视听作业 4

A:
1. Why do people get married?
① They fall in love with someone and want companionship.

② Sometimes because women get pregnant, which is also known as “shot-gun wedding”.
They bring the kids to the world and should be responsible for it.
③ For some people it’s about the religious matter and the reasons of economic status.
2. What is the traditional view of marriage?
A: For women, it was about the economic necessity. They would have children and would raise
them up. For men, they were like providers, which means they should provide for the women
and the children. Also, it was about attaching themselves to the children, which was a kind of
complementarity.
3. Why is women’s movement important for later changes of marriage?
A: As the development of women’s movement, marriage has been made into a choice rather than
a necessity, freeing women from economic bandage. And the equality was shattered gladly by
women’s movement. The institutional marriage which is essential to human societies has been
fundamentally transformed to egalitarian principles. Women have huge exit power and choose to
not stuck in bad marriage, and they are twice likely as the men to fight for divorce. Men’s role in
marriage has changed than in the past and women are looking for much more.
4. What is the present situation of marriage and future prospect of it?
A: The scope has been shaken and the pattern haven’t been settled yet. Lesbian and gay couples
are more likely to get married,with 3 in 5 of them choosing to get married. There is slight decline
in marriage rate for those who have got the four-year college education and big one for those
with less education. And there’s also a significant shift-up for the age of first year of marriage,
which can be up to 30 now. As both men and women are enriching labour market and
establishing themselves, the age of marriage has been delayed. Americans now don’t view
marriage as a necessary thing that they have to do to make them a complete person or to have a
good life. Only 1/10 Americans believe that it’s essential to get married, which is a huge cultural
change. The model of marriage that was funded on economic dependency of women on men is
completely obsolete now, and what we need to do is to create more stability in family life without
sacrificing the goal of equality. What we are looking to is how we have strong relationship within
which people can raise up kids well. What matters is parenting. It is possible for us to imagine a
new future for marriage based on egalitarianism between men and women and to share
commitment to kids.
B:
1. What are the consequences of China’s declining population?
A:
① The share cost of living will keep rising, the housing prices and commitment for
properties will become big problems for people. And also the education cost would confuse the
people, which means if you want to send your kids to school, you have to pay a lot of boarding
costs. And real estate market which was booming for the last 30 years has been stalled.
② The aging population would become a severe problem for China, and the quality of
population will be influenced. The rising of aging population means that the government has to
spend a lot of money on social welfare system and pay more for social security or medicare. The
population shrinking would also bring the shrinking of tax payers, which would result in lower tax
revenue and higher government expenditures, making government budget become a problem.
③ The declining population in China will also influence the global supply chain and
become a threat to globalization. China will lose its comparative advantages in manufacturing
field, and the prices of the products will rise, influencing the world’s manufacturing growth. It will
also bring the semi-conduct products shortages.
④ Cheap labour from rural area in China will decline, resulting in the decline of cheap-
labour based manufacturing. And China will lose the dominated state in manufacturing field and
India may be the world’s manufacturing centre.
2. How to tackle the challenge of slow growth of population of China?
A:
① The government has implemented the three-child policy to increase the fertility rate in
China.
② We should also reform the pension system and health and social welfare system.
③ Increasing productivity and reforming education system.
④ We can import cheaper labour from other countries to lower the cost of production and
to maintain our comparative advantages of domestic products.
⑤ Companies should rethink their business model, deciding whether to place
manufactory within or outside China. Also they should look for other sources of consumption
growth.
C: Explain the causes of falling birth rate in Japan.
A:
1. More women in Japan went to work and they chose to delay having children or having less
children.
2. Financial shocks plays an important role in it, which leads the people to take step back,
thinking it’s not the time to have children. And as the society has decided to have less children,
people don’t go backwards to have more.
3. Things like childcare are not necessarily available because the whole structure of workplace
are not necessarily for women to have these to support their work.
4. Gender imbalances in domestic work and the notorious work culture. Men spend less time
doing work at home and women would prefer not to choose that model of life.
D:
1. Write down the news lead of the report.
A: The coronation of King Charles III. King Charles III and Queen Camilla crowned in the service at
Westminster Abbey and in front of 2300 dignitaries, 70 years after his mother was crowned the
Queen. Prince Harry was there but missing the iconic balcony scene, reserve this time for only
working royals. That everyone was there to celebrate though dozens of anti-monarchy protesters
were arrested. Here’s ABC’s , from outside Buckingham Palace.
2. Describe the coronation of King Charles III with important details.
A: 23000 people were at the ceremony and members of the British royal family were there too.
Prince and Princess Wales were standing with their children, 8 year-old Prince Charlie and
Princess Louis. Prince Harry plays a smaller part, arriving at the Abbey alone, with his wife Megan
staying at home with children. He was sitting in the third row from the front. The coronation was
much shorter than the Queen’s coronation. It was marked by a series of ancient religious, 6 in
total, beginning with the recognition. Prince Charles took the coronation oath and there was a
special screen used for this deeply sacred and private moment between the Monarch and the
God. During the crowning moment, Prince William pledged his loyalty. And hundreds of head of
states and representatives from all over the world were there. President Biden sent his
congratulations and honored the friendship between the US and the UK. Tens of thousands of
people lining along the street to catch a glimpse of the new king. Prince Harry was absent.

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A:

1. Why do people get married?

① They fall in love with someone and want companionship.

2. What is the traditional view of marriage?

3. Why is women’s movement important for later changes of marriage?

4. What is the present situation of marriage and future prospect of it?

2. How to tackle the challenge of slow growth of population of China?

C: Explain the causes of falling birth rate in Japan.

2. Describe the coronation of King Charles III with important details.

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