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    Trigonometry

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    Joyce Grospe

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Trigonometry

    Uploaded by

    Joyce Grospe
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    3 views5 pages

    Trigonometry

    Uploaded by

    Joyce Grospe

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
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    JULIA ORTIZ LUIS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

    SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL


    Mathematics Subject Area: STEM_PC11T-IIa-1

    TRIGONOMETRY Name: _________________________________ Score: ___________


    ANGLES IN A UNIT CIRCLE
    Objectives:
    (1) illustrate the unit circle and the relationship between the linear and
    angular

    measures of arcs in a unit circle.

    (2) convert degree measure to radian measure, and vice versa.

    (3) illustrate angles in standard position and co-terminal angles.

    The Unit Circle

    Consider a circle whose center is at (0,0). The circle of radius 1 (one) with center at
    origin is called the unit circle. Every point on the unit circle satisfies the equation

    x2 + y2 = 1.

    (0,1)

    P(x,y)

    r=1 s=Ɵ

    (-1,0) (1,0) x - axis

    (0,-1)

    Examples:

    Determine whether each point lie on the unit circle.

    12 −5
    1. ( ,
    13 13
    ¿ substitute the value of x and y in x2 + y2 = 1.

    ( ) ( 13 )
    2 2
    144 25 169
    12
    + −5 ¿1 + =1 =1true
    13 169 169 169
    12 −5
    The point ( , ¿ is on the unit circle
    13 13
    1 1
    2. ( , ¿
    3 2
    substitute the value of x and y in x2 + y2 = 1.

    ( ) (2)
    2 2
    1 1 1 13
    + 1 ¿1 + =1 ≠ 1 false
    3 9 4 36
    1 1
    The point ( , ¿ is not on the unit circle
    3 2
    ANGLE MEASURE

    Ray - line extending from point

    Initial side - initial position of the ray

    Terminal side - the position of the ray at the end of its rotation

    Vertex - endpoint of the ray

    O Vertex initial side A

    Negative angle
    B
    terminal side
    terminal side positive angle
    B

    O initial side A

    Initial side of ∠ AOB is OA

    Terminal side OB

    Positive angle - counterclockwise

    Negative angle - clockwise

    ANGLES in STANDARD POSITION

    An angle whose vertex lies at the origin of the rectangular coordinate system and whose
    initial side is positive along the positive x-axis is said to be in standard position.

    B terminal side OB

    o α ϴ angle Ɵ and α are in standard position


    A
    x -axis
    O initial side OA

    terminal side OC

    CENTRAL ANGLE

    A central angle of a circle measures one degree, written 1o, if it intercepts 1/360 of the
    circumference of the circle.

    One degree is written 10; one minute is written 1’; one second 1”

    Conversion:

    1o = 60’ minutes; 1’ minute = 60” seconds; 360o = 1 revolution

    1” = 1/60o 1” = 1/60’
    Examples:

    1. Convert 10o 30’ 18” to the nearest degree.

    = 10o {30’ + 18”(1’/60”)}

    = 10o 30.3’ {10+(30.3’)(1o/60’)}o

    = 10.505o

    2. Convert 79.251o to the nearest second.

    79.251o = 79o(0.251 * 60)’ 790 15.06’

    = 79o 15’ (0.06 * 60)”

    = 79o 15’ 3.6”

    Example: Identify the terminal side of an angle in standard position with given measure.
    1. degree measure: 135o, -135o, -90o, 405o

    C B
    45o
    A
    O x-axis
    45o 135o
    D E

    A central angle of the unit circle that intercepts an arc of the circle with length 1 unit is
    said to have a measures of one radian, written 1 rad.

    1 radian ≈ 57.3o

    Converting degree to radian, and vice versa: 180o = π rad; 360o = 2π rad
    π 180
    1. Degree to radian, multiply by 2. Radian to degree, multiply by
    180 π
    Examples:
    π 5π
    1. Express 75o in radians ⇒ 75( )=
    180 12
    π 4π
    2. Express 240o in radians ⇒ 240( )=
    180 3
    11π 11π 180
    3. Express in degrees ⇒ ( ) = 330o
    6 6 π
    π π 180
    4. Express in degrees ⇒ ( ) = 22.5o
    8 8 π

    Coordinates of Points on the Unit Circle

    ARC LENGTH and AREA of SECTOR 1. Find the area of a sector of a circle with
    central angle 60o and radius 3m.

    2. A sprinkler on a golf course fairway is


    ϴ s
    set to spray water over a distance of 70 ft
    and rotates through an angle of 120o. Find
    the area of the fairway watered by the
    sprinkler.
    C = 2πr
    3. Find the length of an arc intercepted by
    S = rϴ; ϴ in radian a central angle with radius 10 m that
    1 2 subtends a central angle of 30o.
    A sector = ϴr
    2
    4.A central angle ϴ in a circle of radius 4m
    A circle = πr2 is subtended by an arc of length 6m. Find
    the measure of ϴ in degrees, radians.

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