Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 0 views

    Raft_Foundation_Design (2)

    Uploaded by

    kamran.enigroups

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Raft_Foundation_Design (2)

    Uploaded by

    kamran.enigroups
    0 views3 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    0 views3 pages

    Raft_Foundation_Design (2)

    Uploaded by

    kamran.enigroups

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 3

    Design of Raft Foundation Using Indian Standards

    Input Data

    1. Column Layout:
    - C1, C2, C3, C4: Present at the corners.
    - C5: Located at the centroid of the raft.

    2. Column Loads:
    - C1, C2, C3: Vertical Load = 500 kN, Mx = 90 kN.m, My = 30 kN.m, Mz = 70 kN.m.
    - C4, C5: Vertical Load = 600 kN, Mx = 100 kN.m, My = 40 kN.m, Mz = 80 kN.m.

    3. Soil SBC: 200 kN/m².

    4. Material Properties:
    - Concrete: M25 (fck = 25 MPa).
    - Steel: Fe500 (fy = 500 MPa).

    5. Column Dimensions:
    - 300 mm x 300 mm.

    Step 1: Initial Dimensions of the Raft

    Total Vertical Load:


    P_total = P_C1 + P_C2 + P_C3 + P_C4 + P_C5
    P_total = (3 x 500) + (2 x 600) = 2700 kN

    Raft Area:
    To limit the soil pressure within SBC:
    q_soil = P_total / (L x B) ≤ 200 kN/m²

    Assume a square raft for simplicity:


    L x B = 2700 / 200 = 13.5 m²

    Take L = 3.7 m and B = 3.7 m (Rounded to practical dimensions).

    Step 2: FEM Analysis

    Using FEM software (e.g., SAFE, STAAD.Pro), follow these steps:


    1. Geometry:
    - Raft dimensions: 3.7 m x 3.7 m.
    - Thickness: Assume D = 600 mm initially.

    2. Soil Interaction:
    - Modulus of subgrade reaction (k): k = SBC / Settlement
    k = 200 / 0.025 = 8000 kN/m³.

    3. Loads:
    - Axial loads, moments (Mx, My, Mz), and soil-structure interaction are applied.

    Analysis Outputs:
    - Bending moments (Mx, My).
    - Shear forces (Vx, Vy).
    - Soil pressure distribution.

    Step 3: Structural Design

    Flexural Design:
    Maximum Bending Moment from FEM:
    M_u = 150 kN.m

    Effective Depth (d):


    Assume D = 600 mm, clear cover = 50 mm, bar diameter (φ) = 16 mm.
    d = D - clear cover - φ/2 = 600 - 50 - 8 = 542 mm.

    Required Steel Area (A_s):


    M_u = 0.87 fy A_s d (1 - A_s / (fck bd))

    Trial A_s = 2400 mm². Check adequacy:


    M_u = 152.2 kN.m (> M_u = 150 kN.m). OK.

    Provide 16 mm φ bars @ 150 mm c/c.

    Shear Check:
    Shear force from FEM:
    V_u = 100 kN

    Nominal shear stress:


    τ_v = V_u / (b d) = 0.184 N/mm²

    Design shear strength of M25 concrete (Table 19, IS 456:2000):


    τ_c = 0.36 N/mm² (for pt = 0.2%).
    τ_v < τ_c. OK.

    Punching Shear Check:


    Critical perimeter around a column:
    u_c = 4(a + d) = 4(300 + 542) = 3368 mm.

    Punching shear stress:


    τ_p = V / (u_c d) = 0.271 N/mm².

    Permissible punching shear:


    τ_pc = 0.25 √fck = 1.25 N/mm².

    τ_p < τ_pc. OK.

    Step 4: Reinforcement Detailing

    1. Top Reinforcement:
    Provide 16 mm φ bars @ 150 mm c/c in both directions.

    2. Bottom Reinforcement:
    Provide 12 mm φ bars @ 200 mm c/c in both directions.

    3. Shear Reinforcement:
    Provide 10 mm φ stirrups @ 200 mm c/c around columns.

    Step 5: Final Checks

    1. Crack Width:
    Ensure crack width is within permissible limits using IS 456:2000, Annex C.

    2. Sliding and Overturning:


    Check stability as per IS 456:2000, Clause 20.

    You might also like