📌GROUP REPORT ROLES:

➔ ENERGIZER: Carl
➔ INTRO: Jermayne
➔ HUMAN & GATHERING SOCIETY: Cathy
➔ PASTORAL SOCIETY: Tram
➔ HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY: Lumbres
➔ AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY: Darwin
➔ FEUDAL SOCIETY: Yeod
➔ INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: Carl
➔ POST-INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: Yell
➔ VIRTUAL SOCIETY: Jermayne

The Human Person in Society

INTRO
- It is important to note that society is founded on the concept of the common good.

- Philosophers who discussed the origins of society traced the emergence of society to
the human desire to achieve the goal of survival.

- Apart from this, human beings are compelled to come together, establish relationships
with each other, and work together as a united group because of the natural desire for
goodness.

- Our nature as human persons drives us to do what is good, and we recognize that
other persons also desire goodness as well.

- When more than one person desires and works to achieve the same good, then it can
be said that a common good exists among them.

- The common good refers to the social conditions which enable persons and groups to
fulfill their goals and achieve well-being.

- On a larger scale, examples of the common good may include peace within the
community, clean and safe public spaces, an efficient transport system, and efficient
public service.

- The common good applies to all members of society.

- This means that not only do all members benefit from it, all have the responsibility to
work for it.

- By working to attain the common good, a person is now able to create opportunities for
himself or herself as well as others.

- The collective effort of individual persons towards the common good ensures that each
member of the community will be able to live in a world where they can pursue their
own perfection and fulfillment.
 - Basically a common good is anything that benefits the entire society. The bus, the
roads, and the school are all common goods because they benefit all of society and
everyone has access to them.

DISCUSS
1. What are the factors or influences that drove human beings to establish societies?

- ​Human beings formed societies to meet basic needs like safety, food, and
companionship. Working together made survival easier by sharing resources and
protecting each other. Over time, this cooperation led to the development of rules,
culture, and communities.

2. Reflect on the groups that you interact with regularly. How do these groups uphold the
common good?

- For example in our school community, everyone needs education in order to have a job
in the future. The teachers’ job is to guide and teach students, while the students learn
and grow to prepare for their future job.

- In my church community, most of the work is done by volunteers, including both adults
and children. Everyone wants to grow spiritually, so we all work together to keep the
church running smoothly and efficiently.

What are the different forms of societies?

- The development of societies throughout history shows the development of humankind
in response to changing surroundings and historical developments.

- The various forms of societies that emerged include the following:

1. Human & Gathering Society

2. Pastoral Society
3. Horticultural Society
4. Agricultural Society
5. Feudal Society
6. Industrial Society
7. Post-Industrial Society
8. Virtual Society

Hunting and gathering society

- This is recognized as the earliest and simplest form of society.

- Characterized by its small size and is composed mainly of families.

- They are nomadic because they spend most of their time searching for food and thus,
have no permanent territory.
- (nomadic - moving from one place to another rather than living in one place all of the
time)

- The hierarchy in this type of society is not very varied.

- Its members are generally treated equally and decisions are usually arrived at through
a consensus.

- (Consensus - general agreement among a group of people)

- The roles of its members and the division of labor is not very clearly defined.

- It is one in which people rely primarily on hunting wild animals and gathering wild plants
for their subsistence. These societies are often nomadic, moving from place to place
following the availability of food resources. They typically have small, close-knit groups
with a strong sense of community and cooperation.

Pastoral society
- This type of society is characterized by the domestication of animals for food for a more
stable and predictable food supply.

- Has larger populations than hunting and gathering societies and remain longer in one
place.

- They often produce surplus food and resources, which they trade with other societies.

- This relative prosperity enables the people to engage in other activities apart from
those necessary for survival, such as handicrafts.

- This eventually leads to the emergence of specialized tasks in the community.

Horticultural society
- A horticultural society primarily engages in the small-scale cultivation of plants, fruits,
and vegetables and the domestication of animals.

- They are semi-nomadic, which means that they travel to another place when they have
already depleted the resources in one area.

- In this society, roles and responsibilities are more clearly defined with many tasks
assigned according to gender.

- Similar to the pastoral society, there is also a surplus of goods, which sometimes leads
to inequalities among its members.

- In early societies, the individuals were often very family and clan-oriented, and their
behaviors and actions were restricted by tradition.
- The assignment of tasks and occupations were often based on gender, with women
doing mostly domestic work in the home, while the men engaged in hunting and
farming.

Agrarian or agricultural society

- This type of society is a further evolution of the pastoral and horticultural societies.

- Involves the large-scale and long-term cultivation of crops and domestication of

animals.

- This society is characterized by improved technology and the use of tools to aid in
farming.

- Improved technology and farming methods result in increased production, giving rise to
a growing population in agricultural societies.

- Their large population leads to a more structured social system that helps manage
resources and its members.

- The increasingly complex social organization and growing importance of territory often
result in conflicts among neighboring societies over resources and land.

Feudal society
- A feudal society is based on the ownership of land.

- This society rose out of developments in Western Europe during Medieval times

- Rival kingdoms were engaged in conflict over resources, particularly land.

- Rulers grant their followers or vassals the right to manage parcels of land.

- These vassals, in turn, are served by peasant workers who cultivate the land and tend
to the animals in the farms. In return for their services, they are provided military
protection.

- Members of society are organized based on status.

- Those who own land are considered the most powerful and influential members of
society, while the peasants are considered the lowest group.

- Social relations are characterized by dependence.

- The lord depends on his vassals to provide him with resources, the vassals depend on
the peasants for their service, while the peasants depend on their vassals for
protection.

- An agrarian and feudal society gives rise to individuals who value relations among
family members and with other members in the community.
- People are often very conscious of their place within society and are mindful of the
hierarchy.

- People who belong to the "higher classes" are treated with respect by the members of
the community.

- They are often traditional and are resistant to social change, preferring to maintain the
way things are in their community.

Industrial society
- An industrial society is based on the use of specialized machinery in the production of
goods and services.

- The advances in science and technology in the late 18th century resulted in the
Industrial Revolution, which in turn gave rise to new production and industrial methods,
as well as innovations in transportation and communication.

- These technological advances resulted in improved trade and commerce and better life
conditions for many people.

- Work is done in factories and public education is more prevalent.

- However, the emergence of industrial societies is characterized by greater inequalities

in wealth, power, and influence.

- Industrial societies are often defined by the nature of work and the prevailing industry in
an area.

- The capitalists or business owners are considered the most influential.

- This type of society is also characterized by cultural diversity and the presence of
bureaucratic forms of organization.

- (Bureaucratic - relating to the business of running an organization, or government)

- An industrial society is a significant departure from the agrarian society, as many of the
relations are not family or community-based.

- An important factor in social relations is the workplace, and people often interact with
individuals who do not come from the same family, clan, or community.

- Impersonal relationships prevail among individuals.

- The difference between social groups is even more marked and is defined by access to
economic resources and prosperity.

- Alienation is common in industrial societies, as people are often seen as resources to

be exploited.

- (Alienation - the feeling that you have no connection with the people around you or that
you are not part of a group)
 Post-Industrial society
- The post-industrial society is marked by the establishment of societies based on
knowledge, information, and the sale of services.

- Led by the human mind and aided by highly advanced technology, the trend has shifted
from industry to the generation, storage, manipulation, and sale of information.

- Information influences the behavior of people and has thus become a very important
commodity in the post- industrial society.

- Members of this society have higher educational attainment, better training, and
specialized roles.

The virtual society

- This is where people organize themselves through communication technology and the
Internet, is a product of a post-industrial society.

- Individuals in a virtual society often engage in complex relationships.

- They often have fluid identities and do not necessarily subscribe to certain norms or
established standards of behavior.

- The freedom allowed in virtual worlds means that a person is able to engage in various
activities, as well as access various kinds of information.

OUTRO
- The growth and development of the various forms of societies highlight the growing
complexity of human interactions over time.

- The technological advances and cultural changes that brought about these changes
result in the expansion of communities that now include people from varied ethnicities.

- These developments have led to innovations in human interactions such as language

and the establishment of governments.

- Many countries around the world are industrial societies, and a number of developed
countries have evolved into post-industrial and virtual societies.

- But despite these advancements and changes, the human person still remains the
heart and center of society.

- The person is the primary agent of change, as he or she drives social changes based
on responses to events and developments affecting society
 QUIZ
CHOICES:
A. Human & Gathering Society
B. Pastoral Society
C. Horticultural Society
D. Agricultural Society
E. Feudal Society
F. Industrial Society
G. Post-Industrial Society
H. Virtual Society

QUESTIONS:

1. Engages in the small-scale cultivation of plants, fruits, and vegetables and the
domestication of animals.

2. It is based on the use of specialized machinery in the production of goods and services.

3. Is based on the ownership of land.

4. This type of society is characterized by the domestication of animals for food for a more
stable and predictable food supply.

5. Where people organize themselves through communication technology and the Internet.

6. This is recognized as the earliest and simplest form of society.

7. It is marked by the establishment of societies based on knowledge, information, and the

sale of services.

8. This type of society is a further evolution of the pastoral and horticultural societies. This
society is characterized by improved technology and the use of tools to aid in farming.

9. Women were often responsible for planting and gathering crops, while men focused on
hunting, showing a clear division in gender roles.

10. SJane is a noblewoman who owns large lands and provides protection to the peasants
who farm her fields in exchange for their loyalty and service.

11. Jhay Mark does not engage in farming or animal domestication; instead, he relies on
searching and collecting food from his environment.

12. Dexter, a seaman, works on a cargo ship that transports goods between countries, relying
on machines and technology to help him do his job efficiently.

13. Jamila and her family relocate their herd of sheep to fresh grasslands each season, living
in tents and depending on the animals for food, clothing, and shelter.

14. Yell uses the internet to listen to the popular song "APT." by ROSÉ and Bruno Mars.

15. Deboy's family works together on their farm to grow crops and raise animals for food and
income.
ANSWERS:
1. C
2. F
3. E
4. B
5. H
6. A
7. G
8. D
9. C
10. E
11. A
12. F
13. B
14. H
15. D