CLUSTER 1

1.Which of the following scenario best describes how a bremsstrahlung radiation is produced?

A. A.High speed electrons are suddenly stopped at the focal spot, converting kinetic energy to
x-rays.
B. B.High speed electron is deflected from its path with corresponding energy loss after
interaction with the nucleus.
C. C.High speed electrons eject the innermost shell electron causing an adjacent electron to fill
in the vacancy subsequently emitting x-rays
D. D.High speed electrons approach a shell electron causing it to decelerate and convert kinetic
energy to x-rays.
2.Which of the following best describes the process of ionization?

A. A.Ionization is the removal of an electron from an atom, creating a positive ion (anion) and
negative ion(cation).
B. B.The ionization process ejects an orbital electron from an atom which leaves the ionized
atom negatively charged.
C. C.Ionization is the process by which electrons are removed from the atom, creating
photoelectron and ionized atom.
D. D.Ionization occurs when an x-ray passes close to an orbital electron and transfers sufficient
energy to raise the atom to a higher energy state.

3.Which of the following travels at the speed of light?

1.alpha particles

2.ultraviolet

3.x-rays

4.Cerenkov

A. A.1 and 3
B. B.2 and 3
C. C.2, 3, and 4
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

4.Which of the following characterizes an ionizing radiation with high quantum energy?

1.short wavelength

2.long wavelength

3.low frequency

4.high frequency

A. A.1 and 3
B. B.1 and 4
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.2 and 4
5.All of the following are properties of x-rays, except:

A. A.X-rays travel in straight lines

B. B.X-rays are electrically neutral
C. C.X-rays can be focused
D. D.None of choices

6.Attenuation is the reduction of the intensity of x- ray beam. Which of the following x-ray
interactions represent this process in diagnostic applications?

A. A.Bremsstrahlung and characteristic

B. B.Compton and pair production
C. C.Photoelectric and classical scattering
D. D.Compton and photoelectric

7.The projectile electrons interacts with the orbital electrons or the nuclear field of target atoms.
These interactions result in the conversion of electron kinetic energy into:

1.x-rays
page 124
2.thermal energy

3.infrared radiation

A. A.1 and 2
B. B.1 and 3
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

8.Which of the following expresses radiation quality?

A. A.LET and HVL

B. B.kVp and mAs
C. C.Quality factor and OER
D. D.kVp and RBE

9.In x-ray imaging, which of the following x-ray interactions with matter is the major contributor of
patient dose?

1.Compton effect -major contributor to radiation workers

2.Photoelectric effect -major contributor to patient dose

3.Photodisintegration

A. A.1 only
B. B.2 only
C. C.1 and 2
D. D.2 and 3

10.In photoelectric effect, which of the following by-products are possible?

1.photoelectron

2.scattered radiation
3.characteristic radiation

A. A.1 only page 150

B. B.1 and 2
C. C.1 and 3
D. D.1, 2 and 3

11.Which of the following is true about the Compton effect?

1.short scale contrast

2.long scale of contrast

3.radiation hazard to personnel4.radiation hazard to patients

A. A.1 and 3
B. B.1 and 4
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.2 and 4

12.The radiologic technologists selects 57 kVp and 3 mAs as technical factor. What are the possible
types of ionizing radiation to be produced? K-characteristic x-rays require an x-ray tube potential of at least
69 kVp. At 65 kVp,or example, no useful characteristic x-rays are
A. A.57 keV bremsstrahlung only produced; therefore, the x-ray beam is all bremsstrahlung
B. B.57 keV bremsstrahlung and heat
C. C.57 keV characteristic and 57keV bremsstrahlung
D. D.57 keV characteristic, 57 keV bremsstrahlung, and heat

13.Which of the following types of x-ray equipment is designed to be taken to patients who are
unable to travel to the radiology department and patients on surgery?

A. A.mobile
B. B.fixed
C. C.portable
D. D.dedicated

14.Which of the following devices function to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy?

A. A.motor
B. B.generator
C. C.rectifier
D. D.transformer

15.Which of the following statements about photoelectric effect is correct?

A. A.Scattered radiation is produced following photoelectric effect.

B. B.Bremsstrahlung radiation areproduced following photoelectric effect.
C. C.Photoelectric effect occurs when the incident x-ray has energy equal to greater than the
electron binding energy of inner shell electron.
D. D.Photoelectric effect occurs when the incident x-ray has energy equal to or less than the
electron binding energy of inner shell electron.

16.In an alternating current, which of the following parts of the wave represent the negative half of
the cycle?
 A. A.crest
B. B.trough
C. C.amplitude
D. D.wavelength

17.Which scenario correctly describes the transferof heat through radiation?

E. A.Heat transfer from the tube housing of anx-ray tube to air.

F. B.Heat transfer from an x-ray tube and through the rotor to the insulating oil.
G. C.Heat transfer through the emission of infrared radiation.
H. D.Heat transfer through the interaction of filament electrons to the tungsten target.

18.How can eddy current losses be minimized?

A. A.Laminating the core material -closed-core transformer

B. B.Use of larger diameter conductive wire
C. C.Use a core with lesser permeability
D. D.Use a core with greater permeability

19.The supplied voltage and amperage are 220 V and 70 A respectively. If the turns ratio is 300:1,
what is electric current output?

A. A.0.23 mA
B. 21,000 mA
C. 4.29 mA
D. 230 mA

20.Which of the following is a step-up typetransformer?

1.high voltage transformer

2.filament transformer

A. 3.autotransformer
B. A.1 only
C. B.2 only
D. C.1 and 3
E. D.1, 2, and 3

21.In three-phase rectification, the primary high voltage coil is arranged in what configuration?

A. A.solenoid
B. B.star
C. C.wye
D. D.delta

22.The radiologic technologist uses an x-ray imaging system operating in single phase. Heselects120
kVp and 400 mA to produce asatisfactory chest radiograph. If he uses an x-ray imaging system
operating in three-phase sixpulse, what is the new mA?

A. A.133 mA
B. B.267 mA
C. C.200 mA
D. D.300 mA
 23.Which of the following types of semiconductors have loosely bound electrons that are relatively
free to move?

A. A.P-type - have spaces, called holes, where there are no electrons. These holes are similar to the space between
cars in heavy traffic. Holes are as mobile as electrons
B. B.N-type
C. C.N-P type
D. D.P-N type -junction b/w p-type and n-type
E. 24.What will determine whether the orbital shell electron will be ionized or not?
A.incident x-ray energy -the incident x ray must have energy equal or greater than the Eb
F. B.electron binding energy
G. C.quantity of electrons in the shells
H. D.atomic mass

25.Why is it necessary to maintain vacuum inside an x-ray tube?

A. A.Air molecules within the tube will cause oxidation and burnout of the anode target
page 106 B. B.Air molecules will collide with high speed electrons, diminishing production of x-rays
C. C.Air molecules increases likelihood of tungsten vaporization.
D. D.All of the choices When just a little gas is in the enclosure, the electron flow from cathode to anode is
reduced, fewer x-rays are produced, and more heat is generated
26.In a stationary anode x-ray tube, what material serves to conduct heat away from the tungsten
and into the oil coolant that surrounds the glass envelope?
In stationary anode tubes the target consists of a tungsten alloy embedded in the
page 110 A. A.molybdenum copper anode. In rotating anode tubes the entire rotating disc is the target Alloying
B. B.rhenium the tungsten (usually with rhenium) gives it added mechanical strength to withstand
C. C.graphite the stresses of high-speed rotation and the effects of repetitive thermal expansion
D. D.copper and contraction

27.Luigi imaged the patient’s right knee in AP and lateral views using an x-ray machine that operates
in three-phase, six pulse generatoroperated at 77 kVp, 5 mAs. What is the totalheat generated by the
x-ray tube?
Single Phase Three phase 12 pulse
A. A.385 HU HU = kVp × mA × s = 0.7 J HU =1.41 × kVp × mA × s
B. 519.75 HU
C. 542.85 HU Three phase 6 pulse High Frequency
HU =1.35 × kVp × mA × s HU =1.45 × kVp × mA × s
D. 1039.50 HU

28.In electromagnetic energy, all of the following is/are directly proportional to energy:

1.velocity

2.frequency

3.amplitude

4.wavelength

A. A.2 only
B. B.2 and 3
C. C.2 and 4
D. D.1, 2, and 3

29.Which of the following correctly describes the shape of effective focal spot when the actual focal
spot is square?
 A. A.A square actual focal spot produces a rectangular and foreshortened effective focal spot.
B. B.A square actual focal spot produces a rectangular and elongated effective focal spot.
C. C.A square actual focal spot produces a square and foreshortened effective focal spot.
D. D.A square actual focal spot produces an asquare and elongated effective focal spot.

30.Which color in the visible light spectrum has a wavelength of 700 nm?
Red - longest wavelength
A. A.red Orange
B. B.orange Yellow
Green
C. C.indigo Blue
D. D.violet Viole

31.When warm-up procedures are neglected and a single, large exposure is applied, which of
following is more likely to happen to the x-ray tube?

A. A.Pitting over the surface of the focal track

B. B.Cracking of the anode
C. C.Tungsten vaporization
D. D.Gassy tube

32.When using mechanical timers, what is the shortest exposure time possible?

A. A.¼ second
X-ray imaging systems with synchronous timers are
B. B.½ second recognizable because the minimum exposure time possible is 1/60 s (17 ms)
C. C.1/60 second
D. D.1/120 second

33.The radiologic technologist is tasked to evaluate the accuracy of synchronous timer in three-phase
full-wave rectified equipment. If results are satisfactory, what should be recorded on the test film?

A. A.6 dots
B. B.6-degree arc
C. C.12 dots
D. D.12-degree arc

34.What should be placed in the filament circuit to adjust amperage and show correct value in the
mA selector?

A. A.line compensator -measures the voltage and adjusts that voltage to precisely 220 V
B. B.volt meter
C. C.ammeter
D. D.rheostat

35.At what temperature should tungsten filament be heated to induce tungsten vaporization?

A. 2200° C
B. 2370° C
C. 3410° C
D. 3370° C

36.After partial depression of the exposure switch:

1.High voltage is applied

 2.Milliamperage is applied

3.Anode rotates

A. A.1 and
B. 2B.1 and
C. 3C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

37.A radiographic technique produces a patient dose of 2 mGy at a SSD of 160 cm. What would be
the patient dose at an SSD of 80 cm if the technique remains the same?

A. A.0.5 mGy
B. B.4 mGy I1 d2 2 inverse square law
=
C. C.8 mGy I2 d1 2
D. D.16 mGy

38.In computed radiography, which of the following detector is used?

A. A.charge-coupled devices
B. B.photostimulable storage phosphor
C. C.flat panel detectors
D. D.barium fluorohalide phosphor

39.In kVp accuracy, the measured kVp should be within of the indicated kVp?

A. A.4%
B. B.5%
C. 10%
D. 2%

40.Which of the following materials comprise the output phosphor of a fluoroscope?

A. A.cesium iodide -input phosphor of flouroscopy

page 408 B. B.antimony -photocathode is a thin metal layer usually composed of cesium and antimony
C. C.cadmium tungstate -detector material
D. D.zinc cadmium sulfide

41.Which of the following will occur as a result of decreasing anode target angle?

1.anode heel effect will be lesspronounced

2.effective focal spot size willdecrease

3.greater photon intensity toward the cathode side of the x-ray tube

A. A.1 only
B. B.1 and 2
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

42.If the primary coil of the high voltage transformer is supplied by 220 V and has 150 turns, and the
secondary coil has 75,000 turns, what is the voltage induced in these secondary coil?

A. A.75 kV
 Vs = Ns
vp Np
B. B.110 kV
C. C.75 V
D. D.110 V

43.Which of the following circuit devices operates on the principle of self-induction?

1.autotransformer

2.choke coil

3.high voltage transformer

A. A.1 only
B. B.1 and 2
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

44.Which of the following test tools for the evaluation of focal spot is easiest to use and measures
focal spot as a function of geometric blur?

A. A.slit camera
B. B.star pattern resolution device
C. C.pinhole camera
D. D.line pair test tool

45.In Compton scattering, as the angle of deflection approaches to 180degrees:

1.short wavelength scattered radiation

At a deflection of 0 degrees, no energy is transferred. As
2.long wavelengthscattered radiation the angle of deflection increases to 180 degrees, more
energy is transferred to the Compton electron, but even
3.low energy recoil electron at 180 degrees of deflection the scattered x-ray retains
at least approximately two-thirds of its original energy
4.high energy recoil electron

A. A.1 and 3
B. B.1 and 4 page 148
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.2 and 4

46.The spinning-top test can be used to evaluate:

1.timer accuracy

2.rectifier failure

3.effect of kV on contrast

A. A.1 only
B. B.1 and 2
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

47.Which of the following dose-response relationships represent cerebrovascular syndrome?

A. A.linear threshold
B. B.non-linear threshold
 C. C.linear non-threshold
D. D.non-linear non-threshold

48.Radiation induced somatic conditions such as skin erythema, follows what kind of dose response
relationship?

A. A.linear threshold
B. B.non-linear threshold
C. C.linear non-threshold
D. D.non-linear non-threshold

49.Which of the following statements correctly describe the relationship of LET and RBE?

A. A.As the LET of radiation is increased,the RBE increases.

B. B.As the LET of radiation is increased,the RBE decreases.
directly related
C. As the LET of radiation is decreased,the RBE increases.

D. LET and RBE are independent with oneanother

50.What metal is added to the filament to increase thermionic emission and extent of tube life?

A. A.tungsten
B. B.thorium Thoriated tungsten
C. C.copper
D. D.rhenium

51.Fetal irradiation during the first two weeks of gestation can result to:

A. A.congenital anomalies
B. B.fetal resorption
C. C.childhood malignant disease
D. D.non-specific life span shortening

52.Which of the following statements describe elective booking?

A. A.During the first ten days after the onset of menstruation, performing radiographic
procedures of the abdomen and pelvis should be postponed
B. B.During the first ten days after the onset of menstruation, performing radiographic
procedures of the abdomen and pelvis should be performed.
C. C.During the first ten days before the on set of menstruation, performing radiographic
procedures of the abdomen and pelvis should be postponed
D. D.During the first ten days before the on set of menstruation, performing radiographic
procedures of the abdomen and pelvis should be performed.

53.Isabel uses an x-ray machine with 500-mA capacity. If she selected 90 kVp and 25 mAs as the
technical factor for coronary angiography,what is the shortest exposure time possible?

A. A.50 ms mAs divide mA

B. B.0.05 ms
C. C.20 ms
D. D.0.02 ms

54.Late effects of radiation exposure include:

 1.carcinogenesis

2.cataractogenesis

3.life-span shortening

A. A.1 and 2
B. B.1 and 3
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

55.Which of the following gonadal shields is most effective to be used in erect and fluoroscopic
procedures?

A. A.flat contact
B. B.shaped contact
C. C.shadow
D. D.lead apron

56.What is the acceptable SSD when mobile fluoroscopic equipment is used?

A. A.12 inches The SSD must be not less than 38 cm on

page 554 B. B.15 inches stationary fluoroscopes and not less than 30 cm
C. C.30 inches on mobile fluoroscopes
D. D.38 inches

57.In a providing a means of protecting the patients, all of the following recommendations are
correct, except:

A. A.X-ray tube housing must keep leakage radiation to less than 100 mR/hr at 1m.
B. B.X-ray linearity values shall not exceed 5% of the output intensity 10%
C. C.The collimated x-ray field must correspond with the light field to within2% of SID.
D. D.None of the choices

58.When the kV selected is equal to or slightly greater than the inner shell binding energy of a target
tissue atom, which interaction predominates?

A. A.Thomson scattering
B. B.Photoelectric effect
C. C.Compton effect
D. D.Pair production

59.A back-up timer for the AEC control serves to:

1.protect patient from overexposure

2.increases inherent filtration

3.protect x-ray tube from excessive heat

A. A.1 only
B. B.1 and 2
C. C.1 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3
 60.The lead glass that permits patient observation in a control booth is recommended to have a lead
thickness of:

A. A.1/16 inch 1/4 inch thickness which is equivalent to 1.5 mm sheet lead.
B. B.1/32 inch
C. C.1.5 inch
D. D.0.8 inch

61.The protective housing guards against excessive radiation exposure and electric shock. A properly
designed protective housing reduces the level of leakage radiation to lessthan:

A. A.100 mGy/hr at 1 meter

B. B.1 mGy/hr at 1 meter 100 mR/hr at 1 m =1 mGya /hr at 1 meter
C. C.100 R/hr at 1 meter
D. D.1 mR/hr at 1 meter

62.Which of the following ensures that electrons flow from cathode to anode only?

A. A.focusing cup
B. B.rectifier
C. C.transformer
D. D.diode

63.What is the most radiosensitive stage of the cell division?

A. A.DNA Synthesis Phase G1-S transition

B. B.Post-DNA Synthesis Phase
C. C.Cell Division Phase
D. D.Metaphase

64.If an RT receives 60 mR while standing at 4ftfrom a source of radiation for 2 minutes, which
options listed below will most effectively reduce exposure?

A. A.standing 5 ft from the source for 1 minute

B. B.standing 6 ft from the source for 2 minutes
C. C.standing 4 ft from the source for 3 minutes
D. D.standing 3 ft from the source for 1 minute

65.A radiologic technology intern younger than 18years is recommended with an annual dose limit
of?

A. A.0.1 rem Students younger than 18 years

page 604 B. B.0.5 rem of age may not receive more than 1 mSv/yr (100 mrem/yr)
during the course of their educational activities
C. C.2 rem
D. D.5 rem

66.What is the established fetal dose-limit for pregnant radiographers during the entire gestation
period?

A. A.0.1 rem The DL for the fetus is 5 mSv (500 mrem) for
B. B.0.5 rem the period of pregnancy
C. C.2 rem
D. D.5 rem 1mSv = 0.1 rem
67.Characteristics of non-stochastic effects of radiation include:

1.predictability

2.threshold

3.dose-related severity

A. A.1 and 2
B. B.1 and 3
C. C.2 and 3
D. D.1, 2, and 3

68.A hydroperoxyl radical is formed when a hydrogen free radical combines with:

A. A.hydrogen ion
B. B.hydroxyl ion
C. C.oxygen
D. D.hydrogen free radical

69.Which of the following ICRP publication is not applicable to patient protection?

A. A.Justification of practice
B. B.Dose Limitation
C. C.Optimization of protection
D. D.None of the choices

70.What is the table top dose rate for a fluoroscopy unit equipped with high level

control? A.5 R/minB.10 R/minC.15 R/minD.20 R/min71.How much dose is needed to cause death
among humans at the whole body level?

A. A.100 rads
B. B.200 rads
C. C.300 rads
D. D.400 rads

72.What threshold dose is necessary to redden the skin following irradiation?

A. A.2 Gy
B. B.3 Gy
C. C.100 mGy
D. D.250 mGy

73.Which tissue has the highest radiosensitivity?

A. A.Brain
B. B.Skin
C. C.Kidney
D. D.Gonads

74.The scattered beam intensity is about the intensity of the primary beam at a 90-degreeangle at a
distance of 1 meter.

A. A.1/10th
 B. 1/100th
C. 1/1000th
D. 1/10,000t

75.What will give the highest x-ray quantity to the x-ray beam?

A. A.1.5 mm Al
B. B.2 mm Al
C. C.2.5 mm Al
D. D.3 mm Al

76.The femur is radiographed using 85 kVp, 7mAs resulting to an x-ray intensity of 32 mR.If the
technique is changed to 75 kVp, 7 mAs.What is the resultant x-ray intensity?

A. 24.91 mR
B. 41.07 mR
C. 28.23 mR
D. 36.27 mR

77.The controlled area is shielded to keep exposure under what annual effective dose limit?

A. A.1 mSv Design limits for a controlled area are based on

B. B.5 mSv the annual recommended occupational dose limit
C. C.20 mSv of 50 mSv/yr.
D. D.50 mSv

78.Which of the following determinants of barrier thickness takes into account the volume and types
of examination performed in the room?

A. A.Occupancy
B. B.Workload
C. C.Use factor
D. D.Control

79.Which of the following personnel dosimeters offers the highest radiosensitivity?

A. A.Film badge
B. B.OSL
C. C.TLD
D. D.Pocket dosimeter

80.The effective dose limit for occupationally exposed individuals is 20 mSv averaged over5 years.
The recommendation for this effective dose limit is found in what report?

A. A.ICRP Report No. 60

B. B.ICRP Report No. 116
C. C.NCRP Report No. 60
D. D.NCRP Report No. 116

81.According to NCRP Report No. 160, what is the greatest source of natural back ground radiation?

A. A.cosmic rays
B. B.radon gas
C. C.radionuclides
 D. D.radiation-emitting devices

82.Which of the following means that there isa safe level of radiation, and the response to radiation
is not proportional to the dose received?

A. A.linear threshold
B. B.non-linear threshold
C. C.linear non-threshold
D. D.non-linear non-threshold

83.All of the following statements correctly describes a falling load generator,except:

A. A.Falling load generator always uses the shortest exposure time possible to obtain a given
mA.
B. B.Falling load generator always uses the shortest mA possible to obtain a given exposure
time.
C. C.Tube current starts at highest level possible for first portion of exposure
D. D.Rapid sequence exposures may cause exposure time to increase

84.A technique of 80 kV, 200 mA and 0.2seconds is to be used on a 3-phase, 6 pulsex-ray machine to
render AP and lateral views of the abdomen. How many heat units are produced?

A. 4320
B. 8640
C. 3200
D. 6400

85.The radiologic technologists select 90kVp, 6 mAs in a three-phase twelve pulse equipment. What
is the actual kVp set?

A. A.89.1 kVp
B. B.77.4 kVp
C. C.86.4 kVp
D. D.90 kVp

86.A kVp meter reads 89 kVp and the turns ratio is 900. What is the true voltage across the
meter? A.80.1 voltsB.80,100 voltsC.98.89 voltsD.98,889 volts87.Which of the following sets of
elementsare isobars?

A. A.Co-59 and Co-60

B. B.Xe-127 and Xe-133
C. C.F-18 and O-15
D. D.Tc-99 and Ru-99

88.What is the power rating of a three-phase x- ray generator capable of 140 kVp at1,000
mA,0.1sec?

A. A.98 kilowatts
B. B.140 watts
C. C.140 kilowatts
D. D.14 kilowatts

89.What is the energy of a photon which has a frequency of 2.33 x 1019 cycles per second?
 A. A.96,695 joules
B. B.97 keV
C. C.97 kVp
D. 96,695 keV

90.The highest energy x-ray produced at 70kVp has a frequency of 1.96 x 1019 Hz.

What is the wavelength of the x-ray?

A. 1.53 x 10-10 meter

B. 1.53 x 10-11 meter
C. 6.53 x 1010 meter
D. 6.53 x 1011 meter

91.The radiation weighting factor for alpha is 20 and the tissue weighting factor for breast is 0.05.If
the breast received an absorbed dose of 12 rad. What is the effective dose?

A. 12 Sv
B. 0.012 Sv
C. 0.12 Sv
D. 1.2 Sv

92.Under hypoxic conditions, the tumor control dose for 250 kVp x-ray is 245 Gy.If the same tumor
was exposed under aerobic conditions, the tumor control doseis 300 rad. What is the OER?

A. 0.81
B. 1.22
C. 0.012
D. 81.67

93.If the radiologic technologist selects 65 kVp and 12 mAs as the technical factors, what is the
energy of the characteristic radiation?

A. A.57 keV
B. B.65 keV
C. C.69 keV
D. D.0 keV

94.Which of the following will induce the production of free radicals?

A. A.Direct effect
B. B.Indirect effect
C. C.Doubling dose
D. D.Both A and B

95.The following are the cardinal principles of radiation protection, what is the most effective means
of protection against radiation exposure for the radiographer?

A. A.Time
B. B.Distance
C. C.Shielding
D. D.All of the above
96.The lens of the eye is considered a radiosensitive organ. Which of the following is the effective
dose limit of the lens of the eye for the general public?

A. A.15 mSv
B. B.20 mSv
C. C.150 mSv
D. D.500 mSv

97.According to ICRP recommendation, what is

the dose limit of fetus from declaration of pregnancy by a radiation worker?

A. A.0.5 mSv
B. B.1 mSv
C. C.5 mSv
D. D.10 mSv

98.Which of the following correctly describes secular equilibrium?

A. A.Parent radionuclide is short lived

B. B.Parent radionuclide is long lived
C. C.Daughter radionuclide is short lived
D. D.PaDaughterrent radionuclide is long lived

99.Comparing 50 keV photon and 100 keV photon,the latter has:

1.low frequency

2.high frequency

3.short wavelength

4.long wavelength

A. A.1 and 3
B. B.1 and4
C. C..2and 3
D. 2 and 4

100.The probability of photoelectric interaction depends on the following:

1.Low energy photons

2.High energy photons

3.Low atomic number of the absorber

4.High atomic number of the absorber

A. A.1 and 3 only

B. B.1 and 4 only
C. C.2 and 3 only
D. D.2 and 4 only