Questions of Oscillation and Interference

Questions of Oscillation and Interference
Module- I (Oscillations)
1. What are the characteristics of SHM?

2. Derive the expression for total energy of a simple harmonic oscillator and show that it is
constant and proportional to the square of the amplitude. Also, plot kinetic energy, potential
energy.
3. Establish the differential equation of SHM from the principle of conservation of energy
4. At what displacement the kinetic energy is half to that of potential energy in simple harmonic
oscillato
5. A cubical block of side L cm and density d is floating in a water of density ρ (ρ>d). The block
is slightly depressed and released. Show that it will execute SHM and hence determine the
frequency of oscillation. Or Show that the motion of a body floating in a liquid is SHM. Hence
find its time period.
6. Find the frequency/time period for oscillation of liquid in a U-tube of length L.
7. Write down the differential equation of a series L-C circuit and hence establish the expression
for time period.
8. What do you mean by damped harmonic oscillation? Establish the differential equation for the
damped harmonic oscillator and explain each term. Solve it for underdamped motion.
9. Define the following terms in connection with the damped simple harmonic motion of a
particle: (a) relaxation time (b) logarithmic decrement, and (c) quality factor.
10. Define logarithmic decrement and relaxation time. Find the relation between them.
11. Give a graphical comparison among underdamped, overdamped and critically damped
harmonic motion.
12. Solve the equation for light damping and prove that the amplitude of vibration decreases
exponentially with time.
13. What do you mean by forced vibration? Write the differential equation of a forced harmonic
oscillator and explain each term. Write down the differential equation of a series L-C-R circuit
driven by a sinusoidal voltage. Identify the natural frequency of the circuit.
14. Obtain the expression of steady state current of a series LC-R circuit.
15. What is the electromechanical analogy between a mechanical oscillator and an electrical
circuit?
16. What is resonance? Establish the condition of amplitude of resonance and velocity resonance
for a mechanical system and Draw the graphs of displacement amplitude and velocity
amplitude against the frequency of the sinusoidal force driving a mechanical oscillator for
different values of damping.
17. Obtain the condition of energy resonance in for force vibration system.
18. Define quality factor (Q) and sharpness of resonance (Sr). Write down the relation between
them.
19. The displacement of any particle at any instant t is given by x = 3 cos ωt + 4 sin ωt. Show that
the motion is simple harmonic. What is the amplitude of this oscillation? Show that its kinetic
energy oscillated with angular frequency 2ω.
20. Calculate the displacement to amplitude ratio for a SHM when the kinetic energy is 90% of the
total energy.
21. The displacement equation of a simple harmonic oscillator is given by x = 10 sin(100t +

π/6) cm. What will be the frequency of oscillation and epoch?
22. Calculate the value of frequency (in Hz) of L-C oscillation with L = 100 mH and C= 50μF.
23. In a series LCR circuit driven by a dc source of emf, the values of L = 1 mH, C = 5 mF and R
= 0.5 ohm. Calculate the frequency, the relaxation time and Q-factor of the circuit.
24. A mass of 0.01 Kg is acted upon by a restoring force of 0.01 N/m and a restoring force of
2 × 10−3 Nsm−1. Find out whether the motion is oscillatory or non oscillatory. Find the
resisting force per unit velocity which will make the motion critically damped.
25. A vibrator mass 10 gm is acted on by a restoring force of 5 dyne/cm and a damping force
2dyne-sec/cm. Find whether the motion is overdamped or oscillatory.
26. A Simple harmonic oscillator of mass 4 gm has amplitude of 2 cm and velocity at zero
displacement is 100 cm/sec. Calculate the time period of oscillation and energy of the
oscillator.
27. Find the value of damping force constant (b) for a damped harmonic oscillator having time
period of 2 second and successive displacements are 25 cm and 24.90 cm respectively.
Module – II (Optics)
INTERFERENCE
1. What is interference of light? What are the conditions to get sustained interference?
2. What do you mean by interference by division of amplitude and interference by division of

wavefront? Give examples.
3. Mention the names of the processes to create two coherent sources from one with one example
each.
4. What are the conditions of maxima and minima for interference of light reflected from a thin
film?
5. Show that the radius of the dark ring in Newtons ring is proportional to the square root of
natural number.
6. From Newton’s ring experiment find out the phase difference between the reflected rays.
7. From Newton’s ring experiment show that, λ = (D2m+n – D2m) / 4nR, where, Dm+n andDm is the
diameter of the (m+n)-th and n-th order ring and R is the radius of curvature of the plano –
convex lens, λ is the wavelength of light used.
8. Explain briefly why Newton's rings are circular.
9. How will the Newton’s rings change if some oil is placed between the lens and the glass plate?
10. Why is the central fringe is dark in Newton's rings experiment in reflected mode? What will
happen to central fringe if we replace air by water?
11. Find out the conditions of maxima and minima for interference of light reflected from a
parallel glass plate.
12. Explain the term ‘fringes of equal width and fringes of equal inclination?

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Questions of Oscillation and Interference

1. What are the characteristics of SHM?

21. The displacement equation of a simple harmonic oscillator is given by x = 10 sin(100t +

2. What do you mean by interference by division of amplitude and interference by division of

8. Explain briefly why Newton's rings are circular.

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