APEEJAY COMMON PREBOARD EXAMINATION

CLASS: XII (SESSION 2022-23)

SUBJECT: PHYSICS
TIME: 3 HOURS Max Marks: 70
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
I. There are 35 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, >euOn B, SEction C, Section D and Section E. All the
sections are compulsory.
3. Section A contains eighteen MCQs of 1 mark eacn, dEcuon b Contains seven
questions of two marks
each, Section C contains five questions of three marks each, section D contains three long questions of
five marks each and Section E contains two case study based questions of 4 marks
each,
4. There is no overall choice.
However, an internal choice has been provided in section B, C, D and E. You
have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
5. Use of calculators is not allowed.

SECTION:A
1. The potential energy for the system of two charged particles is negative. Choose the correct option.
A. particles will attract each other
B. particles will repel each other
C. particles will atract and repel periodically
D. information given is not sufficient to predict the answer

2. The electric potential on the axis of an electric dipole at a

distance r from its centre is V. Then the
potential at a point at the same distance on its cquatorial line will be
A. 2V B. -V C. V/2 D. Zeroo

3. A wire of resistance R1 is drawn out so that its length is increased by twice of its original length. The
ratio of new resistance to original resistance is
A. 9:1 B. 1:9 C. 4:1 D. 1:4

4. An ionized gas contains both

positive and negative ions. If it is subjected simultaneously to an electric
field along the +x direction and a magnetic field
along the +z direction, then
A. positive ions deflect towards direction and
+y negative ions towards -y direction
B. all ions deflect towards + y direction
C. all ions deflect towards - y direction
D. positive ions deflect towards -

y direction and negative ions towards + y direction

5. Two particles X and Y having equal charges, after being accelerated through the same potential
difference enter a region of uniform magnetic field and describe circular paths of radii rj and r2
respectively. The ratio of mass of X to that of Y is
 A D. )
6. A
magnetic needle lying parallel to a
magnetic field requires W units
of work to turn it through 60°. The
orque needed to maintain the needle in
this position will be
A. V3 w
B. W C. (V3/2)w D. 2W
A n iron cored coil is connected in series with an electric bulb with an AC source. When iron
taken out of the
coil, the brightness of the bulb will piece is
A. increase
B. decrease C. remains same D Fluctuate
8. The equation of electric field
answer
in an electromagnetic wave is E =
Eg sin (kz + wt). Choose the correct

A. the wave is
B. the wave is
travelling in the -z direction
travelling in +z direction
C. magnetic field
must be in the yz
D. electric field must
plane
be in the xz plane
9. Two circular
loops made of copper wire of equal radii are placed
is cut anda coaxially at some separation. The first
battery is inserted in between to drive a current in it. The current
the variation in resistance changes slightly because of
with temperature. During this
A. attract or period, the two loops
repel each other depending on the sense of the current
B. repel each other
C. do not exert any force on each other
D. attract each other

10. Suppose Bi and B2 are the fringe width of

interference fringes when red light and blue light is
Young's double slit experiment respectively. used in
A. Bi <B2
Assuming
all the other factors remains unchanged then
B. B P2
C. B1 B2
D. given information is not sufficient to predict the answer

11. In the
photoelectric effect experiment electrons are not ejected when the metal surface is
green colour light. To eject the electrons from the surface of the metal exposed to
colour
one should use light of which
A. Yellow B. Red C. Orange D. Blue
12. The radius of the innermost electron orbit of
orbit is
a
hydrogen atom is 5.3 x 10-1 m. The radius of the n =
3
A. 1.01 x 10-0 m B. 1.59x 1010 m C. 2.12 x 1010 m D. 4.77 x 100 m

2
 13. IfFi. F: and Fy are the nuclear forece between proon-proton, neutron-neutron and neutron-proton
Choose the correct option
espectively separated by the same distance.
A. Fi F= F B. Fi>F> Fs C. FiFa< F D F F# F
14. The frequencies at which the current ampl1tude in an LLR Senes Cireuit becomes 1 / times its

matimum value, are 212 rads' and 232 rads. The value ofresistance in the cireuit is R = sQ The self

inductance in the circuit is

A. 350 mH B. 200 mH C. 125 mH D 400 mH

15. The electric potential varies as V(x) = -2x* + 20. The magnitude of electric field at the point x = 1 m
in SI unit is
A. 2 V/m B. 1 V/m C. 4 V/m D. 8 V/m
16. Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the
correct answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false and R is also false

ASSERTION (A): A diode is used to convert AC voltage to pulsating DC voltage.

REASON (R): Diode has almost zero resistance in forward biased and almost infinite resistance in
reverse biased.

17. Two statements are given-one labelled.Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the
comect answer to these questions from the codes (A), (B). (C) and (D) as given below.
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false and R is also false

ASSERTION (A) : The photoelectrons produced by a monochromatic light beam incident on a metal
surface have a spread in their kinetic energies.
REASON (R): The energy of electrons emitted from inside the metal surface, is lost in collision with
the other atoms in the metal.

18. Two statements given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the
are

corect answer to these

questions from the codes (A), (B), (C) and (D) as given below.
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct
explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false and R is also false

3
 ASSERTION (A) : When two bulbs lights uo simultanecously, then we do not observe interfercnce
fringe pattern on the screen
KEASON (R) : The two bulbs are coherent sources of light and interference is shown by noncoherent
sources of light

SECTION:B
19. Electromagnetic waves with wavelength
A. A1 is used in mobile and television communicationsS
B. A2 is used in ovens to cook food
C. da is used to study the structure of crystals using crystal diffraction technique.

Name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum to which these radiations belong. Also, arrange the
radiation in the increasing order of photon energies.
20. A magnetised needle in a uniform magnetic ficld experiences a torque but no net force. An iron nail near
a bar magnet, however, experiences a force of attraction in addition to a torque. Why?
21. Calculate the ratio of nuclear radii of polonium to that of Aluminium. (Mass number of Polonium and

Aluminium is 216 u and 27 u respectively)

OR
Prove the Bohr's quantization condition from De-Broglie's principle.
22. A convex lens is made
up of material of refractive index 1.5. The lens is dipped in two different liquids
ot retractiveindex 1.23 and 1.72 one by one and parallel beamoflight is allowed to fall on the lens in
both cases. Draw the ray diagrams in each case.
23. Define the terms
Depletion region' and Barrier potential' for a p-n junction. Explain why an n-type
semiconductor crystal is electrically neutral?
OR
The following figure (Fig.1) shows the energy band diagrams of three different types of materials X, Y
and Z. An LED is connected with a 6 V battery in series with the wires made from each type of
materials one by one. Arange the materials in the increasing order of the brightness of LED. The
dimensions of wires made from the three materials are identical

Bendoap

Fig. 1
24. Whilestudying ray optics, wave properties of light and diffraction effects are ignored. Why? A parallel
beam of light of wavelength 500 nm falls on a narrow slit and the
resulting diffraction pattern is
4
 observed ona screen I m away. It is observed that the first
minimum is at a distance of 2.5 mm from the
centre of the screen, Find the width of the slit.
25. A point charge causes an clectric fluxof -l0* 0
pas through a spherical jaUasian aurface
of 10.0 cm radius centred on the charge. (a) tne radius or the Gaussian
surface were doubled, how
much flux would pass through the surface? (b)what is the value
of the point charu
SECTION:C
26. Write the principle of moving coil galvanometer. A
8aivanormeter coil has a resistance of 12 and the
metre shows full scale deflection for a current of 3 mA. How will
you convert the metre into a voltrneter
ofrange 0 to 18 V? Explain with the help of proper circuit diagram.
27. A horizontal straight wire AB I0 m long extending from cast to west (end A of the wire points in the cat
direction) is falling with a speed of 5.0 m s, at right angles to the horizontal component of the carth's
magnetic field, 0.30 x 104 wom2. (a) What is the instantancou value of
the emf induced in the wire?
(b) What is the value of current flowing in the wire? (©) Which end of the wire is at the
potential?
higher electrical
28. An alternating emf source with a
certain emfamplitude is connected, in turn, to a resistor, a
then an inductor. Once connected to one capacitor, and
of the devices, the driving frequency fa is varied and the amplitude
Iof the resulting current through the device is measured and plotted. Which of the three plots in
Fig. 2
corresponds to which of the three devices? Explain your answer with proper
reasoning. Also, draw the
phasor diagrams of voltage and current for L, C and R.

Fig.2
OR
An AC source
generating a voltage V= Vo sin ot is connected to a capacitor
expression for the current I flowing through it. On the basis of the of capacitance C. Find the
capacitor blocks DC current.
expression of current, explain why a

29. Explain any one observation of the

photoelectric effect experiment which was not explained by classical
electromagnetic wave theory of light. An ultraviolet lamp emits light of
of 400 W. An infrared wavelength 400 nm at the rate
lamp emits light of wavelength 700 nm, also at the rate of
emits photons at the greater rate and 400 w. (a) Which lamp
(b) what is that greater rate?
OR
The graph (Fig. 3) shows the variation of photocurrent for a
photosensitive metal
 Fig.3
(a)What does X and A on the horizontal axis represent
(6Draw this graph for three different values of frequencies of incident radiation V1, V2 and va (v,>v2>
V) for the same intensity.
(C) Draw this graph for three diferent values ofintensities ofincident radiation li, h and Is (> h>1)
having the same
frequency
30. A hydrogen atom in a state having a binding energy of -0.85 eV makes transition to a state with
excitation energy 10. 2 eV. (a) Identify the quantum numbers n of the upper and the lower energy states
involved in the transition. (b) Find the wavelength of the emitted radiation (c) Name the series and
identify the region of electromagnetic spectrum in which the wavelength of the emitted photon belongs.

SECTION:D
31. Define Electric field and write its SI unit. Draw the electric field lines for a pair ofpositive charges and
a dipole. Two uniformlylarge parallel thin plates having charge densities +a and -a are kept in the X-Z
plane at a distance 'd' apart. Prove that the electric field in the region between the plates is constant and
zero outside the plates. Ifa particle of mass m and charge q remains stationary between the plates, what
is the magnitude and direction of this field?
OR
Derive the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and distance d
between the plates. Fig. 4 shows two identical capacitors Ci and Ca each of 1.5 pF capacitance,
connected to a battery of2 V. In the Fig. 4, calculate the net capacitance of the capacitor and the total
charge stored in the system. Initially switch 'S' is closed. After sometime 'S' is left open and dielectric
slabs of dielectric constant K = 2 are inserted to fill completely the space between the plates of the two

capacitors. How will the

(i) charge and
(i) potential difference between the plates of the capacitors be affected after the slabs are inserted?
Give reasons for your answer.

2V:

L 1.5 F 1.5 F

Fig. 4

6
 32 (a) Expiain e tendait veksity d t e a n a n a vn vsun. H e s man t a c r r a u n te te

varrern tharta unbusn in terra of"dri v e t y ina unbun, tezrna mae wh a very ho

Wr
o)Enpiain torw the reivivity f a Silssn a O Z 3 wEn we icreae te teperta
OR
(a) Sse Kircisf's firv zd wond rie. Wrie tte furdaental lews on which Kirchaffs fru znd
wwnd rule is brared.
b) Drew toe diagran of whessne tridge cirouit ad wrte tie ialancing unditin d tridg
fc) ln the folkwing circuit, the ceils E; and Ez heve emis 4 V and V ad the insenal resitace 05
oihazn ad 1 ohzn rerpeively. Calkulate the oureat in each resistznce
4

3
-m- - -
45

Fig 5
33. (a) Use Huygens's geometrical construction to sborw borw a plane wavefront at t=0 propazztes znd
produces a wavefront at a latertime
b) Lsing Huygens's principle, verify Snell's law ofrefraction for a plane wave propagating fromma
densz mediun to a rarer medium.
(c) lhstrate with the heip of diagrams the action of a covex lens and concave miror on a plane
wavefrot incidet on it
OR
(a) In a Young's double-slit experiment, deduce the conditions for constructive and destructive
interference.
b) Explain how Young's obtain coherent sources for the interference experiment.
( Plot a graph of the itensity distribution vs. path difference in the young's double slit experiment
Cnpare this with the intensity distribution of fringes due to diffraction at a single slit. What important
difference do you observe?
SECTION:E
34. When light traveling in an optically denser medium hits a boundary at an angle (larger than the critical
ande for the boundary), the light is completely reflected. This is called total internal reflection. This effect
is uved in optical fibre to confine light in the core. Light travels through the fibre core, bouncing back and
forth off the boundary between the core and cladding. Because the light must strike the boundary with an
ange gyeater than the critical angle, only light that enters the fibre within a certain range of angles can
travel dowm the fibre without leaking out.
 Aypical tbre used for telecommunications has a cladding made of pure silica, with an index of 1444
and a core ofdoped silica with an index around 1.4475. From this information, a simple rule of thumb is
that a signal using optical fibre for communication will travel at around 200,000 km per second. Thus, a
phone call caried by fibre between Sydney and New York, a 16,000-kilometer distance, means that there
1S a minimum delay of 80 millisecond between when one caller speaks and the other hears.

(a) Why an optical fibre is better than copper wire for transmitting signals over long distances.
(6) Why the refractive index of core is greater than cladding in an optical fibre?
() Light incident from a medium of refractive index v2 into air. Calculate the value of critical angle.
OR
Calculate the time taken by the signal to reach from New Delhi to Chennai in an optical fibre of
refractive index 1.5. The distance betwecn New Delhi and Chennai is 2200 km.

3 . A pn Junction diode is one of the simplest semiconductor devices around, and which has the electrical

iaracteristic of passing current through itsclf in one direction only. However, unlike a resistor, a diode
does not behave linearly with respect to the applied voltage. Instead it has an exponential current-voltage

relationship and therefore we cannot described its operation by simply using an equation such as Ohm's
law. If a suitable positive voltage (forward bias) is applied between the two ends of the PN junction, it can
Supply free electrons and holes with the extra energy they require to cross the junction as the width of the
depletion layer around the pn junction is decreased. By applying a negative voltage (reverse bias) result
in the free charges being pulled away from the junction resulting in the depletion layer width being
increased. This has the effect of increasing or decreasing the effective resistance of the junction itself
allowing or blocking the flow of current through the diode.

(a) A sinusoidal AC voltage is applied to a single diode. Draw the output waveform.

(6) Is there any charge in the depletion region in pn junction? Is there any mobile charge carriers in the
depletion region in the pn junction? Explain.
(C)When a diode is forward biased, current increases abruptly after crossing the knee voltage. Explain.

OR

(c) Draw the VI characteristics of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse bias and label the
breakdown voltage and knee voltage.