in his
life and his eyes watered from the rush of cold air.
a. internet b. digital c. post
8.The _____________ also offers an express recording made to start dictation just by shaking
your phone.
a. online b. app c. cloud
9.The teacher has made me to _________ the story of Little Red Riding Hood so that I could
say it backward.
a. repeat b. look up c. define
10.Shall we _____________ what you've learned?
a. review b. translate c. virus
C. Grammar
A.Complete the following sentences using "because'' or "so"
1.My cat was hungry__________ it ate a fish
2.I'm tired ____________ I didn't sleep well last night.
3.Stewart bought lunch ____________ he was hungry.
4.Mary was sick last week ______________ she saw a doctor.
5.I was late for work this morning _____________ I overslept.
6.Sweden is a cold country ______________ people wear warm clothes in winter.
7.He didn't study ______________ he failed the history exam.
8.They weren't busy ______________ they helped me.
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1. You should always take special care with your __________________ when you go for an
interview (APPEAR).
2. The children‘s __________________ at the party was dreadful (BEHAVE).
3. There‘s a great __________________ of houses in most major cities. (SHORT)
4. It is my __________________ that we will fly to Mars some day. (BELIEVE)
5. There is no __________________ between his latest and his earlier books (COMPARE).
6. Is there any _________________ in the rumour that the Prime Minister is planning to resign?
(TRUE)
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7. We nearly died of __________________ when we went to see the new opera. It was so
dreadful (BORING)
8. Einstein sometimes came to the __________________ that he was wrong about a few things.
(CONCLUDE)
9. She was extremely intelligent and passed all her exams with __________________. (EASY)
10. They say that ________________ between companies helps to keep prices down.
(COMPETE )
D.Writing
Describe a beautiful location in nature.(you could describe a mountain , body of water, desert
or any place as a part of nature)
Don't forget the mindmap.
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A.Comrehension
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Refer to the text to
check your answers when appropriate.
Reading stimulates your mind. It is like a Do not just discount a text because it is
workout for your brain. When people get old, unfamiliar to you. Each time you read, you are
their muscles begin to deteriorate. They get exposed to new ideas and perspectives.
weaker and their strength leaves them. Reading can change the way that you
Exercise can prevent this loss. The same thing understand the world. It can give you a
happens to people's brains when they get broader perspective on things. It can make you
older. Brain power and speed decline with age. worldlier. You can learn how people live in far
Reading strengthens your brain and prevents away places. You can learn about cultures
these declines. different from your own.
You can benefit from reading in the near-term Reading is good for your state of mind. It has
too. Reading provides knowledge. Knowledge a calming effect. It can lower your stress
is power. Therefore, reading can make you a levels and help you relax. You can escape
more powerful person. You can learn to do from your troubles for a moment when you
new things by reading. Do you want to make read, and it's a positive escape. The benefits of
video games? Do you want to design clothing? reading far outweigh those of acting like a
Reading can teach you all this and more. But doofus. So do yourself a favor: the next time
you have to get good at reading, and the only you get a reading assignment, take as much as
way to get good at something is to practice. you can from it. Squeeze it for every drop of
knowledge that it contains. Then move on to
Read everything that you can at school, the next one.
regardless of whether you find it interesting.
Reading expands your vocabulary. Even a
"boring" text can teach you new words.
Having a larger vocabulary will help you
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2. Why does the author think that you should read books that are boring?
a. You will eventually grow to love them if you read them enough.
b. You will get better grades in reading class.
c. You will make your teacher very happy.
d. You will learn new words.
4. Which is not a reason given by the author why students fail to complete reading
assignments?
a. Students may be bored. b. Students may be distracted.
c. Students may be unwilling to focus. d. Students may be tired.
5. Which best expresses the author's main purpose in writing this text?
a. He is trying to persuade students to do their reading work.
b. He is teaching people how to become better readers.
c. He is explaining why people don't do their reading work.
d. He is entertaining readers with facts about the mind and body.
6. Which best describes the author's tone in the first three sentences?
a. Surprised b. Sarcastic
c. Informative d. Irate
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9. Why does the author believe that reading is good for your mind state?
a. It has a calming effect. b. It can lower your stress levels.
c. It can help you relax. d. All of these
10. Which title best expresses the main idea of this text?
a. Reading: Good for the Mind in Many Ways
b. Reading: The Key to a Successful Academic Future
c. Reading: Improve Your Vocabulary While Being Entertained
d. Reading: The Best Way to Improve Your Writing Skills
11. Does the author argue his point well? Analyze one of his arguments and explain
whether or not it is an effective argument.
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12. Why does the author believe that reading boring or unfamiliar books can be helpful
for readers? Use the text in your response.
________________________________________________________________________
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B.Vocabulary
Fill in the blank .Addthe suffix to the word in parenthesis.Use "er,or,ness
,ment , ion ,ist , ance ,ence:
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A.Comprehension
The Cowardly Lion and the Hungry Tiger
Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow. Refer to the text to check
your answers when appropriate.
In the splendid palace of the Emerald City, "Then I would roar so loudly it would
which is in the center of the fairy Land of shake the earth and stalk away to the jungle
Oz, is a great Throne Room. This is where to hide myself, before anyone could attack
Princess Ozma, the Ruler, sits in a throne me or kill me for what I had done."
of glistening emeralds for an hour each day
and listens to all the troubles of her people, "I see," nodded the Tiger. "You are really
which they are sure to tell her about. cowardly."
Around Ozma's throne, on such occasions,
are grouped all the important personages1 "To be sure. That is why I am named the
of Oz, such as the Scarecrow, Tiktok the Cowardly Lion. That is why I have always
Clockwork Man, the Tin Woodman, the been so tame and peaceable. But I'm
Wizard of Oz, and other famous fairy awfully tired of being tame," added the
people. Little Dorothy usually has a seat at Lion, with a sigh, "and it would be fun to
Ozma's feet, and crouched on either side raise a row and show people what a terrible
the throne are two enormous beasts known beast I really am."
as the Hungry Tiger and the Cowardly
Lion. The Tiger remained silent for several
minutes, thinking deeply as he slowly
washed his face with his left paw. Then he
These two beasts are Ozma's chief said:
guardians, but as everyone loves the
beautiful girl Princess there has never been "I'm getting old, and it would please me to
any disturbance in the great Throne Room, eat at least one fat baby before I die.
or anything for the guardians to do but look Suppose we surprise these people of Oz
fierce and solemn2 and keep quiet until the and prove our power. What do you say?
Royal Audience is over and the people go We will walk out of here just as usual and
away to their homes. the first baby we meet I'll eat in a jiffy4.
And the first man or woman you meet, you
Of course no one would dare be naughty will tear to pieces. Then we will both run
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while the huge Lion and Tiger crouched out of the city gates and gallop across the
beside the throne; but the fact is, the people country and hide in the jungle before
of Oz are very seldom naughty. So Ozma's anyone can stop us."
big guards are more ornamental3 than
useful. No one realizes that better than the "All right. I'm game," said the Lion,
beasts themselves. yawning again so that he showed two rows
of large sharp teeth.
One day, after everyone had left the Throne
Room except the Cowardly Lion and the The Tiger got up and stretched his great,
Hungry Tiger, the Lion yawned and said to sleek body.
his friend:
"Seen any of them old Hydrophobies the
"I'm getting tired of this job. No one is last day or two?"
afraid of us and no one pays any attention
to us." "Come on," he said. The Lion stood up and
proved he was the larger of the two, for he
"That is true," replied the big Tiger, purring was almost as big as a small horse.
softly. "We might as well be in the thick
jungles where we were born, as trying to Out of the palace they walked, and met no
protect Ozma when she needs no one. They passed through the beautiful
protection. And I'm dreadfully hungry all grounds, past fountains and beds of lovely
the time." flowers, and met no one. Then they
unlatched a gate and entered a street of the
"You have enough to eat, I'm sure," said city, and met no one.
the Lion, swaying his tail slowly back and
forth. "I wonder how a fat baby will taste," said
the Tiger, as they stalked majestically5
"Enough, perhaps; but not the kind of food along, side by side.
I long for," answered the Tiger. "What I'm
hungry for is fat babies. I have a great "I imagine it will taste like nutmegs," said
desire to eat a few fat babies. Then, the Lion.
perhaps, the people of Oz would fear me
and I'd become more important." "No," said the Tiger, "I've an idea it will
taste like gumdrops."
"True," agreed the Lion. "It would stir up
quite a scene if you ate but one fat baby. As They turned a corner, but met no one, for
for myself, my claws are sharp as needles the people of the Emerald City usually take
and strong as crowbars. My teeth are their naps at this hour of the afternoon.
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The Lion did not reply. They entered a side "Thank you very much," said the woman.
street, but met no one. "I've often heard what good beasts you are,
in spite of your power to do mischief to
Suddenly they heard a child crying. mankind. Now I know that the stories are
true. I do not think either of you have ever
"Aha!" exclaimed the Tiger. "There is my had an evil thought."
meat."
The Hungry Tiger and the Cowardly Lion
He rushed around a corner, the Lion hung their heads and did not look into each
following, and came upon a nice fat baby other's eyes, for both were shamed and
sitting in the middle of the street and crying humbled. They crept away and stalked
as if in great distress6. back through the streets until they again
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And there she lay, in a helpless manner, all reputation. For, had I eaten that fat baby I
tangled up and unable to stir. would not now be the Hungry Tiger. It's
better to go hungry, seems to me, than to be
With one bound and a roar like thunder the cruel to a little child."
huge Lion was beside her. With his strong
jaws he grasped her dress and raised her And then they dropped their heads on their
into an upright position. paws and went to sleep.
Gasping for breath the woman struggled to 1. personages: people who are notable or
free herself and tried to walk, but she great
limped badly and tumbled down again. 2. solemn: deeply serious
3. ornamental: acting as an ornament;
"My baby!" she said pleadingly. decorative
4. jiffy: a short, unspecified period of time
"The baby is all right; don't worry," replied 5. majestically: showing the qualities of
the Lion; and then he added: "Keep quiet, royalty and great dignity
now, and I'll carry you back to your house,
and the Hungry Tiger will carry your 6. distress: danger or discomfort
baby." 7. reproach: to criticize or bring shame
8. indignant: showing anger at something
The Tiger, who had approached the place unjust
with the child in its arms, asked in
astonishment:
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2. Which one of these is NOT a reason why the Lion and the Tiger make their plan?
a. They want attention. b. They want to feel more important.
c. They are bored. d. They need to be fed more food.
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8. How motivated the Lion and the Tiger were to follow through on their plan?
a. The Lion and the Tiger were very serious about wanting to hurt people.
b. The Lion was just trying to sound brave but the Tiger almost ate someone.
c. The Lion and the Tiger never had any real intentions of hurting anyone.
d. The Lion might have eaten that woman had the Tiger not talked him out of it.
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9. Which best describes the narrator's tone in this sentence from the last paragraph?
"Tell me, then, into how many pieces you usually tear your victims, my bold Lion?"
a. Sincere b. Sarcastic
c. Spiteful d. Sweet
10. Which prediction is best supported by evidence from the text?
a. It is only a matter of time before the Tiger convinces the Lion to kill.
b. The Lion will probably return to the jungle, learn to rule, and come back to conquer Oz.
c. The Tiger will one day live out his desire to find out how a fat baby tastes.
d. The Lion and the Tiger will keep living boring lives in the comforts of the palace.
Vocabulary
A. Complete the sentences with the suitable words from the box:
App – click – the cloud – data – digital- internet- online – playlist – post-
smartphone – virus – check – definition – example – look up – practice –
record – repeat – review – translation – write down
1.The soft ___________ of the door closing announced the manager that there is someone
entered the room.
2.His ____________ speedometer read 54 miles an hour , faster than he had ever ridden in his
life and his eyes watered from the rush of cold air.
3.The _____________ also offers an express recording made to start dictation just by shaking
your phone.
4.The teacher has made me to _________ the story of Little Red Riding Hood so that I could
say it backward.
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Comprehensions
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Comprehension (1)
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Luisa
Taking time to connect with friends is important, but not as important as getting to bed
early, in my opinion. I make sure I switch my phone off at seven o‘clock. Then I can
spend time with my family or read a book.
Anna
OK, so I‘m on my phone all the time, but I don‘t see why it‘s bad. It‘s my time after all,
so why can‘t I stay up late? If I‘m texting, I‘m not wasting my time. I‘m just building up
my network of friends!
Danny
Text C
To the Editor,
I am writing to complain about your recent article, which argued that cell phones should not
be allowed in schools. It is true to say, as you do in your article, that there are problems
with the misuse of phones in class. Nobody wants to hear a ringtone during class, and some
students do waste time looking at their phone instead of studying. However, there
is another side of the argument. Students can use their phones to research information
online or do projects, for example, and having a cell phone in class is useful if there is an
emergency.
In the future, please present both sides of an argument in your reporting.
Yours,
Julia Haig
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1. Read and match the texts (A, B, or C) with statements 1–6. In some cases,
there is more than one answer.
This text …
1. is a series of online posts.
2. shows strong emotions.
3. is a letter.
4. is a newspaper article.
5. gives personal opinions.
6. gives the opinions of others.
2. Read texts A, B, and C again. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).
Text A
1. In general, using social media improves relationships between young people. T / F
2. Older people often have a negative view of how young people use technology. T / F
3. Young people tend to make more friends online than in real life. T / F
Text B
4. Luisa and Anna both think that spending less time on their phone can be a good thing. T /
F
5. On the subject of how much young people use cell phones, Danny has the same opinion
as Luisa. T / F
6. Danny is more likely than Anna or Luisa to text friends late at night. T / F
Text C
7. Julia doesn‘t agree with anything that she read in the newspaper article. T / F
8. Julia wants the journalists at the newspaper to write articles differently in the future. T /
F
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3. Complete the sentences with one reason. You can use your own ideas or information
from texts A, B, or C.
1. Parents shouldn‘t worry about young people using their cell phones all the time because ___.
2. Young people should switch off their cell phones when they‘re at home in the evening
because _______________.
3. Students shouldn‘t be allowed to use their cell phones in class because ____________
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Comprehension (2)
When I was three years old, my parents bought me my first bike. I spent five days trying to
learn to ride it. Then, after hours and hours of practice, I stopped falling off or putting my
feet down, and I was cycling, faster and faster, along our street, with my dog chasing after
me. It‘s my earliest memory and I remember it really clearly, but actually, it isn‘t completely
true. Recently, my mom told me that she and dad didn‘t buy me a bike until I was seven, that
I learned to ride it really quickly – in minutes not days – and that back then, we didn‘t have a
dog. She remembers running along the street trying to catch me, but in my memory, I don‘t
remember her or my dad. I was really shocked to find out that my memory was false, but I
now know that there was no need to be surprised at all because a lot of our earliest memories
aren‘t true. Not long ago, researchers carried out one of the largest surveys of people‘s first
memories and discovered that the earliest memories of nearly 40% of people are false. To
find out what people remember from early childhood, the researchers asked volunteers to
give details of their first memory along with their age at the time. The memory had to be one
that they were certain they remembered. So, it couldn‘t be based on an old photograph or a
family story. It had to be from direct experience. Volunteers could choose how to write down
their memories – some just wrote notes or shorts descriptions, others wrote stories. When
they looked at the volunteers‘ descriptions and stories, they discovered that many of them
were memories of events that happened when people were only two or three years old. In the
opinion of many experts, these memories cannot be true because our minds are not able to
remember and record things that happen to us until we are at least three and a half years old.
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When researchers told the volunteers that their memories were not true, they often found it
difficult to believe, and some were angry. That‘s because, over time, we use our imaginations
to tell and retell the story of our memory in our head until it becomes a very strong and real
thing. To many people, it was very disappointing to hear that their memory was wrong.
Their memory was important to them. It was like losing a friend. That‘s how I feel. I still
think about how exciting it was to ride a bike for the first time, but sadly, I know that what I
remember isn‘t what really happened.
1.What do you think the article is about? Check (✓) a, b, or c. Then read the article and
check your answer.
a. It is about why our first memories are not always true.
b. It is about how our brain works to store memories.
c. It is about why we remember things in early childhood.
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3. What did researchers ask volunteers to do when they carried out the survey?
a. They asked them to say how old they were at the time of their first memory.
b. They asked them to use an old photograph to help them think back to their first
memory.
c. They asked them to write down the memory in the form of a story.
4. Why were researchers certain that some of the volunteers’ memories were not true?
a. Because some volunteers said they were under three at the time they formed the memory.
b. Because it was clear that some memories weren‘t based on direct experience.
c. Because people in the volunteers‘ families said the memory was just a story.
5. How do people often feel when they discover that their first memories are not true?
a. They are angry and want to forget the memory.
b. They find it funny that they could believe something that wasn‘t true.
c. They are disappointed because they liked having the memory.
3. Write about a memory from early childhood. Complete the text so it is true for you.
Do you think your memory is completely true? Why? / Why not?
An Early Memory
I remember__________________ when I was__________ years old.
I was in______________and I was with _________________________________________
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Comprehension (3)
GuitarOnline
Our Top Three Websites for Learning Guitar
Do you want to learn the guitar online? We‘ve made this list of the top
websites to help you choose the best one for you.
1 Guitar Skills
Level: Best for beginners to intermediate players
Price: $19.95 per month
Free trial: Yes, 14 days
Good things:
• The program feels more organized than that of other online guitar courses,
and you get to play all kinds of music, from pop and rock to classical and jazz.
• Lesson videos are short and easy to follow with a variety of different teachers.
• You can download video lessons to your smartphone easily – Guitar Skills is definitely a
good choice if you aren‘t often online.
Bad things:
• It‘s better for beginners than intermediate students.
• The website looks less interesting than that of other guitar websites.
Click here to try Guitar Skills for free.
2 Playguitar.com
Level: Beginner to advanced
Price: Free
Pros:
• All lessons are on YouTube, so they‘re easy to find, but you can‘t download them.
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• You get the same teacher for every lesson – she‘s a skilled guitar player
named Penny. Cons:
• The lesson structure isn‘t very good.
• There isn‘t much variety in terms of musical style – it‘s all rock and pop – so it‘s boring if
you‘re an advanced player. Check out Playguitar.com here.
3 InConcert
Level: Best for intermediate to advanced players
Price: Monthly $20.00; yearly $120.00
Free trial: Yes, 7 days
Pros:
• Lessons aren‘t well organized, but the best thing is that there are so many – more than
any other website. • You can video chat with instructors at any time.
Cons:
• There are a lot of different instructors, so some lessons are good, but others
are not so good. • You can‘t download many of the lessons.
• There are no lessons on playing jazz music.
Bottom line: InConcert is great value if you‘re already good at the guitar and
want to improve. Click here to try InConcert for free.
COMMENTS Sign Up or Log In to add comments [Topguy] Guitar Skills is good, but
GuitarHeroes is cheaper and more useful. It’s the best! Why isn’t it on your list?
[NewGirl] Thx! I started playing the guitar last week! Now I know which online guitar
course to try. [MollyGuitar] I signed up for InConcert. It looks great, but a lot of the
lessons are boring.
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Reflect
3 Read the web page again. Choose the best online guitar course for you.
Why is it the best? Give two reasons.
You can use your own ideas or information in the texts.
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Comprehension (4)
We have always been social animals. In prehistoric times, we lived in small groups and
learned from others. For example, we learned which plants and fruits to eat by watching
what older people in our group chose to eat. We copied the behavior of the majority, and
that helped us to survive. It takes a long time to learn things by yourself – too long! In
our modern world, we continue to do what others do because it saves time and helps us
be successful.
Imagine you are walking out of a movie theater carrying a very large, empty popcorn
box. There are no trash cans anywhere. It seems irresponsible to just leave it or drop it.
So, what do you do with it? Well, you look at other people to see what they do. If
everybody walks into the street with it, you will probably do the same. But if somebody
leaves the box on their seat, you might decide to do that instead. And if everybody
leaves the box, well, you will do exactly the same! It‘s not right, but, hey, everybody
does it!
In an experiment, a group of researchers worked with young children who were afraid
of dogs. For 20 minutes a day over a period of 4 days, the children observed another
young child and his pet dog. The little boy loved his dog, and the two played together
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happily. At the end of the experiment, most of the children were no longer afraid of
dogs. Their feelings changed after watching the boy interacting with his pet.
People often have different views about politics or society or the state of the planet. In
an experiment, a group of people with opposite views were put together. They just
argued and shouted! Then a group of people with similar views got together. Some of
these people had very strong views, but others felt much less strongly about the issues.
After a discussion, researchers found that everybody in the group now held strong
views about the subject. It seems that when we get together with people with similar
views, it reinforces our own views and makes them clearer.
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1. Read the article. Match the headings 1–5 to the paragraphs of the article A–E.
2. Read the article again. Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F).
1. In paragraph A, the writer says it is better to learn things by yourself than to copy what
others do. T / F
2. In paragraph B, the writer says we are more likely to copy behavior if we see many people
do something than if we just see one person do it. T / F
3. In paragraph C, the writer says that a majority of children lost their fear of dogs after the
experiment. T / F
4. In paragraph D, the writer says that we pay more attention to facts than
people‘s opinions. T / F
5. In paragraph E, the writer says that people with opposite views usually agree after they
spend time together in a discussion. T / F
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Reflect
3. Check (✓) the sentences that are true for you. Then write a sentence to give an
example.
a. I often watch other people before I decide what to do.
For example, I _______________________________________________________________ .
b. Sometimes, I do something that I think is wrong because everybody else does it.
For example, I________________________________________________________________ .
c. I feel less worried about something if my friends aren‘t worried.
For example, I ________________________________________________________________.
d. I buy things because celebrities advertise them.
For example, I_______________________________________________________________ .
e. I feel more confident about my opinions when my friends agree with me.
For example, I_______________________________________________________________ .
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Self Study
sheets
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Task 1
A.Correct the following sentences into present simple & present continuous :
1. Jeremy usually ______________ to school by bus but today his dad _________________
him. (GO, DRIVE)
2. How often ____________________ to the park for a picnic? (YOU GO)
3. Northern California _________________ a lot of rain during the wintertime but this winter it
_________________ at all. (GET, NOT RAIN)
4. My sister often _________________ in bed but today she is so tired that she
___________________ anything at all. (READ, NOT READ)
5. Look to your right! Mary _______________ her little sister to school. How sweet! (BRING)
6. Mom can't help you right now because she _________________ dinner. (PREPARE)
7. The neighbours' boys always _________________ to school late. (COME)
8. My parents never _________________ cigarettes in front of us. (SMOKE)
9. I can't understand him because I _________________ any French. (NOT KNOW)
10.Mary _________________ eating sweets. Every morning she _________________ coffee
with lots of sweets. (LIKE, HAVE)
11.What _______________________? – I think they _________________ to be fed by the
tourists. (THE DUCKS DO, WAIT)
12.It _________________ very hard at the moment. (RAIN)
13.They normally _________________ TV on Sundays but today they _________________ a
nap. (WATCH, TAKE)
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B.Fill in the correct form of the verb given: Present Tense Simple or Progressive:
1. Dad ___________________ us to school every morning. (DRIVE)
2. Max ___________________ at an Internet café this summer. (WORK)
3. We ________________________ abroad this year because of the pandemic. (NOT GO)
4. It never ___________________ in the Atacama Desert in Chile. (RAIN)
5. Marty ______________________ to the fitness centre on Mondays. (NOT USUALLY GO)
6. What is that? – I ___________________ sounds that are not there. (HEAR)
7. We ___________________ of leaving Britain next year. We might go to America. (THINK)
8. I ___________________ my ex-husband next Monday. (SEE)
9. This box ___________________ a lot. What is in it? (WEIGH)
10.What _______________________ under the table? – Is there anything wrong? (YOU DO)
11.She never ___________________ to anyone about her problems. (TALK)
12.Mary ___________________ very sad. What's happened to her? (LOOK)
13.They ________________________ a few days in Stockholm next month. (SPEND)
14.You can't go in. They ___________________ a meeting. (HAVE)
15.I ___________________ I'll have a cup of coffee. I'm so tired. (THINK)
16. ________________________ fishing with me on Sunday? – I don't know. I'll think about it.
(YOU GO)
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Task 2
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Task 3
A.The Comparative Form of Adjectives Complete the following sentences with the correct
comparative form of the words listed below.
bad / important / crowded / good / high /heavy/ convenient/ difficult/ cheap
expensive/ quiet/ easy/ thin/ healthy / dangerous / cold
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15. The store is having a great sale today. Most televisions are 25% __________________ than
they were yesterday.
16. The doctor told me that I can go back to work if I feel ______________________
tomorrow.
B.Make your own comparisons using the words provided and the structure as…as.
Ex. -My apartment/ large/ yours
My apartment is as large as yours.
-My car /expensive/ your car
My car isn‘t as expensive as your car.
1. biology/ interesting/ history
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. train/ fast/ airplane
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. algebra/ difficult/ geometry
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. Batman / popular/ Superman
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. lemon/ sweet/ orange
____________________________________________________________________________
6. morning/ warm/ afternoon
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. robin / big/ eagle
____________________________________________________________________________
8. my neighbor/ friendly/ yours
___________________________________________________________________________
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C.The Superlative Form of Adjectives Complete the following sentences with the correct
superlative form of the words listed below.
Funny / high / delicious / easy / cold / boring /lucky/ smart/ dirty/ rich/ valuable/ bad
large/ cheap /long /scary
1. Yesterday was _____________________ day of the year. I almost froze to death walking
home from school!
2. That was ________________________________ movie I‘ve ever seen. I almost walked out
in the middle.
3. Please give me your recipe. That is _____________________________ cake I‘ve ever eaten.
4. Jerry is _______________________________ student in our class. He gets the top grades in
every course.
5. Bob told __________________________________ story last night. I couldn‘t stop laughing.
6. Whales are ____________________________________________ animals in the world.
7. The Nile is _________________________________________ river in the world.
8. Marie is ________________________________ person I know. She has won the lottery
four times!
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Task 4
A.Fill in the correct form of the verb in brackets Past simple &present perfect tense:
1. The weather around here ________________ terrible in the last few weeks. (BE)
2. Maria ________________ her suitcase last night. (PACK)
3. I ____________________ volleyball since I was a teenager. (NOT PLAY)
4. We ____________________ wash the dishes. They're all clean now (HELP)
5. They ____________________ the factory. – Really? When ______________________?
(CLOSE, THAT HAPPEN)
6. __________________________________ yet? (YOUR BUSINESS COURSE – START)
7. How long ____________________ that camera? – About a month. I
____________________ it because it was on sale just before Christmas. (YOU HAVE, BUY)
8. _______________________ last week's magazine? – It must be here because I
________________ it on Monday. (YOU SEE, BUY)
9. The books you ordered ____________________. The delivery service
____________________ them an hour ago. (ARRIVE, BRING)
10.The Queen ____________________ her two-week tour through Australia yesterday.
(START) 11.The plane from New York _________________. The passengers are getting out.
(JUST LAND)
12.We ____________________ a party at school for ages. (NOT HAVE)
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13.I ____________________ a cold in school a few days ago and ____________________ ill
ever since. (CATCH, BE)
14.Dinosaurs ____________________ around the earth millions of years ago. (WANDER)
15.Prices ____________________ up last year, but they ____________________ by 8%
already this year. (NOT GO, INCREASE)
16.I'm so tired. I ____________________ all the way to the underground station. (WALK)
17.We ____________________ home from our holidays and getting ready to settle in. (JUST
COME)
18.She ____________________ in London for three years. However, when her mom
__________ , she ____________________ to Leeds and ____________________ there ever
since. (LIVE, DIE, MOVE, LIVE)
19.Dusty ____________________ a match so far this year. He is more successful than last
year, when he ____________________ the first three matches. (NEVER LOSE, LOSE)
20.He ____________________ off the ladder and ____________________ his ankle. That's
why he ____________________ in school for a while. (FALL, BREAK, NOT BE)
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Task 5
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Reading
Log
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30th
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