njesc103
njesc103
njesc103
In the electrochemical series, various elements are arranged as per their standard
reduction potential values.
A substance with higher reduction potential value means that it has a higher tendency
to get reduced. So, it acts as a good oxidising agent.
A substance with lower reduction potential value means that it has a higher tendency
to get oxidised. So, it acts as a good reducing agent.
The electrode with higher reduction potential acts as a cathode while the electrode
with a lower reduction potential acts as an anode.
The potential difference between the 2 electrodes of a galvanic cell is called cell
potential and is measured in Volts.
The cell potential is the difference between the reduction potential of cathode and
anode.
E cell = E cathode – E anode
Cell potential is called the electromotive force of the cell (EMF) when no current is
drawn through the cell.
Nernst studied the variation of electrode potential of an electrode with temperature
and concentration of electrolyte.
Nernst formulated a relationship between standard electrode potential EΘ and
electrode potential E.
Electrode potential increases with increase in the concentration of the electrolyte and
decrease in temperature.
Nernst equation when applied to a cell, it helps in calculating the cell potential.
The substances which allow the passage of electricity through them are known as
conductors.
Every conducting material offers some obstruction to the flow of electricity which is
called resistance. It is denoted by R and is measured in ohm.
The resistance of any object is directly proportional to its length l and inversely
proportional to its area of cross section A.
Fuel cells:
At Anode:
At cathode:
Overall reaction:
Corrosion: