UNIVERSITY OF DELHI

CNC-II/093/1(23)/2022-23/395
Dated: 27.01.2023
NOTIFICATION
Sub: Amendment to Ordinance V
[E.C Resolution No. 38-1/ (38-1-14) dated 08.12.2022]

Following addition be made to Appendix-II-A to the Ordinance V (2-A) of the

Ordinances of the University;

Add the following:

Syllabi of Semester-I and Semester-II of Five Year Integrated Programme in

Journalism based on Undergraduate Curriculum Framework -2022 under Delhi
School of Journalism to be implemented from the Academic Year 2022-23
CATEGORY I
(Semester I)

DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – DSC A1: MEDIA & COMMUNICATION

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course title & Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility Pre-
Code Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria requisite of
Practice the course
(if any)
Media & 4 3 0 1 Class XII NIL
Communication Pass

Learning Objectives
The course introduces students to communication concepts, theories, models and use of different
types of media.

Learning Outcomes
Students will understand the elements and processes of communication thereby improving their
communication skills. This will help them to explore myriad career options in communication and
journalism.
SYLLABUS OF DSC A1 – Media & Communication (45 Hours)

Unit 1 – Basics of Communication (11 Hours)

1. Communication: Definition, Elements, Principles, Processes
2. Types of Communication: Verbal and Non- Verbal; Formal and Informal; Mediated
and Non- Mediated
3. Forms of Communication: Intrapersonal, Interpersonal, Group, Public and Mass
Communication
4. Functions of Communication
5. Media and Cultural Communication

Unit 2 – Understanding Media (11 Hours)

1. Types of Media – Folk, Print, Broadcast, Film, New Media and Alternative Media
2. Functions of media – Inform, Educate, Entertain etc.
3. Community Media - Community Radio, Participatory Video and Community
Newspapers
4. Critical Media Literacy
5. Media in Democracy – Media as the Watchdog and the Fourth Estate/Pillar of
Democracy

Unit3 – Mass Communication Theories and Models (11 Hours)

1. Theories of the Press
2. Communication Models –(Indian, Western etc.)
3. Media and Private, Public Spheres
4. Communication and Media in the Internet Age: Changing Trends – Speed,
Volume, Interactivity, Virtuality and Virality.

Unit4 – Mass Communication and Effects Paradigm (12 Hours)

1. Direct Effects – Hypodermic Needle/ Magic Bullet Theory, Propaganda, and Mass
Society Theory.
2. Limited Effects – Individual Difference, Cognitive Dissonance and Two Step Flow
of Communication - Personal Influence Theory
3. Agenda Setting Theory, Spiral of Silence and Cultivation Analysis
4. Critique of the Effects Paradigm and Emergence of Alternative Paradigms – Uses
and Gratification Theory

Practical Component (30 Hours)

1. Contemporary Media Analysis
2. Presentations on Communication Theories
3. Viva and Extempore on relevant topics.
Suggested Readings
1. Denis McQuail, McQuail's Mass Communication Theory (Sixth Edition), New Delhi: Sage
Publishers, 2010.
2. Gupta, Bharat, Dramatic Concepts, Greek & Indian: A Study of the Poetics and the
Nāṭyaśāstra, New Delhi: D.K.Printworld, 1994.
3. Howley. K. Understanding Community Media, London: SAGE Publications, 2012.
4. Fiske, John. Introduction to Communication Studies. New York: Routledge, 1982.
5. Kellner, D., & Share, J., Critical media literacy, democracy, and the reconstruction of
education. In D. Macedo& S.R. Steinberg (Eds.), Media literacy: A Reader. New York: Peter
Lang Publishing, 2007. (Page nos. 3-23).
6. Kevin Williams, Understanding Media Theory. New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2003.
(Page nos.168‐188)
7. Keval J. Kumar, Mass Communication in India, New Delhi: JIACO, 1994.
8. Melvin L. DeFleur, Margaret H. DeFleur, Mass Communication Theories: Explaining
Origins, Processes, and Effects. New York: Routledge, 2016.
9. Michael Ruffner and Michael Burgoon, Interpersonal Communication, New York: Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 1981. (Page nos. 21‐34; 59‐72)
10.Stanley J. Baran and Dennis K. Davis, Introduction to Mass Communication Theory (Fifth
Edition). New Delhi: CENGAGE Learning, 2012.
11. Uma Narula, Handbook of Communication: Models, Perspectives and Strategies, New
Delhi: Atlantic Publications, 2006.
 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – DSC B1: REPORTING & EDITING

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility

Pre-requisite
title & Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Code Practice (if any)
Reporting 4 3 0 1 Class XII NIL
& Editing Pass

Learning Objectives
The course will enable students to understand various aspects of print journalism,
organizational structure of print media enterprises and writing for media.

Learning Outcomes
The course will enhance the reporting and editing skills of the students and they will become
proficient in news gathering techniques.

SYLLABUS OF DSC B1 – Reporting & Editing (45 Hours)

Unit 1 – Understanding News (11 Hours)

1. Ingredients of news
2. News: meaning, definition, nature
3. News as a process: from the event to the reader; Hard news vs. Soft Newsbasic
components of a news story.
4. Attribution, objectivity, embargo, verification, balance and fairness, brevity, dateline,
credit line, byline.

Unit 2 – Understanding the Structure and Construction of News (11 Hours)

1. Basic components of a news story, 5W’s and 1H, Inverted pyramid
2. Criteria for newsworthiness, principles of news selection
3. Use of archives, sources of news, use of internet
4. Language and principles of writing: Basic differences between print, electronic and online
journalism (with suitable practical exercises)
Unit 3 – Covering News (12 Hours)
1. Reporter: Roles and responsibilities
2. General assignment reporting/ working on a beat
3. Covering of beats- crime, courts, health, human rights, legislature, education, sports
reporting
4. Covering the beats and writing reports/interviewing personalities. Exercises on copy-
editing. Discussions on current affairs

Unit 4 – Newsroom (11 Hours)

1. Organizational setup of a newspaper, Editorial department
2. Introduction to editing: Functions, headlines, role of sub-editor, news editor, Editor etc.
3. Contemporary debates and issues related to media
4. Organizational setup of a TV newsroom and a Digital Newsroom

Practical Component (30 Hours)

1. News preparation and Production: Social, economic, individual, democracy,
science and society
2. Presentation on the differences between print, broadcast and online
journalism
3. Presentation on the relationship between media and democracy
4. Presentation on the genesis of Journalism and Yellow Journalism
5. Covering an event and presenting how it travels across different media forms
6. Presentation on the current debates and issues related to media
7. Presentation of a news story identifying 5Ws and 1 H.

Suggested Readings
1. Baskette, Floyd K. & Sissors, Jack Z. The Art of Editing, Boston: Allyn and Bacon
Publication, 2004.
2. Chaturvedi, S.N., Dynamics of Journalism and Art of Editing, New Delhi: Cyber Tech
Publications, 2007.
3. MacDougall, Curtis Daniel, Principles of Editorial Writing, Dubuque, Iowa: W.C. Brown
Co. Publishers, 1973.
4. Bender, John R., Davenport, Lucinda D. &Drager, Michael W. Drager. Reporting for the
Media, London: Oxford University Press, 2016.
5. Hodgson, F.W. Modern Newspaper Practice: A Primer on the press, Oxford: Focal Press,
1996.
6. Itule, Bruce D. and Anderson, Douglas A., News Writing and Reporting for Today's
Media, New York: McGraw Hill Publication, 2006.
7. Keeble, Richard, & Reeves, Ian. The Newspapers Handbook, London, UK: Routledge
Publication, 2001.
8. Mencher, Melvin, News Reporting and Writing, New York: McGraw Hill Publication,
2003.
 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – DSC C1 : HISTORY OF MEDIA

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE COURSE

Course Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility

Pre-requisite
title & Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Code Practice (if any)
History of 4 3 0 1 Class XII NIL
Media Pass

Learning Objectives
The course intends to familiarize the students with milestone events in media history.

Learning Outcomes
The course will help the students to understand the historical roots of the contemporary media
phenomenon and its post-modern features.

SYLLABUS OF DSC C1 – History of Media (45 Hours)

Unit 1 - Media and Modernity (11 Hours)

1. Before the Print Revolution – A brief sketch – Cave Paintings, Rock Art, Written
Culture, Folk, Drama and Oral Traditions, Acta Diurna, Roman Newsletters
2. Print Revolution
3. Evolution of Press in United States, Great Britain and France
4. Concept of Penny Press, Tabloids, and Yellow Journalism
5. E-papers and online newspapers

Unit 2 - Press in India (11 Hours)

1. Evolutionary History of Indian Press
2. Nation building and media
3. Emergency and Post Emergency Era
4. Coming of new media technologies, Post liberalization- changing market and
audience
5. Tradition of Language Media in India (Hindi/Urdu, Bangla, Malayalam, Tamil,
Marathi etc.) – a brief sketch
Unit 3 - Sound Media (12 Hours)
1. Telegraphy, Telephony and Emergence of Radio
2. Radio in India
3. Penetration of radio in rural India – Case Studies
4. Patterns of State Control; the Demand for Autonomy
5. FM Radio, Community Radio and Web Radio

Unit 4 - Visual Media (11 Hours)

1. The early years of Photography and Cinema
2. TV – Origin and Expansion; Television in India and State’s Development Agenda
3. Commercialization, Transnational Television and Professionalisation of TV Programming
4. Regulatory Mechanisms – (Prasar Bharati, TRAI etc.)

Practical Component (30 Hours)

1. Presentations and Projects on relevant topics
2. Viva and Extempore
3. Movie screenings on subject topics and their analysis.

Suggested Readings
1. Barnouw, Eric, and Krishnaswamy, Indian Film, (2nd Edition), New York: Oxford
University Press, 1980.
2. Biswajit, Das, B Bel, B Das, J Brower, and VibhodhParthasarthi. Mediating Modernity:
Colonial Discourse and radio Broadcasting in India, II Communication Processes Vol. 1:
media and Mediation, New Delhi: Sage, 2005.
3. Briggs, A. and Burke, P., Social History of Media: From Gutenberg to Internet.
Cambridge: Polity Press, 2010.
4. Butcher, Melissa, Transnational: Cultural Identity and Change. New Delhi: Sage, 2003.
5. Raghavan, G.N.S., Early Years of PTI: PTI Story: Origin and Growth of Indian Press,
Bombay: Press Trust of India, 1987.
6. Hunt, Sarah Beth, Hindi Dalit Literature and the politics of Representation, New Delhi:
Routledge, 2014.
7. Jeffrey, Robin, India's News Paper Revolution: Capitalism, Politics and the Indian
language Press, New Delhi: Oxford, 2003.
8. Manuel, Peter and P.C. Chatterjee, Cassette Culture: Broadcasting in India, Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, Sage, 1993.
9. McDonald, Elen, The Modernizing of communication: Vernacular publishing in
Nineteenth Century Maharashtra, Asian Survey, 8-7. 1968.
10.Neurath, P., Radio Farm Forum as a Tool of change in Indian Villages," Economic
Development of Cultural Change, Vol.10, No.3.
11.Page, David, and William Crawley. Satellites over South Asia, New Delhi: Sage, 2001.
12.Parthasarthi, Vibhodh, B Bel, B Das, and Brower, J., Constructing a new Media Market:
Merchandising the talking machine in communication processes, Media and Mediation. Vol.
1. New Delhi: Sage, 2005.
13.Rangaswami, Parthasarthy, Journalism in India from the Earliest to the Present Day, New
Delhi: Sterling Publishers, 1989.
14.Robinson, Francis, Technology and Religious Change: Islam and the impact of print,
Modern Asian Studied, Vol. 27, No 1. 1993.
15.Vilanilam, V. John, The Socio Cultural Dynamics of Indian Television: From SITE to
Insight to Privatization, Television in Contemporary Asia, David French and Michael
Richards (eds). London: Sage, 2000.

Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination

Branch, University of Delhi, from time to time.
 SEMESTER II
CATEGORY I
Based on
Undergraduate Curriculum Framework 2022
(Effective from Academic Year 2022-23)

DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – DSC A2: MEDIA, SOCIETY AND CULTURE

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE

COURSE
Course Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility
Pre-requisite
title & Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Code Practice (if any)
Media, 4 3 0 1 Class XII NIL
Society Pass
and
Culture

Learning Objectives

The course explores the impact of media in society, the patterns of media representations,
constructions and stereotypes, and media as a social institution.

Learning Outcomes

The course will impart a sociological understanding of media representations to the students,
which may help them to balance the news process and the information needs of the public.
This will help students critically analyse the interaction of media with society and culture and
to enable them to use and create news and strengthen the processes.

SYLLABUS OF DSC A2 – Media, Society and Culture (45 Hours)

Unit 1 – Introduction to Society and Media (10 Hours)

1.Basic Concepts of Society and Culture

2.Interaction of media with society and culture
3.Media in socio-cultural and economic context
Unit 2 – Media and Power (11 Hours)

1. Communication and social order

2. Socio-political and socio-economic power
3. Democracy and New Media

Unit 3 – Media Content and Representation (12 Hours)

1. Representation
2. Construction
3. Stereotypes

Unit 4 – Mapping the Field and Rethinking Audience (12 Hours)

1. Audience: Majority, Minority; Groups and Individuals

2. Reconsiderations: Forms and Presentations

Practical Component (30 Hours)

1. Exposure to various media patterns

2. Audience mapping and analysis
3. Micro and Macro Cultural Analysis
** Students will produce a 2000-word paper or multi-media project or a
presentation analyzing the media representation through any soap, film, news
coverage on a particular issue of their choice. This would be combined with their
exposure to some interactions with functionaries in the media who would acquaint
them with challenges of negotiating between the needs of news making and
presenting social issues or events.

Suggested Readings

1. Benshoff, Harry M. America on Film: Representing Race, Class, Gender and

Sexuality at the movies. Wiley Blackwell, 2009.
2. Berger and Asa Arthur. Media and Society: A Critical Perspective. Rowman
& Littlefield, 2012.
3. Daramola.l. Mass Media and society, Writing for the Media Society.
Lagos: Rothan Press, 2005, 2003.
4. Dines, Gail, and Jean Humez. Gender Race,and class in Media: A critical
Reader. 4th ed. New Delhi.
5. Edward Said. Covering Islam: How the Media and the Experts Determine How
We See the Rest of the World. New York: Vintage, 1997.
6. Gorman, Lyn, and McLean David. Media and Society into the 21st century: A
Historical. London: Sage, 2005.
7. Marshall, McLuhan. Roads and Paper Routes in Understanding Media:
Extensions of "Man ". New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1964.
8. McQuail, D. McQuail's Mass Communication Theory. 5th Ed. London: Sage,
2005.
9. Roger, Silverstone. The Sociology of Mediation and communication in Craig
Calhoun Chris. Edited by Rojek and Bryan S Turner. London: Sage, 2005
 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE –DSC B2: ICT & DIGITAL MEDIA

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE

COURSE

Course Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility

Pre-requisite
title & Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Code Practice (if any)
ICT and 4 3 0 1 Class XII NIL
Digital Pass
Media

Learning Objectives
The course intends to improve students’ knowledge and skills in Information and Media
Technology – including both hardware and software.

Learning Outcomes
Through this course, students will understand and gain proficiency in using various ICT
tools, devices and acquire knowledge about multiple digital platforms. This will help them to
creatively use Information and Communication Technologies in producing media products,
content and services.

SYLLABUS OF DSC B2 – ICT and Digital Media (45 Hours)

Unit 1 – ICT: Basic Concepts (10 Hours)

1. Hardware and Software Components of Computer Systems – A Brief Sketch;

Different File Formats and Media Codecs
2. Computer Networks, Network Topology etc.
3. Telecommunications – Various Generations, Digitization and Convergence of
Technologies
4. Media Convergence and Social Construction of Technology

Unit 2 – Digital and Social Media (12 Hours)

1. Concepts: New Media; Cyber Media; Digital Media; Web and Mobile Web; User and
the Screen
 2. Search Engines; Internet Search and its tools
3. Basics of Web Publishing / Blogs and the ‘Blogosphere’; Tools & Applications;
WordPress etc.
4. Social Networking and Media Platforms - Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, Instagram,
WhatsApp, Social Bookmarking, Skype etc.
5. Social Media and the Post-Modern Public Sphere; Economy of New Media

Unit 3 – ICT and New Media Applications (12 Hours)

1. Practical Skills: MS Word, MS Power Point, MS Excel etc.

2. ICT as an Economic Arena: Digital Marketing, E-Commerce and E-

Banking basics
3. Community Informatics & E-Governance - Cyber Mohalla and Akshaya
Projects
4. Basic Concepts: Virtual Reality – 2D/3D Modelling and Simulation; Gaming;
Artificial Intelligence; Metaverse
5. Cyber Space Activism & Social Inclusion

Unit 4 – ICT and New Media: Ethical Concerns (11 Hours)

1. Globalization & Emerging Cyber cultures, Netiquette, Facets of Cybercrime,

Trolling etc.
2. Information Rights and Intellectual Property Rights – Copyright and Copy Left,
Plagiarism, Open-Source Approach and Creative Commons
3. Electronic Documents and Digital Signature
4. Cyber Laws Basics, Internet Governance and Regulatory Frameworks

Practical Component (30 Hours)

1. How to make presentations using MS Word, Power Point, Excel etc.
2. Presentation on Cyber cultures, netiquettes, trolling, differences between
new and old media
3. New Media Case Studies and Project
4. Presentation/Articles on how to use Internet search as a secondary
research tool.

Suggested Readings
1. Castells. The Network Society: A cross -cultural perspective. Edward Elgar, 2004.
2. Dovey, Lister, Giddings Grant, and Kelly. New Media and Technologies. 2003.
3. Eugenia, Siapera. Understanding New Media. Sage, 2011.
4. Gane, Nicholas, and David Beer. New Media: The Key Concept. Berg, 2008.
5. Goldsmith, Jack, and Tim Wu. Who controls Internet? Illusions of Borderless
World. US: Oxford University Press, 2006.
6. Jenkins, Henry. Convergence Culture: Where Old and New Media Collide. New
York: NYU Press, 2006.
7. Khan, R, and D Kellner. "New Media and Internet Activism: From the Battle of
Seattle to Blogging "New Media & Society. Vols. vol.6, No.1. 2004.
8. Lambert, Joan, and Curtis Frye. Microsoft Office 2016 Step by Step.
Microsoft Press, 2016.
9. Lievrouw, and Livigstone. Hand Book of New Media. Sage, n.d.
10. Manovich, Lev. What is new Media? In the Language of New Media.
Cambridge: MIT Press, 2001.
11. Martin, Lister. New Media - A Critical Introduction. Routledge, 2009.
12. Miller, Vincent. Understanding Digital Culture. Sage, 2011.
13. Narayan, Sunetra Sen, and Shalini Narayanan. India Connected: Mapping Impact
of New Media. New Delhi: Sage, 2016.
14. Pavik, John V. New Media. Columbia University Press, 2001.
15. Sinha.Pradeepk, and Priti Sinha. Computer Fundamentals. 6th Ed. BPB
Publication, 2011.
16. Van Dijk, J.A.G.M. " The network Society: Social Aspects of New Media. Sage,
2005.
 DISCIPLINE SPECIFIC CORE COURSE – DSC C2 : MEDIA, POLITY AND LEGAL SYSTEMS
IN INDIA
CREDIT DISTRIBUTION, ELIGIBILITY AND PRE-REQUISITES OF THE
COURSE

Course Credits Credit distribution of the course Eligibility

Pre-requisite
title & Lecture Tutorial Practical/ criteria of the course
Code Practice (if any)
Media, 4 3 0 1 Class XII NIL
Polity and Pass
Legal
Systems in
India

Learning Objectives
The course will introduce the students to the polity, constitution and legal systems in India.

Learning Outcomes
Knowledge of the constitution and legal systems in India will help the students to be
responsible and disciplined in their journalistic endeavours and enable them to produce
reports on political, legal and governance issues with larger perspectives.

SYLLABUS OF DSC C2 – Media, Polity and Legal Systems in India (45 Hours)
Unit 1 - Indian Constitution and Governance (12 Hours)

1. Fundamental Rights: Issues and Debates (Debates on Equality and Liberty,

Freedom of Speech, Issue of Reservation, Custodial Deaths, Police Atrocities etc.)
2. Directive Principles of State Policy: Issues and Debates (Uniform civil Code, Cow
Protection)
3. Centre-State Relations: Federal v/s Unitary Debates, Federal Issues in Indian
Politics, Governor: Power and Functions
4. Media – Government relationship (Media -Legislature, Media -Judiciary)

Unit 2 - Indian Democracy (12 Hours)

1. Legislature: LokSabha and RajyaSabha: Relative Roles and Functions, Issues in

Functioning of the Parliament
 2. Executive: President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
3. Judiciary: High Court and Supreme Court, Judicial Review and Judicial Activism,
Public Interest Litigation, Controversies and Issues related to Independence of
Judiciary
4. Panchayati Raj Institutions and Grassroots Democracy in India

Unit 3 - Parties, Party System and Electoral Politics in India (11 Hours)

1. Party System in India and the Rise of Coalitions; Types of Parties – National and
State level
2. Election Commission and Electoral Reforms
3. Law Commission and National Committee for Review of the Constitution
4. Identity Politics: Gender, Caste, Class and Religion in Indian Politics
5. E-Media and Governance; Covering Campaigns, Elections and Governance

Unit 4 – Media, Polity and Democracy (10 Hours)

1. Democracy and Freedom of the Press; Freedom of Expression and responsibility of

the Journalists
2. Power and responsibility of the media; Media as a Watchdog Vs. Government
censorship
3. Role of the media in semi-democratic regimes and authoritarian regimes; Media as
promoter of democracy in non-democratic regimes
4. Edward Snowden, Wiki Leaks Case Studies: Freedom of the Press versus National
Security Concerns
5. Future of the News Media: Issues and Concerns

Practical Component (30 Hours)

1. Group project on the success of e-governance and the role of the media
2. Present and analyse on any one aspect (class, caste, gender) and contemporary politics
in India
3. Discussions on the independence of the judiciary and the recent controversies around
judicial activism
4. Write a paper on the Uniform Civil Code arguing on the merits and demerits of the
same.
Suggested Readings
1. Austin, Granville. The Indian constitution: Cornerstone of a Nation. 1966.
2. Austin, Granville. Working a Democratic Constitution, OUP. 1999.
3. Baum, Matthew. Soft News Goes to War: Public Opinionand American Foreign
Policy in the New Media Age. Princeton University Press, 2005.
4. Chakrabarty, Bidyut. Indian Politics and Society Since Independence: Events,
Processes and Ideology. Routledge, 2008.
5. Iyengar, Shanto, and Jennifer A McGrady. Media Politics: A Citizen Guide. W.W.
Norton, 2011.
6. Kashyap, Subhash C. Our Parliament. National book Trust, 2011.
7. Khinani, Sunil. The Idea of India. Penguin, 2003.
8. Lippman, Water. Public Opinion. Macmillan, 1922.
9. Mitchell, Army et al. " Millennials and Political News: Social Media the local TV for
the next generation?' Pew Research Center Journalism & Mass Media. 2015.
10. Rajni, Kothari. Politics in India. Orient Longman, 1970.
11. Snowden, Edward. "The World say No to Surveillance". The New York Times, 2015.
12. Toobin, Jeffrey. Edward Snowden is No Hero. 2013.
13. White, Theodore. The Making of the President: 1960. Atheneum, 1960.
14. Young, Dannagal Goldwaithe. The Daily Show as the New Journalism: In Their Own
words", Laughing Matters: Humor and American politics in the Media Age. New
York: Routledge, 2008.

Note: Examination scheme and mode shall be as prescribed by the Examination

Branch, University of Delhi, from time to time.

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